Objective To observe the efficiency of immunotherapy on allergic rhinitis and explore irs correla- tive factors.Methods 185 patients with AR were treated with immunotherapy in this department between 1993 and 2003.Specific allergens were selected through skin test.The patients were given subcutaneous injections with al- lergen extract produced by Xiehe Hospital.The doses were gradually increased to the maintenance dose.The clinical effectiveness evaluation based on the symptoms and signs before and after immunotherapy was judged as marked, moderated and poor response.The possihie factors which affected the efficacy of immunotherapy were selected.These factors included sex,age,illness duration,disease condition,chronic sinusitis,asthma,duration of immunotherapy and reaction condition of the skin test.The correlative factors with efficacy were sifted with multifactorial stepwise re- gression analysis.Results The marked,moderated and poor responses were 22.9 %,51.7 %,and 25.4 % respective- ly.The efficacy of immunotherapy correlated well with the duration of immunotherapy(P

Objective To discuss the histology change,apoptosis state and Bcl-2,Bax expression after the bone cement leakage into the intervertebral disc in vertebroplasty.Methods Eight majority canis familiaris were studied.Three lumbar intervertebral discs(L2 to L5)in each dog were randomly classified into three groups(control group,PMMA group,and CPC group),the canine discs were stabbed by 18-gauge needle,and 0.1 ml cement was injected into them.Control discs were only stabbed and injected with nothing.Histology of all discs was studied 24 weeks after the operation.Terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling(TUNEL)and immunohistochemisty were used to detect apoptosis and Bcl-2,Bax expression in the discs.The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 12.0.Results Intervertebral disc degeneration was not found in control groups.In bone cement groups,however,ruptured or serpentine patterned fibers,decreased cellularity of the nucleus pulposus and condensed matrix of the nucleus pulposus were found in histologic results.The Bax protein decreased in the order of control group, CPC group,and PMMA group.However,the Bcl-2 protein increased in the order of control group,CPC group,and PMMA group.The histology grade was significantly different among the three groups under ANOVA analysis(P

ObjectiveTo assess the effects of constraint-induced movement therapy(CIMT) on sub-acute stroke patients with upper extremity motor dysfunction.Methods63 patients with hemiplegia after stroke were divided into two groups: control group(31 cases) and CIMT group(32 casese). The two groups received the regular rehabilitation training for 14 d. Then the control group went on the the regular rehabilitation training, while the CIMT group received CIMT for 14 d. All patients were assessed by the Action Research Arm Test(ARAT) and Fugl-Meyer(FMA) on the first day, the 15th day and the 30th day after the treatment.ResultsARAT score and FMA scores were higher in CIMT group than in the control group 30 d after the treatment and in CIMT group 15 days after the treatment(P<0.001).ConclusionCIMT is more effective to improve the upper limb motor function of the sub-acute stroke patients than the regular rehabilitation training.

ObjectiveToinvestigatethekidneyyangdeficiencyconstitutionandhypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal ( HPA) axis dysfunction in Lewis rats .Method Two kidney yang deficiency models were established by subcutaneous injection of hydrocortisone and by adrenalectomy to induce hypothalamic -pituitary-adrenal ( HPA) axis dysfunction in Lewis rats.Wistar rats were used as control and compared with the two types of Lewis rat models of kidney yang deficiency .The degree of kidney yang deficiency of the Lewis rats was evaluated by examination and detection of the general signs , behavior , and neuroendocrine function , and so on .Result Compared with the normal Wistar rats , the body weight of Lewis rats was significantly higher than that of Wistar rats at the same age .The body temperature , urine volume and grip strength were significantly lower than those of Wistar rats ( P<0.01 for all ) .The memory ability of the Lewis rats was slightly decreased.The liver, kidney and adrenal indexes were significantly decreased in the Lewis rats (P<0.01).The levels of serum ACTH, CRH, cGMP, Cort and urine 17OHCS were significantly decreased (P<0.01).Conclusion A very slight deficiency of adrenal cortex function of Lewis rats is caused by genetic inheritance , and Lewis rats have the constitution of congenital kidney yang deficiency ( criticality or prophase of kidney yang deficiency ) .

Inorganic/polymer hybrid star polylactic acid (POSS-PLA) was obtained through ring-opening polymerization of lactide by using polyhydroxyl cage silsesquioxane (POSS-OH) as the core and tin (II) octoate as the catalyst. The star polylactic acid (POSS-PLA) was used to modify sodium alginate hydrophobically and a drug carrier was obtained. The drug release behavior was investigated by using ibuprofen as the model drug. The results showed that the drug loading rate could be improved and the release rate was postponed with an increase of POSS-PLA content in the carries. The release mechanism gradually changed from the first-order to the zero-order pattern after the modification.
Alginates ; chemistry ; Biocompatible Materials ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Glucuronic Acid ; chemistry ; Hexuronic Acids ; chemistry ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Ibuprofen ; administration & dosage ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Microspheres ; Nanostructures ; ultrastructure ; Polyesters ; Polymers ; chemistry

BACKGROUNDPseudoaneurysms (PAs) are common vascular abnormalities predominantly arising from a disruption in the integrity of the arterial wall. The potential complications of PAs are usually unpredictable and carry high rates of morbidity and mortality. This paper presents our experience with various treatment strategies for PAs.

METHODSFifty-four patients with 55 PAs were diagnosed by non-invasive imaging examination. The etiology of PAs included trauma (33/55), infection (5/55), iatrogenic (6/55), and idiopathic (11/55). Different procedures including ultrasound (US)-guided compression, endovascular treatment, and surgery were performed depending on the location of PAs, size of the sac and neck, and characteristics of the donor artery. The methods of endovascular treatment included embolization of parent artery, the PA sac, or implantation of a stent-graft. Follow-up was performed using US or CT and ranged from 1 day to 24 months (average 16.7 months).

RESULTSIn all 54 patients, 3 patients with superficial PAs were treated by US-guided compression, while 44 patients with 45 PAs located in the head and neck (n = 20), viscera (n = 10) or extremities (n = 15) were treated by endovascular treatment. Nine patients with PAs located in the head and neck (n = 2) or extremities (n = 7) were treated by surgery. Among them, one patient underwent endovascular treatment combined with surgery and 1 was treated by surgery after unsuccessful US-guided compression. In the 3 patients treated with US-guided compression, 2 were successfully treated while the remaining patient required additional surgery. Primary technical success of endovascular management was 97.7% (43/44) and the cure rate was 95.5% (42/44). In the surgery group, 4 patients recovered well, 1 patient was cured by endovascular treatment combined with surgery, 2 cases underwent amputation, 1 patient died of multi-organ failure and 1 patient was paralysed.

CONCLUSIONSMinimally invasive interventional techniques are established treatment methods for PA with favorable success rates and minimal morbidity. The therapeutic options should be tailored to the location, size and rupture risk of PA, condition of the donor artery and existing comorbidity.

Adult ; Aneurysm, False ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of incorporating three different zinc oxide (ZnO) on the antibacterial activity of composite resin.

METHODSThe minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of nano-ZnO, tetrapod-like zinc oxide whiskers (T-ZnOw), micro-ZnO against Streptococcus mutans were examined by the broth dilution test. Then the three different ZnO were added to the powder of one kind of bicomponent self-cured composite resin at 5% respectively, and the antibacterial activities of the resin specimens were evaluated using the membrane covering method before and after 3-month accelerating aging.

RESULTSThe MIC values of the three different ZnO against Streptococcus mutans were 78.13, 312.50 and 1 250.00 microg/mL respectively and the MBC values were 156.25, 625.00, 1,250.00 microg/mL respectively. The antibacterial ratios of the resin specimens incorporating with 5% of the three different ZnO were (93.58+/-5.95)%, (89.42+/-4.11)% and (78.97+/-3.90)% respectively, while after 3-month accelerating aging those were (89.01+/-7.91)%, (84.63+/-4.72)% and (72.27+/-3.89)%.

CONCLUSIONThe three different ZnO could improve the antibacterial activity of the composite resin. The nano-ZnO exhibit the strongest antibacterial activity, while the micro-ZnO weakest. The T-ZnOw presents comparatively strong antibacterial activity although with smaller specific surface area.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Composite Resins ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Streptococcus mutans ; Zinc Oxide

Objective To investigate the incidence and the prognosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) and to find out the risk factors associated with the outcome for better understanding and preventing AKI among inpatients. Methods All the hospitalized patients were screened by Lab Administration Network of Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from Jan.to Dec.2009.Study cohort was comprised of all the patients with AKI defined by Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) and with complete clinical data recorded.The incidence,etiology and distribution characteristics, prognosis of AKI in hospitalized patients were retrospectively analyzed.Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors of patients and renal outcome. Results A total of 934 patients with AKI were enrolled.The incidence of AKI in hospitalized patients was 2.41％ (934/38 734).The ratio of male to female was 1.88∶1.Age was (60.82±16.94) years old.Increasing incidence could be seen with age rising.There was 63.4％ AKI found in surgical department,35.4％ in internal medicine department and 1.2％ in obstetric and gynecologic department.Pre-AKI,acute tubular necrosis (ATN),acute glomerular and renal vascular injury (AGV),acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and post-AKI were accounted for 51.7％,37.7％,3.8％,3.5％ and 3.3％ of the causes of AKI,respectively.On day 28,the survival rate was 71.8％,complete renal recovery rate was 65.7％,partial renal recovery rate was 16.9％ and renal loss rate was 17.4％ among all the patients with AKI.The mortality of AKI with stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ among inpatients was 24.8％,31.2％ and 43.7％ respectively.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that renal injury drugs [odds ratio (OR)=2.313],hypotension (OR=4.482),oliguria (OR =5.267),the number of failure organs except kidney (OR =1.376) and requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT)(OR=4.221) were independent risk factors for death among AKI patients.The number of failure organs except kidney (OR=1.529) and RRT (OR=2.117) were independent risk factors for kidney loss. Conclusions AKI is one of the most common complications in hospitalized patients.The mortality is high and renal outcome is poor after AKI.The prognosis is closely associated with the severity of AKI.Renal injury drugs,hypotension,oliguria,the number of failure organs except kidney and requiring RRT are independent risk factors for death among AKI patients,while the number of failure organs except kidney and requiring RRT are independent risk.factors for renal loss.

Bariatric Surgery ; methods ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Ghrelin ; blood ; Humans ; Obesity ; blood ; surgery ; therapy

Objective To explore the protective effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons induced by L-dopa via JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Methods PC12 cells were induced to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons with 100 μg/L β-NGF; MTT assay was employed to identify the changes in the viability of PC12 cells following L-dopa treatment at 0, 10,20, 50, 100, 150 and 200 μmol/L, and the different concentrations of IGF-1 at 0, 10, 25, 50 and 100 nmol/L with the same concentration of L-dopa (150 μmol/L); Western blotting was used to detect the levels of P-JAK2/P-STAT3 in PC12 cells treated with PBS (controls), L-dopa, L-dopa+IGF-1 and L-dopa+IGF-1+AG490 for 24 h, and then the apoptosis rate was assessed by flow cytometry and Hchest33258 staining. Results Western blotting showed that the expressions of P-JAK2 and P-STAT3 were detected in the L-dopa+IGF-1 and L-dopa+IGF-1+AG490 treatment groups but not in the control group or L-dopa treatment group; the expression of P-STAT3 in the L-dopa+IGF-1+AG490 treatment group was obviously lower than that in the L-dopa+IGF-1 treatment group (P<0.05). Hchest33258 staining indicated that L-dopa treatment group had the most obvious karyopyknosis and karyorrhexis,much more apoptotic bodies than the L-dopa+IGF-1 and L-dopa+IGF-1+AG490 treatment groups. Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate was significantly different among the 4 groups (F=180.991,P=0.000): as compared with the control group, the other 3 groups had a higher apoptosis rate (P<0.05);L-dopa treatment group (38.13 ±2.54 %) enjoyed the highest level, followed by L-dopa+IGF-1 +AG490treatment group (25.60±1.30 %) and L-dopa+IGF-1 treatment group (20.17±1.54 %). Conclusion L-dopa has toxic effect on PC12 cells; IGF-1 could protect the PC12 cells from the neurotoxic effect of L-dopa and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway is activated in this procedure.