Objective: To revise FNE (fear of negative evaluation) scale primarily and to explore the relationship between fear of negative evaluation and test anxiety Method: A sample of 200 middle school students was administrated with FNE and TAS (test anxiety scale) Result:The Chinese version of FNE had good psychometric parameters The score of our sample had no significant difference to that originally reported abroad There was positive correlation (r=0 45, P

OBJECTIVE: To provide references for the retail pharmacies on market competition. METHODS: The customer satisfactory idea and the customer delivered value theory were analyzed and the ways to enhance the customer delivered value were discussed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: Decreasing drug price is just one among the multi-methods to enhance the pharmacy customer satisfaction. The pharmacies should analyze multi-factors influencing the customer delivered value before making correct marketing strategies.

Objective To explore whether childhood abuse experiences predict higher levels of depression and lower levels of self-esteem for graduate students and examine the mediating role of social support between childhood abuse and mental health.Methods A sample of 907 graduate students were investigated with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF),Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS),Self-esteem Scale (SES) and Center for Epidemiological Survey Scale (CESD).Results The scores of childhood abuse,social support,self-esteem,and depression of graduate students were (33.88±9.35),(68.31±12.01),(36.62±4.80) and (35.85± 9.20).Childhood abuse was negatively correlated with self-esteem (r=-0.32,P＜0.01),but positively correlated with depression (r=0.28,P＜0.01),and negatively correlated with social support (r=-0.44,P＜0.01).Social support was positively correlated with self-esteem (r=0.39,P＜0.01),and negatively correlated with depression (r=-0.41,P ＜0.01).Examining the mediation model indicated that social support had a partial mediation effects(42％) on the relationship between childhood abuse and self-esteem,and social support had a partial mediation effects(54％) on the relationship between childhood abuse and depression.Conclusions The childhood abuse not only affects the graduate student's self-esteem and depression directly,but also can take the same effect by social support indirectly.

Objective To investigate couple's personality similarity effect on the marital quality,and to explore the vairance of such effect under different levels of spouse's depression. Methods The cross?sectional da?ta of 4644 couple from the national survey of mental health database in china( 2009) was used. Couples completed Locke ?Wallance marital adjustment test,The CES?D scale a self?report depression scale and Eysenck personality questionnaire short scale for Chinese version (EPQ?RSC). Results The personality similarities of couples(0.44 ±0.27) and their marital quality (wife (103.71±27.54),husband (106.15±26.94))had significant positive corre?lation ( r=0.25~0.27, P<0.01). Regression analysis showed the effect of personality similarity on the marital quality were varied according to the level of spouse depression( β=0.09?0.22, P<0.05) . Among participants whose husband or wife had higher level of depression,couple's personality similarity had stronger effect on his/her per?ceived marital quality. Conclusion Husband and wife personality similarity is related to marital quality signifi?cantly,and the spouse depression plays a significant moderating role in this relationship.

Objective:To identify the distal and proximal influencing factors of father involvement, and explore the mediating role of father's role perception and the moderating role of depression in the effect of his family-of-origin paternal parenting on father involvement.Methods:Totally 572 fathers with children aged under 12 years old completed the father involvement questionnaire, role of the father questionnaire (ROFQ), parental bonding instrument (PBI) and the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale (CES-D). The Pearson correlation analysis and non-parametric percentile Bootstrap method were conducted via SPSS 21.0.Results:(1)Father involvement (2.86±0.58) was found to be negatively correlated with his own family-of-origin paternal indifference (7.30±3.86) ( r=-0.175, P<0.01), positively correlated with his family-of-origin paternal care (10.46±3.98) ( r=0.291, P<0.01), negatively correlated with his depression (7.07±5.09) ( r=-0.266, P<0.01) and positively correlated with his role perception (61.52±5.92) ( r=0.522, P<0.01). (2)Father's role perception partially mediated the relationship between his family-of-origin paternal care and his own paternal involvement (the mediating effect was 0.015, which was 35.71% of the total effects) and fully mediated the relationship between his family-of-origin paternal indifference and his own paternal involvement (the mediating effect was -0.016). (3)Father's depression played a moderating role between his family-of-origin paternal care and his own role perception ( β=-0.069, P<0.05). And it also played a moderating role between his family-of-origin paternal indifference and his own role perception ( β=0.121, P<0.001). The results of J-N methods showed that the values and significance of simple slopes varied according to father's depression levels in both two models. Conclusion:The paternal parenting that fathers had experienced in his family of origin is an important factor affects his own paternal involvement.In the relationship between father's family-of-origin paternal parenting and his own paternal involvement, father's role perception plays a mediating role and his depression level plays a moderating role.

Objective: To investigate the mediating effect of parent-child conflict on paternal phubbing and externalizing behavior problems in children, so as to provide insights into the prevention and interventions of childhood externalizing behavior problems. Methods: The fathers of children at ages of 3 to 6 years were sampled from seven kindergartens in Liaoning Province and one kindergartens in Sichuan Province using a convenience sampling method in June 2021. The Generic Scale of Phubbing, the Parent-child Relationship Scale, and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in Children were employed. The mediating effect of parent-child conflict on paternal phubbing and externalizing behavior problems in children was examined using a structural-equation model and Bootstrap method. Results: A total of 583 questionnaires were allocated, and 531 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 91.08%. The fathers had a mean age of (34.86±8.39) years, and 172 fathers had an educational level of bachelor degree and above (32.39%) and 285 had a single child (53.67%). Among paternal phubbing questions, the mean scores of nomophobia, interpersonal conflict, self-isolation and problem acknowledgement dimensions were (3.71±1.53), (2.02±1.18), (2.26±1.29) and (3.07±1.38), respectively, and the mean score of parent-child conflict was (2.25±0.82). Among all childhood externalizing behavior questions, the mean scores of conduct and attention deficits/hyperactivity dimensions were (0.31±0.26) and (0.82±0.46), respectively. Paternal phubbing posed an direct positive effect on childhood externalizing behavior problems (β=0.165, P=0.005), and indirectly affected childhood externalizing behavior problems (β=0.449, P<0.001) via parent-child conflict (β=0.358, P<0.001). The mediating effect of father-child conflict was 0.161 (95%CI: 0.104-0.221), and was contributed 49.39% to the total effect. Conclusions Parent-child conflict plays a partial mediating role in the association between paternal phubbing and childhood externalizing behavior problems. Paternal phubbing may directly affect childhood externalizing behavior problems, and may indirectly affect childhood externalizing behavior problems through the positive effect on parent-child conflict.

Objective: To explore the mediating effects of adolescent loneliness and depressive symptoms on interparental conflict and adolescent non-suicidal self-injury, so as to provide insights into the prevention and interventions of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury. Methods: Students from 7 middle schools in Tianjin, Henan, Sichuan, Zhejiang and Inner Mongolia were selected using convenient sampling method. Their loneliness, depressive symptoms and non-suicidal self-injury occurrence were investigated using the Three-Item Loneliness Scale, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale and Non-Suicidal Self-injury Scale, and interparental conflict was evaluated by adolescents and their mothers respectively, using the adolescence revision of Co-parenting Scale and the Co-parenting Relationship Scale. The mediating effects of loneliness and depressive symptoms on interparental conflict and non-suicidal self-injury was examined using a structural-equation model. Results: A total of 544 students were recruited, with a mean age of (14.19±; 1.43) years. There were 241 males (44.30%) and 303 females (55.70%); 452 junior high school students (83.10%), 46 high school students (8.45%) and 46 vocational high school students (8.45%); and 150 students with non-suicidal self-injury (27.57%). The scores of loneliness, depressive symptoms, parental conflict evaluated by students and their mothers were (4.38±; 1.87), (7.32±; 6.06), (14.10±; 8.03) and (3.04±; 3.19), respectively. The results of structural equation model analysis showed that parental conflict had no direct effect on non-suicidal self-injury, but loneliness (β=0.074, 95%CI: 0.038-0.114) and depressive symptoms (β=0.096, 95%CI: 0.061-0.136) played indirect effects on interparental conflict and non-suicidal self-injury, and they also exerted a chain mediating effect (β=0.064, 95%CI: 0.037-0.095) (all P<; 0.05). Conclusion Interparental conflict can impact adolescent non-suicidal self-injury through the mediating effects of adolescent loneliness and depressive symptoms.

Objective To evaluate T2WI sequence and liver acquisition with volume acceleration (LAVA) technique in the diagnosis of early endometrial carcinoma on 3.0 T MR scanner. Methods Twenty-seven patients with endometrial carcinoma confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed. MRI sequences included axial T1WI and sagittal T2WI with fat saturation, axial and sagittal LAVA scanning including four phases: early arterial phase, late arteral phase, parenchymal phase and delayed phase. The tumor location, signal features, and myometrial infiltration by tumor were recorded and preoperative staging was compared with pathologic results. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of T2WI and LAVA in diagnosing endometrial carcinoma was assessed. The accuracy of the evaluation of the deep myometrium infiltration was compared between the two sequences using Fisher's exact test. Results According to Federation International of Gynecologie and Obstetrigue (FIGO) standard, 27 patients with endometrial carcinoma were classified as: stage Ⅰ in 22 cases, stage Ⅱ in 5 cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values in assessing deep myometrium infiltration were 70.0% (7/10), 94. 1% (16/17), 87. 5% (7/8), 84. 2% (16/19) respectively for T2WI sequence. Its accuracy in assessing myometrium invasion was 85.2% (23/27). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 80. 0% (8/10), 94. 1% ( 16/17 ), 88. 9% (8/9), 88. 9% ( 16/18 ) respectively for LAVA sequence, and the accuracy was 88.9% (24/27). There was no statistical difference of accuracy between two techniques( P = 1.00). Conclusion 3.0 T MR T2WI sequence has important role in diagnosing early endometrial carcinoma, and LAVA technique is highly valued in preoperative diagnosis and staging in early endometrial carcinoma for myometrium infiltration.

Objective To explore the enhancement patterns of pulmonary carcinomas by contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS).Methods Thirty-eight patients with pulmonary carcinomas proven by pathology[28 with peripheral pulmonary carcinomas and 10 central pulmonary carcinoma with obstructive atelectasis(OA)]were examined by baseline ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound,then the arrival time(AT),time to peak(TTP)were analyzed with time-intensity curve analysis software and the dynamic enhancement pattern of each lesion was assessed.Results Twenty-four peripheral pulmonary carcinomas demonstrated delayed AT about 6-16 s after application of contrast medium,three lesions demonstrated early AT about 4-5 s and one lesion demonstrated absence of contrast enhancement.The lesions exhibited hyper-,hypo- and non-enhancement were 14,13 and 1,respectively.Seventeen lesions were heterogenous enhanced with non-enhanced necrosis areas and enhanced septa,while ten lesions homogeneous enhanced and one lesion no enhanced.Ten central pulmonary carcinoma with OA demonstrated a characteristic pattern:OA appeared a short AT(mean AT 4.8 s)until enhancement and strong contrast enhancement,while the central tumors appeared a delayed AT(mean AT 10.5 s)and faint enhancement.Conclusions CEUS can be useful in differentiation between solid and cystic pulmonary lesions,and detection of the latent lesions underlying the atelectasis.

Objective To develop the clinical application of tandem mass spectrometry in earlystage diagnosis of patients with growth retardation.Methods Tandem mass spectrometry was used to quantitatively detect blood amino acids and acyl carnitine in 155 cases of children with growth retardation.The tandem mass spectrometry results,clinical symptoms,and treatment tracking results were analyzed.Results Ten patients with inborn metabolic absence of amino acids and acyl carnitine were confirmed including four cases of methylmalonic acidemia,one case of propionic acidemia,one case of medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency,one case of ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency,and three cases of phenylketonuria.Conclusions Tandem mass spectrometry was helpful for some patients in etiologic diagnosis and therapeutic effect assessment of cerebral developmental retardation.