Chitinases are ubiquitous chitin-fragmenting hydrolases, however until a few years ago that chitinase like proteins have been found in mammalian. A silica-induced bronchoalveolar lavage protein (iSBLP58) with fibroblast growth promoting activity in silicotic rat, which had high sequence homology with members of the mammalian chitinase protein family has been previously purified and characterized. Bioinformatics analysis showed that several human EST clones from pooled colon, kidney or stomach matched the rat protein sequence. Thereafter clone from human kidney RNA samples with several pairs of primers was managed and a set of sequences was obtained, whose cDNA and amino acid sequences have high similarity with each other and several human chitinases in GenBank. Comparison with human genome sequence suggests that these molecules may be from variant transcripts of same a Pre-mRNA. Here the characterization of these sequences is reported.

Objective To evaluate whether the pentylenetetrazol(PTZ)model is an appropriate animal model of absence seizure.Methods A series of tests including EEG,active avoidance response(AAR)and passive escape response(PER)in a two-way shuttle box were finished during seizure induced by PTZ(35 mg/kg,ip)in 40 Wistar epileptic rats.Results Epileptiform activity was characterized by bilaterally spike wave discharges synchronously elicited during seizure in PTZ models.During absence seizure induced by PTZ,the latency of active avoidance response was significantly prolonged.AAR positive rate was decreased by 85%.PER positive rate was increased by 56%,and escape failure positive rate was increased by 29%.Conclusion There is epileptiform discharge accompanying transient conscious disturbance during absence seizure induced by pentylenetetrazol.

Objective To summarize the clinical experience of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) for acute cholecystitis. Methods Clinical records of 79 cases of acute cholecystitis treated by LC from September 2002 to August 2003 were respectively reviewed. Results Intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) was successfully conducted in 75 cases, 6 of which were found common bile duct stones. Of the 6 cases, 4 underwent LC combined with intraoperative endoscopic sphincterotomy and 2 underwent a conversion to open choledochotomy with T-tube drainage. The rest of 73 cases were diagnosed as simple gallbladder stones: LC was successfully accomplished in 70 cases and a conversion to open surgery was required in 3 cases because of serious inflammatory adhesion. In the study no severe complications occurred. Conclusions LC can be performed safely in the majority of cases of acute cholecystitis.

Chronic kidney disease(CKD)is increasingly recognized as a global public health problem.Uncontrolled complications of CKD,especially cardiovascular diseases,contribute greatly to the premature death and unfavorable prognosis.Recent evidence shows that CKD complications may occur earlier than previously thought.CKD complications deserve early detection and active treatment.Periodical follow-up and regular check should be done to adjust the therapeutic condition.Clinical practice guideline or recommendation based on evidence-based medicine is essential for management of CKD complications.Personalized treatment should be considered to improve survival and quality of life,and to make patient return to society.

Objective To establish a cell line and a convenient and well-duplicated minimal residual leukemia (MRL) model. Methods We chose the international standard domestic inbred DBA/2 mouse to inoculate the different numbers of L1210 leukemic cells to investigate the relationship between inoculating cell number and mouse survival time. On the third day after 1×106 leukemic cells per mouse were inoculated, different doses of CTX were used for the chemotherapy. Results The inoculating number of L1210 leukemic cells increased while the mouse survival time decreased;The survival time increased following the increase of the doses of the CTX;The survival time of the inoculated mouse treated with CTX at 125 mg/kg was equal to that of the mouse inoculated with 500 L1210 leukemic cells without treatment. Conclusion The observation results are that the dose of 125 mg/kg for creating the model of MRL mouse.

Gastric cancer(GC) is deeply threatening the health of our people, the mortality rate of GC is the second death cause of carcinoma i n our country. Since the lack of special clinical symptom at the early state of GC, detecting GC at the molecular biological level is expected to diagnose early gastric cancer. This article discusses some markers such as PCNA, p53, telomera se, ras protein and so on to assess the possibility of diagnosing the early gas tric cancer with these molecular biological markers. According to analyzing rela ted papers published, PCNA and p53 were found to be the molecular biological mar kers which should be firstly taken into account in diagnosing gastric cancer. Bo th of them can be easily detected by using immunohistochemical method. Telomeras e is also a good marker, but because of its difficult technology and high cost, it is not so practicable as the former two as the diagnostic marker of early gas tric cancer. Besides, ras potein can also be taken into account as the early det ecting auxiliary marker for GC.

Population pharmacokinetics(PPK),which is based on the principle of statistics,can be used to estimate various inter- and intra-individual factors which affect pharmacokinetics.By using Bayesian estimator,PPK can predict individual pharmacokinetic parameters accurately.PPK is widely used in the immunosuppressive therapy with cyclosporine,tacrolimus,mycophenolic acid and sirolimus.

Objective To summarize the clinical effects of retrograde intramedullary nail in treating distal femora| fracture. Methods Retrospectively analysed 52 cases of intereondyiar and supracondylar fracture of femur treated with retrograde intrameduUary nail. Results All cases were followed up for 6 to 24 months. All fracture were union except 2 reoperations cases had delay union. Conclusion Retrograde intrameduUary nail has supreme biological stability and allowed early exercise. It also can shorten operation time, reduce damage of periosteum and reduce delay union rate.

Objective To observe the influence of self-management on health care behavior through health education for patients with hypertension after a self-management model was brought to the communities. Methods There are 252 cases chosen randomly from 546 hypertensive patients in 19 communities to participate in the standard management of hypertension in communities voluntarily. They improve their self-management skills through attending lectures, the guidance of healthy lifestyle and self-management manuals. A scientific self-management methods was established and the support of the society and family was improved. The self-control method was used to analyze this study. Results There are significantly differents (P<0.05 ) in basic health knowledge understanding, self-management skills, and blood pressure control after health education compared with before. Conclusions Patients with health education can improve the self-management level. There are obvious effects on changing the bad lifestyle,improving blood pressure control rate, and decreasing the complication of patients with hypertension.

Respiratory viral infections are the most common cause of infantile wheezing, as well as one of the major inducents of acute exacebarbations of chronic childhood asthma. Recent studies focus on the mechanism of virus-induced airway inflammatory response which is still not completely clear. Many new pathophysiologic mechanisms such as epigenetics are advanced to explain the association between viral respiratory infections and asthma attack. In the present reports, recent data on the role of early-life viral infections in the development and progression of childhood asthma are reviewed.