Objective To explore the clinical effect of manual milk on acute mastitis caused by the milk siltation.Methods 118 patients with galactostasis induced acute mastitis were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into two groups according to the treatment sequence number and the single number,59 cases in each group.The control group was treated with routine drug therapy,the observation group was treated with manual drainage.The clinical therapeutic effect was analyzed.Results The effective rate of observation group was 96.61%,which was significantly higher than 81.36% in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.83,P<0.05).The scores of symptom and sign in the control group and observation group were (14.22±1.45)points and (4.02±0.44)points,which were significantly reduced than before treatment (t=6.63,9.52,all P<0.05),and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=8.68,P<0.05).The tumor dissipation time[(1.89±0.23)d],milk patency time[(3.29±0.38)d],local pain relief time[(2.18±0.54)d]and body temperature return to normal time[(3.55±0.43)d]in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t=7.30,6.88,7.81,6.57,all P<0.05).Conclusion The effect is superior to conventional drugs in the treatment of acute mastitis caused by the milk siltation,it can rapidly improve clinical symptoms,shorten the treatment time,and can be used as the first choice for clinical treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of the artificial cycle on the prognosis after transcervical resection of adhesion (TCRA) and its mechanism .Methods 80 patients with intrauterine adhesion were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group .The observation group were performed TRCA and postoperative artificial cycle for successive 3 months :oral es-tradiol valerate(9 mg once daily) for 21 d ,adding oral medroxyprofgesterone acetate(10 mg once dialy) on 15 d ,then the medication discontinuation for 7 d ,which was taken as 1 cycle;the control group received only TCRA .The re-examination was performed after 3 months .The levels of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) ,luteinizing hormone(LH) ,estradiol(E2 ) ,prolactin(PRL) ,progesterone (P) and testosterone(T) were examined by ELISA after TCRA three months .The expression of MMP-9 and TGF-β1 in adhesive endometrium were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot .Results Compared with the control group ,the artificial cycle thera-py combined with the operation could significantly increase the effective rate of TCRA for treating mild and moderate intrauterine adhesion(P<0 .05);the seum levels of FSH ,LH ,E2 ,PRL ,P and T had no statistical differences between the observation group and the control group(P>0 .05);the artificial cycle significantly improved the adhesive degree of intrauterine adhesion ,increased the MMP-9 expression and decreased the TGF-β1 expression .Conclusion Artificial cycle could improve the degree of uterine cavity ad-hesion after TCRA ,which the mechanism might be related to the increase of MMP-9 expression and decrease of TGF-β1 expres-sion .

Purpose:The value of color doppler ultrasonography( CDUS) in monitoring hemodynamic changes was investigated in patients with hyperdynamic circulatory state before and during 730 days after orthotopic liver transplantation.Materials and Methods:83 cases of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) were examined by CDUS to assess the hemodynamic changes of portal vein,hepatic artery,splenic artery and longitudinal diameter of the spleen ( LDS).Results:(1) Portal flow velocity ( PFV) was significantly lower in pre-OLT but higher than controls (P < 0.05 ) during 730 days after OLT.Resistance index of the hepatic artery ( HARI) in pre-OLT and within 7 days- after OLT was significantly higher (P<0.05).(2) Resistance index of splenic artery ( SARI) was also significantly higher in pre-OLT (P < 0.05 ).LDS was significantly higher after OLT than in both pre-OLT phase and controls(P<0.05).Conclusions: In early stage after OLT,HARI changed from high to low value and so did PFV,which kept the stability of hepatic blood flow.In late stage,high PFV and large spleen improved,but could not back to normal.

AIM: To study the effect of peppermint oil on GSH、ATPase in rat liver-tissues and primary cultured rat hepatocyte. METHODS: The rat liver tissues were obtained to detect content of GSH and level of Na~+-K~+-ATPase、Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)-ATPase after being administered peppermint oil orally at 24 % concentration of peppermint oil in 36 and 48 hours.Primary rat hepatocyte was separated and cultured,then peppermint oil and the serum containing that were respectively added level of LDH,ALT,AST in the supernatant fluid was respectively determined after incubating for 12,24 and 48 hours. RESULTS: The content of GSH and level of Na~+-K~+-ATPase and Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)ATPase in liver tissues was low remarkably(P

Objective To check the neutrophil count and the expression of cell surface adhesion molecule,lymphocyte function associated antigen?1(LFA?1)in peripheral neutrophils in severe preeclamptic patients and normal pregnant women in order to investigate the correlation of neutrophil activation with preeclampsia. Methods Totally 28 pregnant women in the department of gynecology and obstetrics in Shengjing Hospital from No?vember 2013 to January 2014 were included in the study,and divided into the severe preeclampsia group(n=14),and the control group(normal pregnant women,n=14). There was no statistically significant difference in age and gestational weeks between the two groups. The expression of LFA?1 in peripheral neutrophils was detected by flow cytometry in the two groups. Mean blood pressure(MBP)was measured in the severe preeclamptic group,and the correlation of MBP with expression of LFA?1 was analyzed. Results The neutrophil count was 8.40±2.23 ×109/L in the severe pre?eclamptic group,significantly higher than(6.71±1.58)×109/L in the control group,(P<0.05). The positive rate of LFA?1 in peripheral neutrophils was 63.25±38.025%in the severe preeclamptic patients,significantly higher than 8.32±38.65%in the control group(P<0.05). The expression lev?el of LFA?1 in peripheral neutrophils was significantly correlated with mean blood pressure in severe preeclamptic patients(r=0.64,P=0.013). Conclusion The neutrophil count and the expression of LFA?1 in peripheral neutrophils were significantly increased in severe preeclamptic pa?tients compared to normal pregnant women,and significantly correlated with severity of preeclampsia,suggesting that neutrophil activation participat?ed in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.

Objective To identify the risk factors associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods We analyzed all of the patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in the dialysis center of the 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University for at least 3 months from Jan 1st, 2009 to Dec 31st, 2014. Baseline and yearly interval clinical data were recorded and patients were followed up until morbidity or death of CCVD. Cox proportional hazard regression and time-dependent Cox regression were used to estimate the relative risk of outcomes associated with clinical measurements. Results There were 243 patients enrolled in the study, with a mean age of (53.2 ± 16.4) years old, and 138 of them were male (56.8%). The multivariate Cox proportional model revealed that age (HR=1.040, 95%CI:1.015-1.065, P=0.002), Erythropoietin (EPO) dose (HR=0.914, 95%CI: 0.846-0.987, P=0.022) and history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (HR=4.045, 95%CI: 2.074-7.890, P<0.001) were independent predictors of CCVD in MHD patients. After adjusting for baseline predictors, time-dependent serum phosphorus level (HR=1.722, 95%CI: 1.034-2.866, P=0.037) was significantly associated with CCVD. Conclusion Older age, decreases in EPO dose and history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease were associated with increased risks of CCVD in MHD patients. Increase in serum phosphorus level was associated with increased risks of CCVD in a time-dependent manner.

Objective To establish a reproducible rat model of acute rectal mucosal injury induced by acetic acid. Methods Fifteen healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group (3 rats) and experimental group (12 rats).Acute rectal mucosal injury was induced by 4%acetic acid using a cotton swab inserted into the rat rec-tum for 1 min to a depth of 3 cm.The morphological characteristics were analyzed by the naked eye and histology at 0.5 h and 1, 4, and 6 days after acetic acid intervention.Results All rats survived 6-day study period.The successful rate of model establishment was 100%.From 0.5 h to 1st day after acetic acid intervention, the gross morphology of recta showed congestion, edema and ulcer to ulcer complicated with hemorrhage.The histology showed necrosis and hemorrhage of the epithelial tissue of the mucosa to complete and extensive necrosis of the mucosa.The glandular structure showed partial to complete loss.The submucosa showed edema to edema complicated with hemorrhage and congestion.The interstitial tissues showed vasodilatation and congestion to inflammatory cell invasion.From 4 to 6 days after acetic acid intervention, the rectal mucosal changes were obviously improved.Epithelial and glandular regeneration and inflammatory granulation occurred, but not fully recovered, some edema and redness, partial lack of glands were still present.Conclusions 4%acetic acid for 1 min can be used to successfully induce rat model of acute rectal mucosal injury.This procedure is easy to operate, with a high success rate,reproducible, and the alterations are lasting more than 6 days.This animal model is very suitable for rapid screening of topical drugs for the treatment for rectal mucosal injury.

Objective To investigate the occurrence and severity of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia(BPSD)in elderly dementia patients,and to explore the relationship of the degree of dementia and the severity of BPSD with the burden of caregivers in pension agency.Methods Using a convenient sampling method,the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale,neuropsychiatric scale (NPI)and Zarit caregiver burden scale(ZBI)were used to evaluate 145 patients with Alzheimer's disease and caregiver burden in Hangzhou.Results The incidence rate of BPSD was 51.8 ％ (72 cases),with a higher incidence rate of delusions of 22.3％ (31 cases),a higher severity of sleep disorder/nocturnal behavior [NPI symptom score (5.95 ± 4.60) points].The symptom making a greatest burden on the caregivers was delusion [ZBI score (32.81 ± 17.66) points].There were positively correlations of the burden of caregivers with the degree of dementia and the severity of BPSD (r=0.434,0.710,all P＜0.01)in patients with senile dementia.Conclusions The incidence rate of BPSD in dementia patients is higher,and the occurrence of BPSD is associated with the severity of mini mental state examination(MMSE)and dementia,which increases the burden of caregivers.More attention should be paid to BPSD in patients with senile dementia.And the social support system serving patients with senile dementia and their caregivers should be further improved.

Objective To investigate the correlation between burdens of main caregivers of patients undergoing enterostomy and social supports.Method Fifty eight caregivers of patients with enterostomy involved the investigation by using questionnaires of Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview and Social Support Rating Scale.Results The mean score of burdens was(21.10±14.17).The total score of social supports was(43.69±8.61),higher than the national norm(34.56±3.73)(P<0.05).The total score of burdens, personal burdens and responsibility burdens were all negatively correlated with social support(P<0.01 for all).Conclusion The higher social support,the lower care burdens.The doctors and nurses should help the patients and their families to establish more accesses to the social supports so that the caregivers relieved and stress and reduce the burdens.

Objective To construct the digitalized 3 dimensional(3D)model by using the CTA and MRA original images and to assess the differences in the pelvic and abdominal vessel display between CTA and MRA.Methods The original data set in 25 healthy youth female cases of CTA and MRA were collected.The datasets,reconstructed the 3D models of arteries and venous on 3D reconstruction software Mimics10.0 was used to construct the 3D model of pevic and abdominal vessels.The reconstruction situation of abdominal aorta,inferior vena cava,common iliac artery and common iliac venous,internal and external iliac artery and iliac venous,uterine artery,obturator artery and obturator venous,hip artery and its branches,internal pudendal artery,middle sacral artery and venous,ovarian artery and venous and sacral venous plexus were observed.Moreover the chi-square test was used to analyze whether the above vessel display rate having differences between the two kinds of model.Results The abdominal aorta,inferior vena cava,common iliac artery and common iliac venous,internal and external iliac artery and iliac venous and uterine artery almost reached 100 ％ display.The display rates of CTA model for right and left obturator artery and venous were 92 ％,80 ％,44 ％ and 32 ％ respectively,while which of MRA model were 84 ％,72 ％,36 ％ and 4％ respectively,the difference was not statistically significant(P =0.382,P=0.508,P =0.564,P =0.382).The sacral venous plexus,including S1,2,3,4 transverse vein,the display rates in 25 cases of CTA 3D models were 4％,8％,0％and 4％respective,while which of MRA models were 76％,92％,96％and 44％respectively,the differences between them were statistically significant(P＜0.01,P＜0.01,P＜0.01,P=0.01).Conclusion Based on the observation of 3D models,the displaying rate of grade 4 pelvic and abdominal vessels has no statistical difference between MRA imaging technology and currently widely used CTA technology,moreover the MRA technology is superior to the CTA technology in presacral vessel net display.