Recurrent cerebral infarction (RCI) is very common in clinical practice. Intracranial and extracranial vessels diseases closely associate with the recurrence of cerebral infarction. Hypertension, diabetes, high homocysteine, etc., result in vascular stenosis and more in-farction recurrence by atherosclerosis and arterial plaque formation. Study of the etiology of RCI is important for the secondary prevention of cerebral infarction.

The activity of the solubilized receptor was assayed by precipitating the receptor with acetone in the presnce of egg phosphatidyleholine liposomes. It was found that the binding of ~(125)I-LDL to fetal liver receptors rose significantly with the increase of fetal age. During the same period, the total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-eholesterol (LDL-C) levels in fetal serum declined progressively. The correlation between fetal age and concentration of TC and LDL-C were -0.80(P

Objective To evaluate the effects of low tidal-volume ventilation on blood gases and respiratory mechanics during open heart surgery in children with acyanotic congenital heart disease. Methods Forty NYHA class Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients with atrial or ventricular septal defect aged 3-6 yrs weighing 12-18 kg undergoing open heart surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups according to the tidal volume of mechanical ventilation: group A low tidal volume(V_r=7ml?kg~(-1),n=20) and group B conventional tidal volume(V_T=9 ml?kg~(-1), n=20). The respiratory rate(RR) was 21-23 bpm, I: E ratio 1:2 and FiO_2 100% in both groups. The patients were premedicated with intramuscular morphine 0.1 mg?kg~(-1) and scopolamine 0.01 mg?kg~(-1). Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.1 mg?kg~(-1), fentanyl 10 ?g?kg~(-1) and vecuronium 0.1 mg?kg~(-1) and maintained with infusion of fentanyl 4 ?g?kg~(-1)?h~(-1) and vecuronium 80 ?g?kg?h~(-1) supplemented with isoflurane inhalation(

Objective To investigate the clinical effect, influencing factors of 1 280 patients with ureteral calculi undergoing ESWL.Methods The data of 1 280 patients with ureteral calculi treated by ESWL for the first time in our hospital were retrospectively studied.There were 962 males and 318 females,age 23~78 years old,average 45.7 years old.Stones were located in the left ureter in 810 cases and right ureter in 470 cases.All patients were treated with ESWL for the first time.The lithotripsy rate, stone free rate, influencing factors and the incidence of complications after ESWL were compared over follow up period of there months.Results The overall successful fragmentation rate for all levels of stone in single session achieved 97.6%(1 249/1 280).The failure rate was 2.4%(31/1 280).Conclusion ESWL is indicated as a first choice in the treatment for patients with ureteral stones.The concrete impacted in ureteral mucosa is the key cause of failure to ESWl in ureteric stone.Once the fragments has not been cleared after ESWL, it suggests that other therapy modality should be selected.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the pneumatic lithotripsy through ureteroscope for the treatment of ureteral calculi.Methods A total of 920 patients underwent ureteroscopic lithotripsy using pneu-matic lithotripsy 259 upper,375 middle,and 286 lower ureteral stone were treated.Results The overall successful fragmentation rate for all levels of ureteral stones in a single session achieved 94.0% (864 /920),failure rate 6.0%(56 /920).28 cases failed because of ureteral stricture.24 cases of stone moved up into the kidney.All worst -cases were in dewelled shock wave lithotripsy ESWL.Conclusion Ureteroscopic lithotripsy using pneumatic lithotripsy is a highly effective,minimally invasive and safe therapy for ureteral calculi.It is indicated as a first choice for treatment patients with ureteral stones,especially for the ones with the middle and lower uneteral stones.Develop particularly suitable for basic hospital.

Objective To investigate the situation of the activities of daily living(ADL)for elderly people in Changsha,and analyze the influencing factors. Methods Questionnaire survey on ADL was held in 2239 elderly people(ranging from 60 to 91 years old),and the influencing factors including age,sex,family structure,marital status,education level,occupation,common chronic diseases and medical care consciousness were analyzed. Results Going to the toilet irregularly hadthe highest injury rate in physical self-maintenance viability(18.2%).But in instrumental ADL,the highest injury rate occurred while shopping(26.3%).Advanced age,living alone,losing spouse,sickness and the lack of medical care awareness were the major factors that influenced the ADL of the elderly people. Conclusions The ADL is an important indicator which reflects the health condition of elderly people.Advanced age,living alone,losing spouse,having many chronic diseases and lacking in medical care awareness are risk factors.

Objective To study the correlation between the fetal liver volume and gestational age by three-dimensional ultrasound,and to evaluate its clinical significance.Methods Fetal liver volume from 173 normal fetuses,ranging between 22～39 weeks old,was individually measured by three dimensional ultrasound.Results ① The reproducibility of fetal liver volume measurement by three-dimensional ultrasound was well.② The relationship between fetal liver volume and gestational age was linear(r= 0.93,P

Objective·To investigate the effect of early neurodynamic mobilization on the recurrence of sciatica after the minimally invasive surgery-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF). Methods·Fifty-four patients who underwent MIS-TLIF were divided into treatment group (n=28) and control group (n=26). The control group received conventional rehabilitation treatment, while the treatment group received neurodynamic mobilization every day after the first post-operative day. The score of visual analogue scale (VAS) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score were evaluated before and after the treatment. Results·There was no significant difference in the score of VAS or JOA between two groups before the treatment or three months after surgery (P>0.05). The score of VAS was significantly lower (P<0.05), and the JOA score was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the treatment group than in the control group four days after surgery. Conclusion·The early neurodynamic mobilization is effective to decrease the recurrence rate of sciatica in patients underwent MIS-TLIF.

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to investigate the effects of in vitro continuous passaging on the morphological phenotype and differentiation characteristics of mouse hyaline chondrocytes, as well as on the balance of the extracellular matrix (ECM).

METHODSEnzymatic digestion was conducted to isolate mouse hyaline chondrocytes, which expanded over five passages in vitro. Hematoxylin-eosin stain was used to show the changes in chondrocyte morphology. Semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the mRNA changes in the marker genes, routine genes, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) in chondrocytes. Zymography was carried out to elucidate changes in gelatinase activities.

RESULTSAfter continuous expansion in vitro, the morphology of round or polygonal chondrocytes changed to elongated and spindled shape. The expression of marker genes significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and it was almost negatively expressed by P5 chondrocytes. By contrast, the down regulation of routine genes was insignificant. The gene expression levels of MMPs and TIMPs both decreased (P < 0.05), but the change in MMP-1 and TIMP-1 was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Meanwhile, the ratio of MMPs/TIMPs was altered. At the protein level, the activities of gelatinases decreased after passaging, especially for P4 and P5 chondrocytes (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSerially passaged chondrocytes dedifferentiated and lost specific phenotypic characteristics during in vitro expansion culture. Simultaneously, the anabolism and catabolism of the cartilage ECM became uncontrollable and led to the imbalance of ECM homeostasis. When hyaline chondrocytes are applied in research on relevant diseases or cartilage tissue engineering, P0-P2 chondrocytes should be used.

Animals ; Cartilage ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Chondrocytes ; physiology ; Cytoskeleton ; Extracellular Matrix ; Gelatinases ; Gene Expression ; Hyalin ; physiology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger ; Tissue Engineering ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases

ObjectiveTo establish early diagnosis of vascular complications following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).MethodsThe surveillance and diagnosis making of vascular complications in 53 cases of OLT patients from April 1990 to June 2000 were carried out by color Doppler imaging (CDI), selective-angiography and analyzing relevant clinical features.ResultsThe incidence of vascular complication after OLT is 15%(8/53) including 3 cases of hepatic artery thrombosis, 2 of hepatic artery stenosis, 1 of celiac artery stenosis, and 2 of inferior vena cava stenosis. Diagnosis was confirmed by selective angiography in 7 cases and by autopsy in one. The sensitivity and specificity of CDI were 100%(8/8) and 98% (45/46) respectively. Conclusions Clinical feature of vascular complications following OLT lacks specificity. Continuous monitoring using CDI is a sensitive and specific method in the detection and diagnosis of vascular complications.Duration of surveillance should be no less than 2 months.