Objective To summarize the perioperative nursing experience of microsurgical denervation of the spermatic cord to treat idiopathic chronic orthialgia.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical record data of two patients with idiopathic chronic orthialgia,who received microsurgical denervation of the spermatic cord in our hospital,including pre-and postoperative symptom scores,evaluation of mental state and wound nursing.Results Both patients got complete pain relief and were discharged one week after operation.No would infection and mental fluctuation was noted.Conclusions The reasonable individual perioperative nursing is an elemental component of recovery for patients with chronic orthialgia who experienced microsurgical management.

Objective To investigate the effects of skin/muscle incision and retraction(SMIR)on mechanical paw withdrawal threshold and the ability of spatial learning and memory in immature rats after adulthood. Methods 27 male SD rats aged 3 weeks and weighing 60 ~ 80 g were randomly divided into 3 groups(n = 9):control group(group C),sham operation group(group Sham)and skin/muscle incision and retraction group (group SMIR). Group SMIR received operation for skin/muscle incision and retraction. Sham group received skin/muscle incision but no retraction.No surgery was operated on C group. Pain behavior was assessed by mechanical paw withdrawal threshold(MWT)to von Frey filament stimulation before and 1,3,7,12,22 and 32 days after operation.The effects of spatial learning and memory function were assessed by Morris water-maze test at 33 days after operation. Results Mechanical paw withdrawal threshold of group SMIR decreased 1 day after operation (P<0.05)and showed no significant difference before and 3,7,12,22,32 days after operation in 3 groups(P >0.05). In Morris water-maze test,compared with Sham and C group,the average escape latency in SMIR was sig-nificantly longer in the water maze navigation experiment(P < 0.01);the ratios of time and path in the quadrant of the platform were obviously lower in SMIR(P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference between sham and C group(P>0.05).Conclusion SMIR did not cause chronic pain but may cause a decrease in the ability of spatial learning and memory in immature rats.

Objective:To investigate the status of anticipatory grief among the main caregivers of maintenance hemodialysis patients, and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:From April 2021 to July 2021, the main caregivers of 180 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in Xiangdong Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University and Liling Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Hunan Province, were selected by convenience sampling method for the research object. The survey was carried out using the General Information Questionnaire, the Anticipatory Grief Scale and the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview, multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of anticipatory grief in the main caregivers of maintenance hemodialysis patients.Results:The total score of Anticipatory Grief Scale in the main caregivers of maintenance hemodialysis patients was 84.43±12.02, and the total score of Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview was 24.92 ± 7.98, which were positively correlated ( r = 0.557, P<0.01).In the multiple linear regression analysis, the caregiver ′s education level, age, gender, care burden and per capita monthly income and the patient ′s age were the influencing factors of anticipatory grief for the main caregivers of maintenance hemodialysis patients ( t values were -5.54-8.75, all P<0.05), which could explain 54.1% of the total variance. Conclusions:The anticipatory grief of the main caregivers of maintenance hemodialysis patients is at a relatively serious level. Medical care should pay more attention to the caregivers and their sadness in their communication, so as to detect problems in time, so as to take targeted measures to the current situation, which is effective to improve their level of grief and improve the quality of care.

For the safety problems of internal medicine intravenous infusion,we carry out meticulous management,establish quality control system of intravenous infusion safety management,and formulate quality control plan.We collect and analyse the potential unsafety factors in the various departments of internal medicine.We have revised the intravenous infusion system and procedures,formulated standards for safety inspection of intravenous fluids,and standardized the admission system for nurses.We carry out training on intravenous infusion related knowledge for nursing staff,carry out meticulous management of venous transfusion links,and actively carry out learning and communication.All these measures have greatly enhanced the safety awareness of the nursing staff.The safety index of intravenous infusion for liver diseases was preliminarily summarized.The use rate of the safe indwelling needle was increased from 30.60％ to 92.30％,the rate of appropriate rate of drop speed increased from 68.45％ to 93.20％,the three sign standard rate rose from 75.20％ to 95.10％,and the patient's satisfaction with infusion increased from 85.60％ to 96.82％.Meticulous management can improve the safety of the internal medicine intravenous infusion as a whole.

Objective　To examine the use of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale for prediction of cognitive outcome.Methods　Data from 286 elderly patients who had performed cognitive assessment twice or more were obtained retrospectively,and divided into Normal Control (NC),Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia groups according to their baseline performance.The correlations between each item scores of MoCA and total score change at follow up were compared within groups.Results　Total score change was significantly correlated to the MMSE,cube,attention and subtraction in NC group;visuospatial/executive,clock-hands and digit-backward in MCI group;and abstraction in dementia group.Conclusion　Cognitive prognosis is influenced by the course of disease,interventions,learning effect and regression to the mean.Executive function decline can be considered as the early sign of Alzheimer’s disease.