AIM: To investigate the pathogenic factors and prevention and cure of drug-induced renal damageMETHODS:According to the clinical manifestations,110 cases of drug-induced renal damage were divided into two types∶one type had acute renal failure(ARF),another had hematuria and proteinuria but no ARFOf 110 cases,65(32 ARF)were treated with glutathione,45(31 ARF) as controlRESULTS:Of 110 cases,49(472%)had received more than two kinds of nephrotoxic agents,72(655%) had had fever and had received antibiotics or dehydrantsThe effective rates for ARF in above-mentioned two groups were 906% and 645% respectivelyThe effective rates for hematuria and proteinuria were 848% and 572% respectively with significant difference(P

Objective To understand the status of malaria prevalence in Shanghai,so as to provide the evidence for evaluat-ing and promoting malaria elimination. Methods The data of population,malaria endemic and monitoring in Shanghai from 2005 to 2012 were collected and analyzed. The malaria positive rates in febrile patients and normal population,the malaria antibody lev-els of the floating population and location pupils,and the species and density of mosquitoes were investigated and the results were analyzed. Results The blood examples from 400 177 febrile patients with 0.36%of the total population were examined for malar-ia,and the annual rates of blood examination varied from 0.15%to 0.83%in the period of 2005 to 2012. Before 2010,the annual blood examination rate was lower than 0.20%,but increased significantly since 2010 because of the implementation of the Action of Malaria Elimination in Shanghai from 2010 to 2020. Totally 604 malaria cases were found and the positive rate of blood examina-tion was 0.15%. During the period of 2006 to 2008,more than 100 malaria cases were found every year,but the number of malaria cases decreased since 2009,and only 26 cases was found in 2012. Since 2011,all the malaria cases have been found infected out of China according to the questionnaire investigation. The malaria positive rate of blood examinations decreased from 0.61% to 0.03%yearly. The proportion of local residents who had the blood examination was 79.02%,but that of the malaria positive in float-ing population was 83.44%. The active case detection was carried out in 15 759 persons and five cases were found in 2007 and 2008,respectively. The level of malaria antibody was tested in 1 239 440 floating population with the average positive rate of 0.04%. The level of malaria antibody was also tested in 7 065 local pupils but there was no positive for malaria. Only Anopheles si-nensis was found in Shanghai suburb,but no other Anopheles mosquitoes were found at the city or towns. The peak of Anopheles den- sity was from the end of July to August. Conclusions Malaria surveillance is carried out efficiently in Shanghai,and the result shows Shanghai is in the phase of malaria elimination. The more attention should be paid to persons coming from malaria endemic areas for the malaria blood examination and the general and advanced hospital should maintain the ability of malaria blood exami-nations simultaneously.

The distribution of GABA-containing neurons in the anterior horn of L_(4～5) segments of rat spinal cord and their relationship with somatic efferent were studied by combined method of HRP and immunocytochemistry and immunoelectron microscopic method. The results showed that under light microscope, the GABA-immunoreactive cell bodies and terminals were seen in all layers of the anterior horn including Rexed′s layer IX which located in the anterolateral part of the anterior horn. The GABA-positive neurons had round or triangle cell body with many processes and could be divided into two (large and medium) types. Under electron microscope, GABA-immunoreactive products appeared as small granular deposits located in perikarya, dendrite and axon. In axon terminals the immunoreactive products located at periphery of the synaptic vesicles and on the outer membrane of the mitochondria. The GABA-positive dendrites received symmetrical afferent synapses from GABA-positive or negative axon terminals. The combined method of HRP and immunocytochemistry showed that in Rexed′s layer IX there were HRP single labeled neurons, GABA single labeled neurons and HRP/GABA double labeled neurons. The double labeled neurons accounted for 79% of total HRP labeled cells. Above mentioned results first identified the neurons in Rexed′s layer IX of the anterior horn contain GABA which participate in somatic efferent and receive autoregulation from GABA-neurons and nonGABA-neurons at synaptic level.

This paper introduces the design and implementation of Bluetooth wireless management and monitoring system. Combined with hospital information system, this system replaces the current monitoring system in hospital, and thus the efficiency of hospital can be improved.

Objective To investigate the influence of common X-ray, two-dimensional computed tomography (2D-CT), spiral computed tomography (SCT), and three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction on the classification in displaced proximal humeral fractures. Methods Three groups were divided on the basis of various imaging methods, including group A (common X-ray), group B (common X-ray and 2D-CT), and group C (3-D reconstruction of SCT and 2D-SCT). 46 cases of displaced proximal humeral fractures were classified with Neer system. The true rate of fracture classification by use of three methods was compared with each other, and clinical significance of SCT and 3-D reconstruction was evaluated.Results Based on operation, 46 cases of displaced proximal humeral fractures in group A included 26 cases of Neer two-part fractures, 13 cases of three-part fractures, and 7 cases of four-part fractures. The true cases of common X-ray were 22 in Neer two-part fractures and 8 in three and four-part fractures, there was significant difference between Neer two-part fractures and Neer three and four-part fractures (P

Objective To investigate the clinical value of spiral computerized tomographic shaded surface display (SSD) and multiplanar(MPR) imaging of complex shoulder fractures. Methods Twenty four cases of complex shoulder fractures including 16 cases with displaced proximal humeral fractures and 8 cases with displaced fractures of glenoid fossa were examined preoperatively with X ray, 15 cases of them were examined with SSD and MPR. On the basis of X ray or SSD and MPR of SCT all fractures were classified with Neer and modified Ideberg system; the true rate of fracture classification by use of two methods was compared with each other. Results Evidenced by intraperative observation, 10 of 16 displaced proximal humeral fractures cases were Neer three part fractures, 6 were four part fractures cases. Among the 8 cases of glenoid fossa fractures, there were 2 cases of type Ⅲ, 3 cases of type Ⅳ and 3 cases of type Ⅴ. The true rate of SSD and MPR of SCT is 93.3%(14/15) while X rays is 41.7%(10/24); there was significant difference between two methods (Fishers exact test, P=0.02). All SSD and MPR of SCT play an important role in the treatment of complex shoulder fractures. Conclusion SSD and MPR of SCT is able to clearly display complex shoulder fractures three dimensionally. It is helpful to correctly classify the fractures, select appropriate surgical approach, prepare surgical instruments and understand the complexity of the fractures.

Objective The aim of this research is to evaluate the influence of nursing intervention on the compliance of patients with dysfunctional uterine bleeding in climacteric period. Methods We divided 96 patients with dysfunctional uterine bleeding in climacteric period from February to December in 2006 into the intervention group and the control group with 48 cases in each group.The control group was given medication instruction simply by the doctors and no nursing intervention.The intervention group was given health education and follow-up supervision.The general information and medical history of patients were registered at the first visit. The medication, adverse effect and effect of drugs were also registered at every visit. All patients were given follow-up visit 3 months later.The medication and visiting compliance and the treatment effect were observed. Results One patients missed follow-up visit in the intervention group and 11 patients missed in the control group.The medication compliance was 87.2% and the visit compliance was 93.6% in the intervention group,which was superior to those of the control group (67.6%,56.8%).The effect of hormone treatment was also better than that of the control group,P ＜ 0.05. Conclusions Nursing intervention couhl improve the compliance and medication effect of patients with dysfunctional uterine bleeding in climacteric period.

Objective To investigate serum leptin and adiponectin levels and their relationship in elderly coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods A total of 88 subjects aged 55 yeas or older were enrolled in which coronary angiograms were performed.The subjects were divided into CAD group (52 patients) and control group (36 patients) by angiography.Serum concentrations of leptin and adiponectin were evaluated by ELISA system.Results Serum concentrations of leptin were significantly increased in CAD group compared with that in control group [(9.38 ±3.51) μg/L vs.(7.27 ±3.25) μg/L,P ＜0.05].On the contrary,serum concentrations of adiponectin were significantly decreased in CAD group compared with that in control group [(11.08 ±3.87) mg/L vs.(13.34 ±4.94) mg/L,P＜0.05].Logistic regression analysis revealed that only serum leptin was the independent risk factor for CAD.Serum adiponectin concentrations had a negative relationship with leptin concentrations (r =-0.320,P =0.002).Conclusion Lower serum adiponectin levels are related to higher serum leptin concentrations.Elevated serum leptin but not decreased serum adiponectin is the independent risk factor for CAD.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effect of androgen deficiency on serum hormone levels, visceral fat accumulation and inflammatory gene expression in miniature pigs fed a high-fat diet ( HFD) . Methods Sexually mature male Chinese Wuzhishan miniature pigs were divided into three groups ( animals/group) as follows:intact male pigs ( SHAM) , castrated male pigs ( CAS) and castrated male pigs plus testosterone treatment ( CAS+T) . The pigs were fed a HFD diet for 12 weeks. Serum levels of testosterone and leptin were measured and visceral fat were dissected and weighted. qRT?PCR was performed to determine the mRNA expression levels of lipogenic, lipolysis and inflammation relat?ed genes. Results (1) Serum testosterone levels were significantly decreased but serum leptin levels were significantly in?creased in the castrated pigs. These effects were recovered after testosterone treatment. ( 2 ) Visceral fat percentage was significantly increased in the castrated pigs, and testosterone treatment reduced the increased visceral fat in the castrated pigs. (3) Castration and testosterone treatment had no significant effects on the expression levels of lipogenic genes (FAS and ACC) and lipolysis genes (HSL and ATGL) in pigs fed a HFD. (5) Castration significantly induced the expressions of inflammatory genes including Leptin, CD68, CCL16, CCL23 and SAA, and testosterone treatment recovered the expres?sions of the above genes in the castrated pigs. Conclusions Castration?induced testosterone deficiency promotes visceral fat accumulation and upregulates the expression levels of inflammatory genes in miniature pigs fed a HFD. Moreover, tes?tosterone treatment ameliorates castration?induced visceral fat accumulation and inflammatory response in HFD?fed pigs.

Objective:To establish a preoperative forecasting model for the nature of duodenal papillary tumors and to discuss its main predictors.Methods:A case-control study was conducted;the case group included patients with malignant duodenal papillary tumors and the control group included patients with benign duodenal papillary tumors.All the patients were from Changhai Hospital. Data of patients,including the demographic characteristics,clinical symptoms during onset,laboratory findings,and radiological data, were collected by face-to-face interviews or by reviewing the medical history.Chi-square,t-test or ANOVA were employed to performed univariate analysis.All factors with P values less than or equal to 0.25 in the univariate analysis were used as independent variables for multivariate analysis,and a Logistic regression forecasting model for the nature of duodenal papillary tumors was established.Results: Totally 199 patients with pathologically-confirmed duodenal papillary tumors were included in the present study,with 166 in the case group and 33 in the control group.Multivariate analysis showed that hemoglobin(Hb),total bilirubin(Tbil),direct bilirubin(Dbil), aspartate transferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(AKP),gamma glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT),and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) were independent predictors for nature of duodenal papillary tumors,with their odds ratios(95% confidence interval)being 0.981 (0.959,1.003),0.867(0.794,0.948),1.207(1.075,1.355),1.028(1.008,1.048),0.996(0.992,1.000),1.002(1.000,1.004),and 0.974(0.953,0.994),respectively.Conclusion:The Logistic regression model,which takes into consideration of Hb,Tbil,Dbil,AST, AKP,GGT,and CEA,can be used to predict the nature of duodenal papillary tumors,and its clinical value need to be further studied.