Objective　To study the effects of super-selected internal iliac artery incubation in the treatment of advanced gynecological malignant tumors. Methods　36 cases of advanced gynecological malignant tumors (16 ovarian carcinoma, 13 cervical carcinoma, 3 vaginal carcinoma, 2 endometrial carcinoma, 1 choriocarcinoma and 1 leiomyosarcoma of uterus) were treated with this method for 48 times. 31 of these 48 times were embolized in bilateral iliac arteries, 13,2 and 1 cases the inferior mesenteric artery, the hepatic proper artery and the ovarian artery were embolized respectively. Results　4 cases showed complete response, 23 showed partial response, no change in 5 cases and in the rest 4 cases the disease was still in progress. The main side effects were slight gastro-intestinal reactions and embolism symptoms but no incubation complication occurred. Conclusion　The super-selected artery of incubation will give high local density of chemotherapeutic drugs and low concentration in general circulation. The effects are better in cervical, endometrial and vaginal carcinomas than in ovarian carcinoma.

With the advent of continuous development of radiofrequency ablation(RFA), this technique has been increasingly used in the treatment of renal cell carcinomas during recent years, with a significant therapeutic effect clinically. RFA is characteristic with the advantages of safety, convenience, minimal invasion, less complications and suffering. The improvement of the electrode needle, the radiofrequency techniques and the combination of other treatments are the key of the development of RFA in the near future. And more reasonable criteria for evaluating the therapeutic effects including imaging techniques are also needed to be set up.

Percutaneous vertebroplasty is widely used as a treatment for painful osteoporotic compression fractures and malignant osteolytic tumors. Although the procedure appears to provide dramatic pain relief promote life quality but also with some complications. Additional adjacent vertebral body fracture are frequently reported after vertebroplasty but the cause relationship between the procedure and new-onset vertebral fracture remains unknown. New compression fractures following percutaneous vertebroplasty may not be a complication of the procedure itself, but rather as a part of the course of underlying pathology. The crucial point of discussion in this paper is whether vertebroplasty predisposes the development of additional vertebral fractures, at a rate higher than that seen in the absence of vertebroplasty, but no definitive answer to this question is yet to come. This review explores and attempts to comprehend the data both of supporting and refuting a relationship between vertebroplasty and the development of subsequent fractures.

Adrenal gland vein sampling is an interventional method to get the blood samples from the adrenal gland vein. The blood is obtained via a catheter which is selectively inserted in the adrenal gland vein. This technique is mainly used to be diagnostic for primary hyperaldosteronism. A full knowledge of the anatomy and variations of the adrenal gland vein, serious preoperative preparation and skilled catheterization manipulation are necessary for obtaining sufficient blood sample and for reducing the occurrence of complications. Providing the physicians with definite diagnostic evidence and being technically feasible, adrenal gland vein sampling should become one of the routine examinations for clarifying the cause of primary hyperaldosteronism.

Interventional techniques have been applicated extensively in the treatment of gynaecologic and obsterics diseases, such as the embolization therapy of the postpartum massive hemorrhage, uterine fibroids and adenomyosis, interventions of fallopian tube pregnancy etc. Though the advantages of interventional techniques in the treatment of gynaecologic and obsterics diseases are obviously revealed and accepted, the strict indication and regular maneuver to reduce the complications are still to be emphasized. (J Intervent Radiol, 2006, 15: 257-258)

The rather serious compliation of vertebroplasty is caused by bone cement leakage into adjacent structure but recent research suggests that even without cement leakage during vertebroplasty,patients could also experience with cardiovascular changes sometimes. Cytotoxicity of bone cement,nervous reflex,fat embolism and alteration of intravertebral pressure may be responsible for these changes. (J Intervent Radiol,2006,15: 377-381)

Based on the review of development course of interventional radiology in China during the period of more than twenty years, to analyse emphatically the main problems impeding the continuous development of interventional radiology, included the branch position of "Interventional Radiology" not be defined clearly in the medicines, the professional association not to do its best in the management and guidance, the professional quality of the personnel not to be properly trained, as well as the insufficiencies of foundation and experimental studies, etc. And in this paper, the corresponding countermeasures of solving those problems have been primarily explored by the authors, and pointed out as follows: to improve perfectly the branch construction of the "Interventional Radiology" and the training system of special personnel; to raise the grade and function of the professional association and periodical; to lay stress on the foundation and experimental studies; to further deepen the clinical study and correctly deal with the relation between this branch and the other clinical departments, etc.

Objective To analyze X-ray plain film and CT signs of giant cell tumor of bone.Methods Imaging findings of giant cell tumor in 53 cases proved surgically and pathologically were retrospectively analyzed.Results 39 cases appeared as expensive cystic and eccentric destruction,osteolytic destruction 14 cases.Bone crests were usually seen in (39/53).Most of lesions did not have bone septations on CT image.The borders of destructive bone were clear and existed complete or incomplete sclerotic borders in 19 on CT image.The inner soft tissues of lesions were heterogeneous in most of the cases.Fluid-fluid level could be seen in 11 cases.The soft tissue masses outside the bone were demonstrated in the majority cases with discontinuous bone shell.Conclusion CT is more helpful than X-ray plain films in diagnosis of giant cell tumor of bone.

Purpose:To observe the efficacy of capecitabi ne combined with the transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in late-stag e primary hepatic carcinoma.Methods:62 patients of late-stage hepatic carcinoma (TNM: Ⅱ- Ⅳ) were divided into two groups at random:①Simple TACE group: 30 cases;②capec itabine+TACE group:32 cases were given additional oral capecitabine for 14 days the next day after TACE therapy. All the patients were followed for two years.Th e median survival time, the average survival time of dead patients, the 1-year survival rate and the second-stage surgical resection rate of the two groups we re compared. Results:The median survival time of capecitabine+TACE group was 14.5 months, the 1-year survival rate 75%, the second-stage surgical resectio n rate 25%; the TACE group was 6 months,39.3%,6.7% ,respectively. The difference was significant (P