Hepatitis A is one of the global public health problems,and China has high prevalence. In order to decrease the incidence of hepatitis A,China has integrated Hepatitis A vaccine into Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in 2007. The paper will provide some ideas on the immunogenicity and impact factors of the different types of hepatitis A vaccines that are used in China.

Objective To investigate the condition of self-management of patient controlled analgesia pump in patients in the ICU.Methods 82 patients in ICU were selected in July 2014 and were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 41 cases in each.In the observation group,the PCAP was fixed on the bedrails of patients' bed and controlled by themselves to acquire satisfactory analgesia effect.In the control group,the PCAP was operated by the nurses.Pains scores was compared between the two groups.Results The different position of PCAP showed the different scores of pain in the patients.The pain scores in the observation group (2.93±1.47) was significantly lower than that in the control group (3.76±1.36),P＜0.05.Conclusions Proper position of PCAP and controlled by patients can effectively reduce postoperative pain of patients in the ICU,and then reduce their suffering and improve their comfort.

Atrial Fibrillation ; pathology ; Humans ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A

Objective To find a new method to prepare the acellular matrix of the penile cavernous body. Methods Intact specimens of the penile cavernous body were collected from healty adult rabbits,treated with Triton-X100 and NH3?H2O,and then stained with HE.Light microscopy was employed to observe the acellular cells.Results Acellular matrix of the penile cavernous body was obtained after a 25-day treatment with Triton-X100 and NH3?H2O.The matrix was intact.HE staining showed that the matrix was composed of regularly arranged elastic fibers with wide intra-spaces without any cells inside.Conclusion Acellular matrix of the penile cavernous body can be prepared by using Triton-X100 and NH3?H2O.

Objective To explore the relationship among experiential avoidance,cognitive fusion and type D personality in pregnant women.Methods 309 pregnant women were assessed with self-made general information questionnaire,acceptance and action questionnaire-2nd edition (AAQ-Ⅱ),cognitive fusion questionnaire(CFQ) and type D personality scale(DS14).Results Average score of AAQ-Ⅱ and CFQ of 309 pregnant women were (16.41±7.55) and (24.24± 10.90),respectively.According to the type D personality questionnaire scores,the subjects were divided into four groups.Average score of each group on AAQ-Ⅱ and CFQ was respectively (21.25 ± 8.18) and (31.12± 10.99) for type D personality group (Group 1),(19.80±6.14) and (27.67±9.76) for negative emotion group(Group 2),(15.12±6.40) and (22.16±9.56)for social inhibition group (group 3) and (14.02±6.61) and (21.18±10.03) for group without negative emotions and social inhibition (group 4).The differences between groups were statistically significant (F=19.44,17.372,all P＜0.01).Correlation analysis revealed that AAQ-Ⅱ and CFQ were positively related to NA and SI (r=0.484,0.251,0.477,0.302,P＜0.05).NA and SI all entered the AAQ-Ⅱ regression equation and CFQ regression equation respectively:Y1 =4.655+ 1.032X1 + 0.836X2,Y2 =8.013+ 1.233X1 + 0.745X2 (Y1 as AAQ-Ⅱ,Y2 as CFQ,X1 as NA,X2 as SI).Conclusion Pregnant women with type D personality have the worst psychological flexibility.The two demensions of type D personality are predictive to experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion.

0.05).Conclusion Low iron stores contribute to ADHD.SF level must be evaluated and retrieved in subjects with ADHD,particularly in the subgroup of ADHD-I.

AIM: To explore the feasibility of culturing human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVEC ) on acellular corneal stroma and performing the posterior lamellar endothelial keratoplasty ( PLEK ) treating corneal endothelial decompensation.
METHODS: Thirty New-Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups randomly, 10 rabbits for experimental group, 10 for stroma group and 10 for control group. Corneal endothelial cells were removed to establish animal model of corneal endothelial failure. PLEK was performed on the rabbits of experimental group and stroma group, and nothing was transplantated onto the rabbits of control group with the deep layer excised only. Postoperative observation was taken for 3mo. The degree of corneal edema and central corneal thickness were recorded for statistical analysis.
RESULTS:Corneas in experimental group were relieved in edema obviously compared with that in stroma group and the control group, and showed increased transparency 7d after the operation. The average density of endothelial cells was 2 026. 4±129. 3cells/mm2 , and average central corneal thickness was 505. 2±25. 4μm in experimental group, while 1 535. 6±114. 5μm in stroma group and 1 493. 5±70. 2μm in control group 3mo after operation.
CONCLUSION:We achieved preliminary success in our study that culturing HUVEC on acellular corneal stroma and performing PLEK for corneal endothelial decompensation. HUVEC transplanted could survive in vivo, and have normal biological function of keeping cornea transparent. This study provides a new idea and a new way clinically for the treatment of corneal endothelial diseases.

Objective To explore the relationship between HPV infection and the incidence of cervical canc-er and precancerous lesions in women.Methods 108 patients with cervical disease who accepted cervical screening were chosen as the research subjects, and they were given colposcopy and pathological examination, hybrid capture 2 generation method for quantitative detection of HPV-DNA content,RLU/CO was used for viral load and HPV-DNA content was more than 1ng/L(RLU/CO>1) can be judged as positive.Results The positive rates of HPV-DNA was 35.00%,67.74%and 95.83%of chronic cervicitis,cervical cancer precursor lesions( CIN) and invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =10.73,P<0.05) .The positive rates of HPV DNA in patients with typeⅠCIN,typeⅡCIN,typeⅢCIN were 44.44%,62.50%and 95.00%respective-ly,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =11.43,P<0.05).HPV-DNA and the positive rate of cervical cancer patients with histological grade,clinical stage,lymph node metastasis,there was no significant correlation(χ2 =1.76,1.44,1.89, all P >0.05 ) .Conclusion HPV -DNA positive rate increased with the severity of cervical lesions in patients,but it had no significant correlation with clinical and pathological parameters,the active prevention of HPV infection of cervical cancer prevention had important significance.

Objetive To analyze the standard of training and evaluation on semi-automatic biochemical analyzer to improve grass-root medical unit in training on the analyzer.Methods The standard was analyzed and expounded from the aspects of scope of application,requirements,subjects setting,key links as well as the demands of evaluation scoring scale.Results The main points of the standard included elementary knowledge of biochemical analysis as well as the structure,principle,installation,operation,application,maintenance and etc of the semi-automatic biochemical analyzer.The integration of personnel and instrument contributed to accurate and rapid output of test report.Conclusion It is necessary to grasp accurately the connotation of the standard to improve the quality of medical equipment training.

Objective To assess the effectiveness of arthroscopic debridement techniques for osteoarthrosis of the elbow in nonathlete patients. Methods Twenty-six nonathlete patients with elbow osteoarthrosis were treated with arthroscopic debridement from January 1999 to January 2006.Of the 26 patients,23 were followed for 4～86 months (mean,23 months).All of the 23 patients had complained of pain and loss of elbow motion and 4 patients had symptoms of ulnar neuritis. The Mayo Elbow Performance Score was used as evaluation criteria of the efficacy. Results Twenty-three patients were followed for 4～86 months (mean, 23 months). Twenty elbows (87%) were not painful or were only mildly painful, and three (13%) were moderately painful. The mean arc of flexion-extension was improved from 99.6? (range, 65?～135?) preoperatively to 122.1? (range, 80?～150?) at the time of follow-up. According to the Mayo Elbow Performance Score, the result was excellent in 16 elbows, good in 4, and fair in 3, with a rate of excellent or good results of 87%. Symptoms of ulnar neuritis disappeared in the 3 patients and continued without aggravation in the remaining 1 patient. Fourteen patients were greatly satisfied with the results, 6 satisfied, and 3 unsatisfied, the satisfactory rate being 87%. One patient reported a delayed ulnar nerve symptoms after operation. Conclusions Arthroscopic debridement techniques for elbow osteoarthrosis in nonathlete patients can yield satisfactory pain relief, significant increase in the range of motion, and quick recovery.