BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) has extensive pharmacological basis for the treatment of cerebral ischemic injury, and animal experiments for treatment of brain injury by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation are ongoing. However, little is reported about the combined use of PNS and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of PNS combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation on traumatic brain injury in rats.
METHODS:Traumatic brain injury models were made in 60 Sprague-Dawley rats by hydraulic shock method. Then, model rats were randomized into model group, cel transplantation group receiving bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation and combined treatment group undergoing PNS combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation. Nerve function recovery of the rats and protein expression of nerve growth factor in the brain tissue were evaluated and detected by Bederson scoring and western blot methods, respectively. Morphological changes of the brain tissue and apoptosis in cortical neurons were observed and detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining and TUNEL, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Highest Bederson score was found in the model group, fol owed by the cel transplantation group and combined treatment group (P<0.05), while the protein expression of nerve growth factor was ranked as fol ows:the combined treatment group>the cel transplantation group>the model group (P<0.05). Inflammatory infiltration and brain edema in the brain were relieved markedly in the combined treatment group compared with the other two groups, and the number of apoptotic neurons was significantly reduced as wel . Our findings suggest that PNS combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation can promote neurological recovery from traumatic brain injury by increasing the expression of nerve growth factor and reducing neuronal apoptosis.

Objective:Through the analysis of the influence indicators of average hospitalization and comparison of differences of these indicators among different clinical departments in a hospital, to evaluate the medical quality and management level of the hospital and provide scientific reference for improving the hospital management efficiency and benefits.Methods:Gender, age and the type of medical insurance were analyzed using the chi square test. The length of hospital stay through 2009 to 2013 were analyzed using F test for patients of different insurance type and using t test for patients from different departments. All tests were completed using SPSS18.0.Results: The average hospital stay was decreasing year by year. Compared with the overall average length of stay, the patients who pay free were stay longer in hospital except for a small number of departments of internal medicine. Besides, the severe cases also prolonged the average length of stay in hospital.Conclusion: To effectively control the average length of stay, the Physicians Examination in Three Levels should be strictly implemented and the information management system should be used scientifically. Reasonable measures should be taken to solve the existing problems.

Objective To study the effects of different stimulators on the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs),and to evaluate the effects of the culture supernatant of activated PBMCs,named conditioned media (CM),on the proliferation of and production of MMPs by cultured human fibroblasts.Methods PBMCs were isolated from the venous blood samples of healthy volunteers and divided into three groups to be stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA group),the combination of antibodies against CD3 and CD28 (double-antibody group),or the RPMI 1640 medium containing 10％ fetal calf serum (control group).After 72-hour stimulation,CM was collected from all the three groups,diluted to several different degrees.Cultured human fibroblasts were classified into several groups to be treated with different dilutions of CM from the three groups for 48 or 24 hours,with the fibroblasts untreated with CM serving as the control group.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate cellular proliferative activity,semi-quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR to detect the expressions of MMP-1,MMP-3 and MMP-9 mRNAs in cells,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the levels of interleukin (IL)-6,MMP-1,MMP-3 and MMP-9 proteins in the culture supernatant of cells.Statistical analysis was carried out mainly by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA),Tukey HSD test,and GamesHowell test.Results Compared with the control group,the PHA group showed increased cellular proliferative activity,IL-6 and MMP-3 protein levels in the culture supernatant of activated PBMCs (all P ＜ 0.05).Significant differences were observed among the PHA group,double-antibody group and control group in the relative mRNA expression level (expressed as the ratio of target mRNA to β-actin mRNA) of MMP-1 in activated PBMCs (0.083 ± 0.016 vs.0.188 ± 0.030 vs.0.714 ± 0.104,F =85.905,P ＜ 0.05),but neither MMP-3 nor MMP-9 mRNA was expressed by activated PBMCs.MMP-3 protein was detectable in the culture supernatant of fibroblasts after the treatment with CM,and the level of MMP-3 protein was highest in that of fibroblasts treated with undiluted CM,and lowest with 1/10 diluted CM;at the same dilutions,the level of MMP-3 protein was highest in the culture supernatant of fibroblasts treated with CM from the PHA group,but lowest with that from the control group.Neither MMP-1 nor MMP-9 protein was detected in the culture supernatant of activated PBMCs or treated fibroblasts.There were no significant differences in cellular proliferative activity of and mRNA expressions of MMP-1 or MMP-3 in fibroblasts among these groups (all P ＞ 0.05),and MMP-9 mRNA expression was undetected in the treated fibroblasts.Conclusions PBMCs can be induced to express MMP-1 mRNA and secret MMP-3 protein after activation.However,the culture supernatant of activated PBMCs has no capacity to stimulate the expressions of MMP-1,MMP-3 and MMP-9 mRNAs or proteins by fibroblasts,suggesting that inflammatory cells may function through self-production of MMPs.

Objective To investigate the intakes of dietary nutrients and the growth and development status among children with autism,to propose scientific basis for developing further interventions.Methods Dietary intakes of nutrients were obtained with the method of 24-hour dietary review for 3 days.Meanwhile,the height and weight were detected among the subjects;Z-score was also adopted to evaluate nutritional status.Results 1.About 31.5% of the 111 cases with autism were overweight or obesity and 8.1% of the children were acute or chronic malnutrition.2.The intakes of 11 nutrients were insufficient,especially VA,VC,VB6,folate,calcium and zinc,had a serious shortage that less than 60% of the recommended intakes.3.The crowd was widespread lack of nutrients,39.6% of the cases with nutritional deficiency in varying degrees,the incidences of calcium and zinc deficiency were reach up to 88%.Conclusions The nutritional deficiency and overnutrition were simultaneous among the children with autism,their dietary nutritional supplement were generally inadequate.More sufficient measures and rational diet are necessary to improve the nutritional status for the autistic children.

Objective To summarize the experience with adapalene in the treatment of ache vulgaris and to provide a clue to improve the clinical use of adapalene in ache vulgaris. Methods Chinese literature over the past ten years related to the evaluation of efficacy and safety of 0.1% adapalene gel in acne vulgaris were searched and assessed. Results Combination therapy with 0.1% adapalene was more effective than monotherapy with it. The efficacy of adapalene gel was higher than that of non-tretinoin topical agents, but equivalent to that of other tretinoins. Furthermore, the incidence of adverse events was lower for adapalene than for other tretinoin formulations. Conclusions Adapalene is safe and effective for the treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris, and can be used as monotherapy, maintenance treatment, or in combination therapy of acne vulgaris.

Objective To analyse the clinical and therapeutic features as well as laboratory findings in bullous pemphigoid with non-bullous lesions as initial manifestation. Methods Clinical data on 34 cases of bullous pemphigoid with non-bullous lesions as initial manifestation were retrospectively analyzed. Results The male to female ratio was 1.83 :1, with a mean age of onset at 59.79±15.63 years. Before typical bullae appeared, patients presented with erythema, papules, papulovesicles' plaques" wheals, nodules,or erythema muitiforme-like lesions, with the most common lesions being erythematous papules and plaques (occumng in 35.29% of these patients). Conclusions Among these patients, nearly 1/3 displayed various skin lesions at the onset; simultaneous erythematous papules and plaques are the most common initial manifestation.

Objective To evaluate the robustness of body mass index (BMI) adapted tube current selection method for obtaining consistent image quality in MSCT coronary artery imaging Methods Initially one hundred patients in the control group ( C group) underwent cardiac scans using GE 64-row VCT with standard scan protocol (640 mA, 120 kV, 0.35 see, body bewtie, C2 filter). Noise measurement was obtained for each patient using the average of three consecutive slices in the ascending aorta with ROI of 10 mm×10 mm to establish the relationship between BMI, desired image noise (IN) and required mA. An excel table was established to predict the required mA to achieve a desired IN for each patient with different BMI. A second group of one hundred cardiac patients (L group) was scanned with BMI-aclapted mA from the table to evaluate the practicability of this method. BMI, IN, CT dose index(CTDI),effective dose (ED) were all recorded. Results For the control group of 100 patients, the mean values and standard deviations of image quality score (IQS), BMI, IN and ED were 3.71±0.54, 25.08±2.63, 24.56±5.03 and (17.63±1.68 ) mSv (with range of 15-22 msy). Regression analysis indicated linear relationship between BMI and image noise with fixed mA. Using the relationship between tube current and image noise and noise ratio between large bowtie and cardiac bowtie, the following equation for the required tube current Xma to achieve present image noise of Ins for patient with certain BMI value when using cardiac bowtie could be then obtained: Xma = Fma×( k1 x BMI + c1 )/Ina]2, where Fma = 640 mA, k1 = 1. 033, c1 = - 3.2, Ins = 27 in the study. (2) For the patients in L group, the mean values and standard deviations of IQS, BMI, and IN were 3.69±0.53, 25.07±2.91, and 26.61±3.44, respectively. The average tube current used was (469.95±113.45) mA, depending on patient's BMI values. The average effectively dose was(9.08±2.25) mSv. There was no statistically difference between the two groups in image quality( F= 0.068,P=0.794). Conclusions In 64-MSCT cardiac imaging, the use of BMI dependent tube current selection method, in conjunction with dose reduction techniques, can provide individualized scan protocol to obtain consistent image quality across patient population and to optimize dose delivery to patients.

BACKGROUND:Schwann cell is one of the major seed cells In peripheral nervous system and plays an important role in neural injury and neural disease.However,the source of Schwann cells is limited.And the purity of Schwann cells is affected due to the pollution of fibroblasts.Many purified methods have been proposed,but every one has its defect to satisfy the clinical demand.OBJECTIVE:To compare the differences among differential adhesion purified method,cold jet purified method,immunomagnetic beads selection purified method and G418 selection purified method to purify Schwann cells of neonatal rat in vitro.METHODS:Bilateral sciatic nerves of SD rats were harvested under sterile condition.Schwann cells were purified respectively using differential adhesion purified method,cold jet purified method,immunomagnetic beads selection purified method and G418 selection purified method.Cell viability was compared,and cell purity was determined by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The purity of Schwann cells separated by differential adhesion method was low,but the viability was fair.The purity and viability of cells following cold jet method immunomagnetic beads selection method was high.The purity of cells separated by immunomagnetic beads selection methods was similar to that of cold jet method immunomagnetic beads selection method,but the cell viability was worse.The cell viability following G418 selection method was bad,but the purity was high.

Objective To find out the brain function characters of visual information integration and visual working memory with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children. Methods 1∶ 1 case-control study was used on the study. 45 ADHD children who met DSM-IV criteria were recruited as case group,45 normal children from primary school were chosen as control group. Two groups children received the test of contour-integration,positional noise, temporal order memory, pattern memory. Results The ADHD double eyes' contour integration ( ( 1.62 ± 0. 81 ), ( 1.69 ± 0.87 ) ) were significantly lower than the control group' ( (2.02 ± 1.10), ( 1.98 ±0.81 )). There was no significant difference of double eyes' positional noise between case group( (1.98 ±0.89 ), ( 2.20 ± 1.10 ) ) and the control group ( ( 2.20 ± 0. 97 ), ( 2.30 ± 0. 83 ) ). The temporal order memory,pattern memory ( ( 1.89 ± 1.30), ( 1.18 ± 0.44) ) showed significantly lower in case group(P＜ 0.05 ) than that in control group ( ( 2.98 ± 1.25 ), ( 1. 44 ± 0. 66) ). Conclusion Results indicate that children with ADHD have deficiency in visual perception and the ability of visual information integration, and have significantly deficiency in visual working memory and executive-function.