High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a newly-developed noninvasive technique recently. Being a safe, non-radioactive and reproducible therapy, high-intensity focused ultrasound has been extensively used in the clinical treatment for a variety of solid tumors such as uterine adenomyosis. This paper aims to make a comprehensive review about this technique, focusing on the mechanism, clinical indications and contraindications, safety, efficacy and the complications of HIFU for the treatment of uterine adenomyosis.

Fourteen critical patients were treated by total parenteral nutrition(TPN) or en- teral nutrition(EN) and good results were achieved.Among the1 4patients,1 0 cases were suffered from MSOF.The results suggest thatnutritional support is very im- portant for the critical patients,especially for their rehabilitation and prognosis.The use of TPN is not limited by the gastroin- testinal function.TPN should be sellected preferably when a patient is critical and se- rious.EN should be used when gastroin- testinal function have recovered in order to reduce the translocation of bacteria and en- dotoxin in the gut and decrease gastroin- testinal bleeding.

Purpose:To study the effect of recombinated human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF,filgrastim) on leukopenia induced by chemotherapy.Methods:Ten cases of leukopenia of grade Ⅳ induced by chemotherapy of malignant tumor were treated with rhG-CSF . When WBC2.5?109/L, rhG-CSF was stopped.Results:All patients with leukopenia of grade Ⅳ recovered to normal after treatment with rhG-CSF , the average time of usage was 6.8 days. The infection rate was 60%(6/10). Conclusions:Filgrastim is effective in the treatment of leukopenia of grade Ⅳ after chemotherapy, rhG-CSF decreases infection and facilitates chemotherapy.

Kawasaki disease is an acute self-limiting systemic vasculitis syndrome and usually occurs in children.The small and medium arteries of the whole body are mainly invaded, and marked with coronary arteries.Coronary artery dilation and aneurysm formation mainly occur in the early period.Thrombi, intimal hyperplasia, and calcification could be formed during the later period.Consequently, sometimes, it develops intochronicischemic cardiopathy or myocardial infarction.In that, Kawasaki disease has become the leading cause of acquired heart disease for children in developed countries.Presently, the treatment of coronary artery lesions caused by Kawasaki disease includes drug therapy, and interventional and surgical treatment.However, medications usually fail to solve severe coronary conditions, and only interventional and surgical treatment can we choose.Therefore, the development and indications of interventional and surgical treatment of coronary artery lesions caused by Kawasaki disease were reviewed in this article.

Objective To explore the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs12953-717) of SMAD7 and susceptibility of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Chinese Han population.Methods A single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs12953717) from SMAD7 was detected via Sequenom system in 528 NSCLC cases and 762 healthy controls.Data was statistically analyzed by unconditional Logistic regression method.Results rs12953717 had significant differences between non-small cell lung cancer patients and the controls.Compared with CC/TT (CC combined with TT) genotype,the adjusted odds ratio for the CT genotype was 4.107 (95％ CI:3.206 ～ 5.260,P =0.000 1).Smokers had a 2.004 odds ratio (95 ％ CI =1.583 ～ 2.537,P =0.000 1) of NSCLC compared with the controls.There was a 10.074-fold increased risk of NSCLC among the subjects with CT genotype and smokers.Conclusion The polymorphism of rs12953717 may have relation with risk of NSCLC.Heterozygote (CT) is a susceptibility genotype of NSCLC.Smoking is one of the risk factors of NSCLC.Smoking and CT genotype have synergistic effects on NSCLC susceptibility.

Aim To investigate the effect on antagonism of benthiactzine and atropine against the function of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors by desensitization of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Methods The whole cell recording configuration of patch-clamp technique was used and the cell model was rat SCG neurons. To identify antagonists' antimuscarinic effect, mAchRs mediated IM-inhibition was measured and nicotine and oxotremorine were used. Results After de sensitization of nAChRs,the antimuscarinic effect ofboth benthiactzine and atropine decreased compared to the normal condition. The decreased antimuscarinic effect of benthiactzine was weaker than that of atro-pine. The antimuscarinic effect of both benthiactzine and atropine recovered gradually with the recovery of nAChRs from desensitization. Conclusion Desensiti-zation of nAChRs weakens the antagonists' antimuscarinic effect.

Objective To investigate the proliferation and cytotoxicity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) induced by ovarian cancer cells transfected with a CD 80 gene containing retroviral vector Methods The ovarian cancer cell line TYK cells were transfected with retro virus vector PLXSN hCD 80 After geneticin (G418) selection, the CD 80 expression of the transfectants was confirmed by flow cytometry CTL was induced by co culture of CD 80 expressing TYK cells (TYK hCD 80 ) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in the presence of anti CD 3 monoclonal antibody (McAb) Proliferation of PBMC was measured using 3?H Thymidine incorporation assay The lysis activity of CTL toward tumor cells was determined using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay Results After transfection and G418 selection, the CD 80 expression was proved by flow cytometry The highest rate of CD 80 expression was 84 9% The TYK cell line expressing high CD 80 was named TYK hCD 80 In the presence of anti CD 3 McAb,TYK hCD 80 significantly enhanced proliferation of PBMC than TYK cells ( 3H Thymidine incorporation, (40 604? 842) vs (8 000? 594) cpm ( P

Objective To investigate the expression and the significance of the MDR1, breast cancer resistance protein, lung cancer resistance protein mRNA and corresponding proteins P-gp, BCRP and LRP in breast cancer tissues and adjacent breast tissues. Methods RT-PCR was used to exam the expression of MDR1, BCRP, LRP mRNA in 42 breast cancer tissues and 42 adjacent tissues. IHC was used to exam the expression of P-gp, BCRP and LRP in 126 breast cancer tissues and 42 adjacent tissues, and theirs relationships with clinicopathological parameters in breast cancer, axillary lymph node status and 5-year recurrence and metastasis. Results The relative expression levels of MDR1, BCRP and LRP mRNA were 0.81 ±0.17,0.78 ±0.14,0.79 ±0.13 in breast cancer tissues and 0.33 ±0.11,0.45 ±0.09,0.36 ±0.10 in adjacent tissues respectively. There were significant differences between cancer tissues and adjacent tissues ( t = 4.613, 4.850 and 8. 089, P < 0.01 ). The positivities of P-gp, BCRP and LRP were 41% ( 52/126) ,39% (49/126) and 66% (83/126) in breast cancer tissues. There were significant differences between cancer tissues and adjacent tissues (x2 = 10.147, 7.020, 27.820, P < 0.01 ). The expression of MDR1 mRNA/P-gp was significantly associated with tumor stage and lymph node metastasis ( r = 0.369,0.398, P < 0.05 ). The expression of BCRP (mRNA/protein) was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (r = 0.355, P < 0.05 ) . The positivities of P-gp were significantly different between 39 recurrence/metastasis patients occurred in 5 years and 32 unrecurrence/nonmetastasis patients in 5 years (x2 = 11.771, P < 0.01 ). The positivities of BCRP and LRP were not significantly different in these two groups(x2 =2.261,0.078,P >0.05). The coincidence rates for expression of MDR1 ,BCRP,LRP mRNA and their proteins in breast cancer tissues were 90.48% ,92.85% and 85.71% respectively (the Kappa values were 0.806,0.751 and 0.697, P < 0.01 ). Conclusions Multidrug resistance is common in breast cancer. The three drug resistance genes and proteins are involved in the formation of multidrug resistance of breast cancer. Detection of multidrng resistance genes in breast cancer may be useful to choose chemotherapy,especially patients with P-gp positive expression are not advised to use the CAF chemotherapy.

Abdominal Pain ; Cough ; Humans

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a specific form of chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unknown etiology , a median survival time of which is 2 to 3 years.The diagnosis and treatment are important for IPF in time.Krebs von den lungen-6(KL-6), Surfactant protein-A(SP-A) and Surfactant protein-D(SP-D) are acceptable biomarkers in clinical for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Japan,which have shown good sensitivity at diagnosis IPF and predict the prognoses for patients with IPF . However , the differential diagnosis of IPF from other interstitial lung diseases is still challenging .Other biomarkers are being developed , one of which would have the best specificity and sensitivity at diagnosis IPF.Those biomarkers about pathogenesis of IPF includes alveolar epithelial cell dysfunction , fibrogenesis and immune dysregulation are shown .They are potential to account for underlying disease mechanisms , accelerated drug development and advance clinical management.