Objective To explore the relationship of college students among death attitude,self-respect,and locus of control character.Methods Death attitude questionnaire,Rosenberger self-respect questionnaire and locus of control Inclination questionnaire were administered to 442 college students chosen by random sampling.Results ①Death attitudes order:death neutrality(3.78±0.62),death escape(2.90±0.77),terror of death(2.71±0.73),approach acceptance (2.49 ± 0.69) and escape acceptance (2.44 ± 0.84).② Different self-respect gradation students displayed significant difference on the terror of death,death neutrality,approach acceptance and escape acceptance (P＜0.05) ;and different character students displayed significant difference on the terror of death,death escape and escape acceptance(P＜0.05).③Self-respect had significant positive correlation with death neutrality (P＜0.01),while had negative correlation with terror of death,death escape,approach acceptance and escape acceptance (P＜0.01);and locus of control character had significant positive correlation with death fear and escape acceptance(P＜0.01).④Self-respect,locus of control character,health condition,discussions over death situation,and meaning of life have a degree of forecasting power over death attitude.Conclusion There is a close correlation among death attitude,self-respect,locus of control character.

Objective To investigate the causes of an outbreak of healthcare-associated infection with methicillin-resist-ant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)in a neurosurgical intensive care unit(NSICU).Methods Epidemiological investigation on 8 patients with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI)in a NSICU between June 15 and June 28,2104 were performed by combination methods of prospective and retrospective survey.Results The attack rate of MRSA LRTI in NSICU patients was 22.86%,a total of 16 MRSA isolates were detected from patients’clinical specimens,nasal vestibule,as well as hospital surroundings during the period,pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)result revealed that infection outbreak was caused by two subtypes of MRSA;risk factors analysis showed that long length of stay in ICU and aspiration of spu-tum through bronchoscopy were risk factors for MRSA LRTI.Conclusion Contamination of bronchoscope was the key factor for this epidemic spread of healthcare-associated MRSA infection.

Objective To understand the effect of improving compliance rate to multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO)prevention and control measures on reducing MDRO transmission in the intensive care unit (ICU ). Methods All patients in 5 ICUs of a hospital in March-June 2014 were chosen,March 1-April 30,2014 was base-line survey stage,May 1-June 30,2014 was intervention stage (comprehensive intervention measures were taken), the implementation of patients contact isolation measures,as well as awareness of MDRO-related knowledge among health care workers(HCWs)in 5 ICUs before and after intervention were compared respectively. Results HCWs' awareness rates of MDRO transmission modes,contact isolation measures,and informing of department transfer after intervention were all higher than before intervention(100.00% vs 67.22% ,98.89% vs 61.11% ,93.33% vs 45 .56% ,respectively);except single-room isolation,compliance rates to other prevention and control measures (including doctor's advice on isolation,bedside isolation,wearing isolation gowns,adding isolation logo)were all higher than before intervention(>70% vs <50% ,all P<0.01). Detection rate of MDROs after intervention was lower than before intervention (7.16% [90/1257]vs 9.65% [117/1212],χ2= 5.00,P= 0.03). Conclusion Com-prehensive intervention measures can improve HCWs'compliance to prevention and control measures on MDROs, and reduce the transmission of MDROs.

The effects of different concentrations of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) on the fibrovascular ingrowth into rabbits hydroxyapatite orbital implant were investigated. Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 3 groups and received hydroxyapatite orbital implant surgery in their right eyes. Before and after the operation, the implants were treated with 10 ng/ml VEGF, 100 ng/ml VEGF, or normal saline as control group. The animals received technetium bones scan at 2, 4, and 6 weeks postoperatively. The mean radioactivity counts within region of interest (ROI) of the surgery eye (R) and the non-surgery eye (L) in the same animal were tested, and the R/L ratios were calculated. The implants were harvested at 6th weeks and examined histopathologically. The results showed that at second week, there was no significant difference in mean R/L ratios between VEGF group and control group (F=2.83, P=0.111); At 4th week (F=7.728, P=0.011) and 6th week (F=7.831, P=0.011) postoperatively, the mean ratios in VEGF groups were significantly higher than that in control group. At 6th week postoperatively, the fibrovascularization rates in VEGF groups were higher than in control group significantly (F=8.711, P=0.008). It was suggested that VEGF could promote the fibrovascular ingrowth into hydroxyapatite orbital implant, thus might shorten the time required for complete vascularization of the HA orbital implant.
Eye, Artificial ; *Hydroxyapatites ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/*drug effects ; Orbit/blood supply ; *Orbital Implants ; Random Allocation ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/*pharmacology

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect and safety of sofosbuvir-based regimens in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated glomerulonephritis (HCV-GN). MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 5 patients with HCV-GN who were given sofosbuvir-based antiviral therapy in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from April 2015 to October 2018, and their clinical outcome and safety were analyzed. The patients were evaluated in terms of sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after treatment ended (SVR12), changes in liver/renal function and urinary protein during and after treatment, and safety. ResultsFive patients were enrolled, with an age of 27-81 years. There were 4 male patients, among whom 2 had liver cirrhosis. Of all patients, 4 had genotype 1b and 1 had genotype 2a. Renal biopsy was performed for 2 patients, who were diagnosed with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, respectively. Of all patients, 2 received sofosbuvir+ribavirin, 2 received ledipasvir/sofosbuvir, and 1 received sofosbuvir/velpatasvir for 12 or 24 weeks. All 5 patients achieved SVR12. There were significant reductions in alanine aminotransferase and 24-hour urinary protein excretion from baseline to the end of treatment and 12 weeks of follow-up, with a slight increase in serum albumin. Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were improved or showed no change. Only 1 patient experienced adverse gastrointestinal events associated with ribavirin. ConclusionSofosbuvir-based regimens have good clinical effect and tolerability in patients with HCV-GN. Long-term follow-up should be performed to evaluate the long-term prognosis of renal disease after HCV clearance.

The effects of different concentrations of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) on the fibrovascular ingrowth into rabbits hydroxyapatite orbital implant were investigated. Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 3 groups and received hydroxyapatite orbital implant surgery in their right eyes. Before and after the operation, the implants were treated with 10 ng/ml VEGF, 100 ng/ml VEGF, or normal saline as control group. The animals received technetium bones scan at 2, 4, and 6 weeks postoperatively. The mean radioactivity counts within region of interest (ROI) of the surgery eye (R) and the non-surgery eye (L) in the same animal were tested, and the R/L ratios were calculated. The implants were harvested at 6th weeks and examined histopathologically. The results showed that at second week, there was no significant difference in mean R/L ratios between VEGF group and control group (F=2.83, P=0.111); At 4th week (F=7.728, P=0.011) and 6th week (F=7.831, P=0.011) postoperatively, the mean ratios in VEGF groups were significantly higher than that in control group. At 6th week postoperatively, the fibrovascularization rates in VEGF groups were higher than in control group significantly (F=8.711, P=0.008). It was suggested that VEGF could promote the fibrovascular ingrowth into hydroxyapatite orbital implant, thus might shorten the time required for complete vascularization of the HA orbital implant.
Animals ; Eye, Artificial ; Hydroxyapatites ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Orbit ; blood supply ; Orbital Implants ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; pharmacology

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of pregnant women with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS).Methods:A total of 11 pregnant women with HFRS admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University (four cases), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University (four cases), The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University (one case) and Central Hospital of Xianyang City (two cases) between November 2009 and February 2019 were included as the study group, and 24 age-matched non-pregnant women with HFRS were selected as the control group. The age, complications, clinical classification and laboratory indexes of the two groups were analyzed retrospectively, and the clinical outcomes of pregnant women and their fetuses in the study group were followed up. The data between two groups were compared using Mann-Whitney U test or chi-square test. Results:Patients in the study and control groups were 29 (22, 33) and 32 (24, 37) years old, respectively. Seven of 11 patients in study group were severe and critical cases, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (16.7%(4/24), χ2=7.722, P=0.015). In the study group, 10 patients had hypervolemic syndrome, 10 patients had pulmonary edema and six patients had overlapping hypotension shock phase and oliguria phase, which were all higher than those in the control group ((2/24, 8.3%), (2/24, 8.3%) and (2/24, 8.3%), respectively; χ2=22.828, 22.828 and 9.135, respectively, all P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the pregnant patients in study group had a higher urea nitrogen maximum and serum creatinine maximum, and the differences were both statistically significant ( Z=-2.453 and -2.336, respectively, both P<0.05), while they had a lower serum albumin minimum, hemoglobin maximum and hemoglobin minimum, and the differences were all statistically significant ( Z=-3.742, -3.350 and -4.034, respectively, all P<0.01). All pregnant women with HFRS recovered. Nine pregnant women gave birth to nine healthy infants. All of them received breastfeeding and the feeding duration were more than six months. No abnormal growth and development were found during an average follow-up of three years. Conclusions:Pregnancy can aggravate the severity of HFRS, and pregnant women have higher risk of the multiple stages overlap and the complications such as hypervolemic syndrome and acute pulmonary edema. After recovery from HFRS, mother may carry to full-term pregnancy.