Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia ; physiopathology

The Halliwick concept is a kind of aquatic kinesitherapy concept to reduce disability and improve quality of life through activities in water such as swimming. It mainly includes the Halliwick Ten-Point-Programme aimming at teaching siwmming and the Water Specific Therapy focusing on impairments of body functions or body structure. The Halliwick concept can be relatead to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health very well, and its therapeutic effects has been supported by more and more evidence-based-studies.

The mirror neuron system is an action observation-execution mechanism which plays an important role in many neurophysiologicalprocesses, such as action observation, action imitation, motor imagery and motor learning. It is an important neural mechanism of actionobservation therapy, motor imagery therapy, mirror therapy, virtual reality therapy and brain computer interface technology.

Objective Probe into different method safe and effective fixation method,clinical result and cliniical to indications of different treatments in intertrochanter fracture of femur in the old elderly.Methods Adopting the femur near end dissecting type to lock the stencil plate fixation 14 of 58 cases of old intertrochanter fracture of femur separately.the hip screw of motive force(DHS) fixation was used in 24,femur near end stencil plate fixation in 20,and the blood loss,operation time,ossicle split off situation and fracture heal time were compared among the three groups.Sanders grade results and complications were followed up.Results Postoperative follow up Was done in all patients,from 8 months to 3 years,averaged 1.5 years.three groups of skill type fine rate of the three groups being 92.9%,92%,90%respectively.Conclusions Different methods showed good clinical results in treating the old intertrochanter fracture of femur,each having its indications.Operation should be done should follow based on fracture type,age,physique factors and patient's osteoporosis intensity,choosing the best healing solution by characteristics of intermal flxation while each combining.The hook board(ALHP)is suitable for old patients with serious osteoporosis,DHS for Evans Ⅰ,Ⅱ types and some Evans Ⅲ type,and femur near end dissecting type stencil plate for Ⅳ and Ⅴ types fractures.

3D printing service in medical librariescan help their users to master the new medical technologies, meet the needs in clinical teaching, and expand their value-added service.The application of 3D printing techno logy in 5 American medical libraries was thus analyzed in terms of its equipments, establishment of biomedical 3D model, and charge of 3D printing service, with the problems stressed for domestic medical libraries in providing 3D printing service, such as rational allocation of fees, solution of intellectual properties, and training of professional librarians.

The bleeding in liver resection is an important factor influencing the operation risk and postoperative out comes.Hepatic vascular exclusion technique is an effective method to control the bleeding,which has been improved after being widely used in clinical practice.In this paper,the research progress on the clinical application of various kinds of hepatic vascular exclusion techniques was reviewed.

ObjectiveTo observe the influence of medical exercise on rehabilitation of patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods26 COPD patients who were organized in the form of training class practised medical exercise for three months. Respiratory function, exercise capacity and psychological health level were assessed respectively before and after exercise.ResultsValues of forced vital capacity(FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FVC% , FEV1/ FVC and 6-minute walking distance (6MD) were significantly higher after medical exercise than before(P<0.01). Anxiety and depression scores also notably dropped after medical exercise than before(P<0.01).Conclusions Medical exercise can remarkably improve respiratory and moving capacity and decrease anxiety and depression of patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objective To investigate the effects of a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on cell proliferation,differentiation and the genetic expression of osteogenesis specific transcription factor-Osterix (OSX) in the calvaria-derived osteoblasts of SD rats.MethodsPrimary osteoblasts were separated from the calvarias of Sprague-Dawley rats 24 hours after birth by trypsinazation and collagenase digestion.The osteoblasts at passage 4 were randomly divided into a control group and a PEMF group,Cells in the PEMF group were placed onto PEMF therapeutic apparatus and exposed to 11 mT radiation at 12 Hz for 1 h per day for 3 days.The osteoblasts' proliferation ability was then detected via methylthiazdyl tetrazolium assay.Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the cell lysate and the supernatant fluid was assayed through disodium phenyl phosphate colorimetric determination to determine the cells'differentiation ability.OSX mRNA expression was determined using real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).ResultsThe proliferation of osteoblasts in the PEMF group was significantly greater than in the control group.PEMF exposure suppressed ALP activity in both the lysate and the supernatant of the osteoblasts.The OSX mRNA expression in the PEMF group was significantly down-regulated compared with the control group.ConclusionPEMF at 12 Hz and 11 mT can promote the proliferation of osteoblasts,but it inhibits cellular differentiation and down-regulates the mRNA expression of OSX.

Objective To investigate the causes of spinal tuberculosis retreatment and its surgical treatment strategy.Methods Between May 2010 and May 2014,96 patients with spinal tuberculosis who had been operated before were retreated.The dates of them were reviewed.There were 51 males and 45 females with mean age of 39.7 years.Deciding upon the revision surgical procedure should be determined by last operation approach,the direction of compression of spinal cord,the position of sinus and extent of foci.The retreated patients were compared with 481 unretreated patients in the following index including sex,age,duration of disease,focus range,nutrition,drug resistant tuberculosis,debridement,stability of instrumentation,postoperative regular chemotherapy,associated tuberculosis.Results The surgery duration time was 160-280 min,average 210 min,and the blood loss was 400-1500 ml,average 600 ml.The VAS score before the operation was 6-9 (average 7.5) and 1-3 (average 1.5) at the last follow-up,the difference was statistically significant.Neurological deficits in 21 patients clinically improved at least one grade according to the ASIA grading system at last follow-up.Kyphosis and scoliosis degrees were corrected significantly postoperatively and the correction was 9.5°±3.6° at the final follow-up.The average angle loss was 3.5°±1.1°.There was significant difference between the kyphosis angles preoperatively,postoperatively and final follow-up.Kirkaldy-Willis function score showed that the total fine rate was 88％.There were 35 patients whose tuberculosis bacterial culture and drug sensitive experiments suggested drug resistance.Wound healing delayed in 7 patients.24 cases had sinus formation,13 cases in which were healed after wound dressing,and 11 cases undertook operation again.Conclusion The causes of spinal tuberculosis retreatment include uncompleted debridement,drug resistant strains of tuberculosis,irregular postoperative anti-tubercular treatment,poor preoperative nutritional status and failure of spinal stability reconstruction.The key of successful revision surgery includes radical debridement,strut grafting with autologous iliac bone block,proper reconstruction of spinal stability,individualized chemotherapy according to the drug-resistance,and the appropriate use of irrigation and drainage postoperatively.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and clinical outcomes of second sacral alar-iliac (S2AI) technique utilized in patients with tuberculosis of Lumbosacral spine.Methods 24 cases (15 male,9 female,aged 36-73 years old,average 47.1 years) of tuberculosis of Lumbosacral spine were collected for surgery using spinal and pelvic fixation system (S2AI or IS) between January 2014 and May 2016.Lumbosacral pain and restricted movement were noticed in all cases,of which 9 cases with radiating pain of lower limb and 7 cases with intermittent claudication,2 cases with saddle anesthesia.Formal anti-tuberculosis medicine treatment was given for at least 2-3 weeks before operation.All patients with lumbosacropelvic fixation were compared by recording with ESR/CRP,preoperatively,postoperatively and the last following-up.The clinical effect oswestry disability index (ODI) score,visual analogue scale (VAS),ambulatory status,SF-36 scale and related complications of 2 groups were also compared.Results The average follow-up period was average 23.4 months in the two groups.The results show that operative time,blood loss,drainage time,hospitalization days and fusion time were not statistically significant;the recording of ESR,CRP,ODI,VAS scores and ambulatory status scores between S2AI and IS groups showed no significantly different,preoperatively,postoperatively and the last following-up.Comparisons within each group were improved at postoperatively and the last following-up related to preoperatively;The difference of the SF-36 scales in each group was statistically significant between preoperatively and the last following-up;There was no statistically difference in recurrence,sinus,pseudarthrosis between two groups,but The S2AI technique was associated with lower rates of symptomatic screw prominence compared to the IS technique.Conclusion Application of S2AI screw technique in the treatment of lumbosacral tuberculosis can achieve solid fixation and satisfactory clinical effect,and reduce the complications of traditional IS screws,which is an alternative method of posterior structure reconstruction of lumbosacral tuberculosis.