Objective To develop a portable, easily-used and effective fracture fixation material during emergency treatment of battle wound. Methods Based on vacuum plasticity, macromolecule particles were filled into prefabricated bag, in which the air was deflated. The bag became stiff. When it was bound with belt, it acted as fracture fixation. Results Experiments showed that this kind of splint attached closely with body without any accessorial material. The effect was good without any restriction from region or environment. Conclusion This kind of fracture fixation splint has advantages in operation time, applicable parts and fixation effects compared with other fixation material.

To discuss the clinical situation and treatment of cervical intramedullary spinal teratoma, two cases of it in our department were presented, and the related literatures were reviewed. A concomitant anomaly of the cervical vertebral canal was found to be accompanied by cervical intramedullary spinal teratoma. MRI showed the tumors with mixed signal intensity. During operation the tumor was found to have both cysts and hard bony nodules. It was very difficult to remove the total tumor. It is concluded that the plain film of cervical vertebra and cervical spine MRI are sensitive to differentiate teratomas from other tumors. Surgery should be the first choice for treatment.

Objective To explore the technique and effect of selected three-field lymphadenectomy by left thoracotomy in treatment of thoracic middle or lower section esophageal squamous carcinoma. Methods From Jun. 2005 to Mar. 2009, 213 patients with thoracic middle or lower section of esophageal carcinoma received esophagectomy, bilateral mediastinal lymphadenectomy and pleural membrane resection.Group 1 -5, 7 - 12a, 16al, and 19 were performed to dissect abdominal lymph node and extended thoracic and abdominal lymphadenectomy and only lymph node extraction of mesoesophagus in neck field. Results 14197 lymphatic nodes(LN) were detected in 213 case. The average number of resected LN was 66. 65 ±24. 73. The metastatic lymph node was detected in 105 cases. The metastatic rate was 49.05% (105/213).There were 423 metastatic lymph nodes. The lymph nodes metastasis was 2. 97% (423/14197) of all dissected lymphatic nodes. No remnant carcinoma in the upper and lower cutting edge was found in pathological examination. The operation time ranged from 2. 92 ～ 4. 67 ( 3. 37 ± 0. 42) hours. Blood transfusion during perioperative period was 0 ～ 6u ( 1.08 ± 0. 93 ) u. Perioperative plasma transfusion was 0 ～ 1400( 103.77 ± 184. 89) ml. The hospital-time was 14 ～ 39 ( 17.64 ±4. 12) days. There were no anastomotic leakage and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. One case died from respiratory failure, the mortality was 0. 04% ( 1/213). Conclusion Surgical approach in the management of left thoracotomy in the sixth intercostals could extend resection of chest-field lymph node dissection, decrease neck field lymph node dissection. Abdomen-field lymph node dissection reached selected D3. The selected lymphadenectomy procedure had the advantages of small traumas and few complications.

Objective To conduct a comprehensive evaluation on safety of Honghua Injection through adopting the method of the evidence-based method;To provide reference for clinical reasonable application of Honghua Injection. Methods Computers were used to retrieve some Chinese databases, such as China Biology Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wangfang Database and VIP database. At the same time, other search methods were employed, up to July 2013, including all research types about Honghua Injection. The adverse reactions in the reports of published literature were analyzed by description and statistical analysis. Results Sixty-nine researches on Honghua Injection were included. The total cases of adverse drug reaction (ADR) were 1111, among which male cases were 568 (51%), and female cases were 543 (49%). Thirty-six (52%) papers described ADR of Honghua Injection in detail, and thirty-three (48%) papers just mentioned ADR or did not describe ADR in detail. Skin, skin accessories damage and pathological changes in circulatory system were main contents of ADR. In terms of original diseases, diseases of circulatory system play an important role. Solvent medium was largely in line with its product specification requirements. Most ADR appeared when the drug was used for the first time, from 5 minutes to 5 days. Conclusion The current published literature data show that severe ADR does not happen after the intervention of Honghua Injection.

Objective To assess the effect of the pulsatile catheter (PUCA) pump support on cardiac resuscitation in sheep,and to provide a new approach for saving cardiac arrest patients. Methods Cardiac arrest was induced by ventricular fibrillation in 11 sheep. These sheep were divided into three groups including no support (n=3), delayed support (n=2) and immediate support (n=6). Time for cardiac resuscitation and the ratio of success to failure in each group were recorded. Hemodynamic parameters including heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure(CVP),right ventricular end-diastolic pressure (RVEDP),left atrial pressure (LAP), and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were monitored and recorded at 5, 60 and 180 min after cardiac resuscitation with PUCA pump. Results Time for cardiac resuscitation in no support group, delayed support group and immediate support group was (38.3±5.8),(43.5±9.2) and (48.7±23.8)minutes, respectively(P＞0.05),and the ratio of success to failure was 0/3,0/2 and 5/1, respectively ( P＜0.05). After cardiac resuscitation with the PUCA pump support, MAP, SBP and DBP increased gradually(P＜0.05).Conclusions PUCA pump can maintain the hemodynamic stability in a sheep model of cardiac arrest,and can thus increase the success rate of cardiac resuscitation. It may be suitable for resuscitating cardiac arrest patients.

BACKGROUND: Acute renal failure following heart failure assisted circulation have been extensively reported. However, little data have been available concerning morphological analysis of kidney tissues under that condition.OBJECTIVE: To observe morphological change of ischemia/reperfusion kidney in a sheep pulsatile catheter (PUCA) pump short-term support for heart failure model and explore causes of acute renal failure in assisted circulation patients.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Self-contrast animal experiment was performed at the laboratory of Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Renji Hospital of Shanghai Second Medical University between July 2003 and April 2004.MATERIALS: PUCA pump was provided by Gerhard Rakhorst, Professor of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen.METHODS: After ischemic heart failure in 10 sheep was induced successfully and subsequently ischemia/reperfusion kidney was developed, PUCA pump was activated to support the hemodynamics for 3 hours.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hemodynamic parameters were monitored and recorded before thoracotomy, heart failure, and every 45 minutes after the support. Kidney biopsy specimens for light and electron microscopy were obtained 3 hours after support.RESULTS: PUCA pump support was successful in 7 of 10 sheep for 3 hours. During support with the PUCA pump,Hemodynamic parameters gradually restored to normal and stable condition, and blood pressure was close to baseline at the end of experiment. On both light and electron microscopy examination, mild acute kidney change was observed after ischemia/reperfusion. Cytosis in renal glomerulus associated with vasodilatation hyperemia, endepidermis in renal tubules hydropic degeneration, vasodilatation hyperemia and Interstitial edema in renal medulla were the main findings.CONCLUSION: PUCA pump could successfully maintain the hemodynamics for 3 hours in a sheep acute heart failure model,but pathological change in ischemia/reperfusion kidney was remained. It is impossible to predict prognosis of renal function on hemodynamic data alone during support.

AIM: The aim of this study was to study the changes of rabbit heart electrophysiological properties caused by increasing left ventricular afterload, and to assess the effects of streptomycin or verapamil on these changes. METHODS: The rabbit heart preparation in situ was used,and the afterload of left ventricle was increased by clipping in part the root of ascending aorta. The changes of heart electrophysiological parameters including relative refractory period (RRP),effective refractory period (ERP),monophasic action potential duration (MAPD_ 90 ) and ventricular fibrillation threshold(VFT) were observed before and after altering the afterload of left ventricle and were compared in the absence and presence of streptomycin or verapamil. RESULTS: The rising of left ventricular afterload [(72?11)mmHg] led to shortening of RRP,ERP and MAPD_ 90 ,and to descent of VFT ( P 0.05) except increasing of VFT ( P

Objective To investigate the effects of Calpain inhibitor Ⅰ on glucocorticoid receptor and its transcript activation ability. Methods Raw-264.7 cells were treated respectively with Calpain inhibitor Ⅰ and dexamethasone or both for 24 h. The changes of glucocorticoid receptor were observed. COS-7 cells were co-transfected with PRsh-GR? and pMAMneo-CAT vectors, and then the effects of Calpain inhibitor Ⅰ on glucocorticoid receptor and its transcript activation ability were detected. Results The glucocorticoid receptors was decreased after Raw-264.7 cells were treated with dexamethasone for 24 h. Calpain inhibitor Ⅰ could inhibit this effect to some extent. Co-transfection experiment revealed that Calpain inhibitor Ⅰ could also promote glucocorticoid receptor transcript activation ability. Conclusion Calpain inhibitor Ⅰ can inhibit the down-regulation of dexamethasone on glucocorticoid receptor, but promote glucocorticoid receptor transcript activation ability.

OBJECTIVETo introduce a modified model for quantitative testing of glucose microleakage by constant air pressure and evaluate the sealing ability of four root canal sealers including AU Plus, Roeko Seal, Cortisomol and RC Sealer.

METHODSFifty-six straight maxillary anterior teetb were randomly divided into four experimental groups with 12 samples in each group, group A: AH Plus, group B: Roeko Seal, group C: Cortisomol, group D: RC Sealer, and positive and negative control group with 4 samples in each. After regular root preparation, samples in experimental groups were obturated by cold gutta-percha lateral compaction technique with sealers according to group description. Control groups were obturated with cold gutta-percha only. Through the model above, the value of glucose microleakage from crown to root was measured at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 days with the glucose oxidase-peroxidase method (GOD-POD).

RESULTSAt day 1, 3, 5, no significant difference of microleakage was found between group A and B (P > 0.05). The same result was also seen between group C and D. From 7 days, microleakage value in each experimental group gradually increased, and statistical difference was found between groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThis new model using constant air pressure is easy to establish, sensitive and practical. Among all the sealers evaluated, polydimethylsiloxane based root canal sealer, Roeko Seal has the greatest sealing ability, while epoxy-amine resin based AH Plus is second and Zinc Oxide based Cortisomol and RC Sealer have the least sealing ability.

Air Pressure ; Dental Cements ; Dental Leakage ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Epoxy Resins ; Glucose ; Gutta-Percha ; Humans ; Root Canal Filling Materials ; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

Objective　To analyze the clinical indications,efficacy and safety of Chinese minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) in treating upper urinary calculi based on our experience.Methods　From June 1992 to September 2010,a total of 10,452 patients (6060 males and 4392 females)with a mean age of (47.6 ± 13.7) years (7 months-93 years) received MPCNL in our center.The mean stone burden was (777.4 ± 740.3) mm2 (20 - 4 080 mm2 ).The data of stone burden,operative techniques,operating time,stone-free rate,major complication,hospital stay and stone composition were investigated.　Results　Of the 10 452 cases,11 801 procedures were performed on 10 876 (5493 left and 5383right) renal units,including 10 102 first stage procedures,1604 secondary procedures,86 third procedures and 9 fourth procedures.There were 11 830 tracts established,including 373 (3.15％ ) tracts of 14 F,7867 (66.50％) tracts of 16 F and 3590 (30.35％) tracts of 18 F.There were 1207 (10.20％),9174(77.55％) and 1449 (12.25％) punctures located in upper,middle and lower pole,respectively.956(8.79％) renal units were managed with multiple tracts,which including 2 tracts in 846 (7.78％) units,3tracts in 85 (0.78％) units,4 tracts in 18 (0.17％) units and 5 tracts in 7 (0.06％) units.Pneumatic lithotripsy was used in 8563 (72.56％) procedures,Holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy was used in 2981(25.26％)　procedures and Pneumatic lithotripsy + Holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy was used in 257(2.18％) procedures.762 (7.29％) cases needed ESWL to clean the stone after MPCNL.The average operating time was ( 101.3 ± 44.2) min ( 10 -240 min).The stone-free rate of MPCNL was 89.9％,which increased to 93％ by adjunctive ESWL.And the mean hospital stay was ( 13.2 ± 6.4) days (2 - 72 days).The major complications happened on 321 (3.07％) cases,including 294 (2.81％ ) cases of blood transfusion,12 (0.11％ ) cases of sepsis,2 (0.02％) cases of renal abscess,9 (0.09％) cases of pleura injury,2 (0.02％) cases of colon injury and 2 (0.02％) cases of death.53 (0.51％) cases needed selective renal arterial embolization to achieve hemostasis.The main stone compositions were analyzed in 4345 cases.Calcium oxalate,calcium phosphate,magnesium ammonium phosphate,uric acid,ammonium urate,carbapatite and cystin were 91.74％,90.33％,14.91％,17.77％,4.83％,8.47％ and 0.51％,respectively. Conclusions　MPCNL is an effective and safe treatment option for all kinds of upper urinary calculi in patients at all ages with a high stone free rate and low major complication rate.