Objective To research the consonant pronunciation of patients with spastic dysarthria as a result of cerebral palsy and supply a theoretical basis for their rehabilitation.Methods Twenty-eight cerebral palsy patients with spastic dysarthria were examined using a dysarthria examination scale developed by the China Rehabilitation Research Center.The whole process of the tests was recorded using Cool Edit recording software.Praat4 was used to evaluate their pronunciation according to the pronunciation criteria of “experimental phonology”.Their error rates on 21 consonants were counted and the characteristics of the articulation errors were summarized.Results According to the location of articulation,the inaccuracy rates on labials,dentals,apicals,blade-palatals,palatals and velars in the 28 patients were 21％,71％,53％,71％,54％ and 36％ respectively.Conclusions Patients with spastic dysarthria as a result of cerebral palsy have the most difficulty pronouncing dentals and blade-palatal consonants.They find labial consonants the easiest.

OBJECTIVE: To establish HPLC fingerprint of flavonoids from Bauhinia blakeana and to provide reference for harvest, application and quality evaluation of B. blakeana. METHODS: RP-HPLC method was used to determine the content of flavonoids from 10 batches of B. blakeana from different habitats and in different harvest periods with rutin and quercetin as control. The similarity was calculated using TCM fingerprint similarity evaluation system. The separation was performed on Hypersil ODS C18(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.4% phosphoric acid solution (gradient elution) at flow rate of 0.7 mL?min-1 lasting for 40 min. The UV detection wavelength was set at 360 nm and column temperature was at 25℃. RESULTS: The results showed that 14 peaks were common. The similarity index of 10 batches B. blakeana samples were between 0.88 and 0.94. The results indicated chemical components were similar but content of the compounds was different. CONCLUSION: Established HPLC fingerprint of B. blakeana is stable, reliable and reproducible, which is valuable for harvest, application and quality evaluation of B. blakeana.

BACKGROUND: Hypogonadism happens gradually with body aging. Traditional Chinese medicine views that deficiency of essential qi is the chief reason for body aging. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of tiannianyin, the Chinese herb , on serum testosterone, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in testicular tissue and expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen of spermatogenic cells in testes in subacute senile rats induced by D-galactose. DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment. SETTING: Basic Medicine Institute of Chengde Medical College. MATERIALS: The experiment was perlormed in Basic Medicine Institute of Chengde Medical College from April to July 2003, in which, 40 adult male SD rats were employed and randomized into 4 groups, 10 rats in each .In normal group, no any management was done. In model group, medication group and negative control, D-galactosie was used for abdominal injection continuously at 200 mg (kg·d), once a day, totally for 40 days to prepare the model of subacute senile animal. In model group, no any management was done after modeling success. In medication group, gastric infusion with tiannianyin. Tiannianyin was administrated everyday after modeling success, once a day, totally for 30 days. In negative control, gastric infusion with physiological saline of same dosage was administrated after modeling success for same days. METHODS: Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for determination of serum testosterone content, xanthine oxidase assay was used for determination of SOD activity in testicular tissue and immunohistochemical method was used to observe expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in rats of every group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① serum testosterone content; ② SOD activity in testicular tissue; ③ expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen of spermatogenic cells. RESULTS: Forty rats all entered result analysis. ① Serum testosterone content: That in model group was lower than normal group(P ＜ 0.05), and that in medication group was higher than model group(P ＜ 0.05). ② SOD activity in testicular tissue: That in model group was lower remarkably than normal group(P ＜ 0.01), and that in medication group was higher remarkably than model group(P ＜ 0.01). ③ Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen of spermatogenic cells: That in model group was lower than normal group(P ＜ 0.05), and that in medication group was higher remarkably than model group(P ＜ 0.05). CONCLUSION: Tiannianyin delays degeneration of reproductive function and aging of certain degree.

BACKGROUND: In follow of the gradual decrease of senile gonad function in the body, traditional Chinese medicine views that deficiency of essential qi is the chief reason of body senility. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of tian nian yin on serum testosterone content, superoxide dismutase activity in testicular tissue and apoptosis of testicular seminiferous cell in subacute senile rats. DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment. SETTING: Human Anatomy Department of Chengde Medical College. MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Institute of Basic Medicine of Chengde Medical College from April to July 2003, in which,40 SD male rats were employed and randomized into 4 groups, 10 rats in each group. In model group, medicinal group and the control, D-galactose was injected 200 mg/(kg·d) to prepare subacute senile animal model, once a day, continuously for 40 days. No any management was given in model group after modeling success. In medicinal group, gastric infusion with tian nian yin [composed of zhi heshouwu (Radix Polygoni Mutiflori Preparatea),huainiuxi (Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae), roucongrong (Herba Cistanchis),fuling (Poria), danshen (Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae) and yinyanghuo (Herba Epimedii), it was decocted till 1.5 g/mL with raw herbs contained] was administrated once a day, totally for 30 days after modeling success. In the control, gastric infusion was administrated with physiological saline of same usage as the medicinal group after modeling success. INTERVENTIONS: In every group, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine testosterone content in serum. Xanthine oxidase assay (XOD) was used to determine superoxide dismutase activity in testicular tissue and immunohistochemical method (IHC) was used to observe apoptosis of testicular seminiferous cell. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Testosterone content in serum. ②Superoxide dismutase activity in testicular tissue. ③ Apoptosis of testicular seminiferous cell RESULTS: Forty rats all entered result analysis. ① Testosterone content in serum: Testosterone content in model group was lower than normal group [(0.52±0.15) μg/L, (1.26 0.32) μg/L, (t=3.004, P ＜ 0.05)], and that in medicinal group was higher than model group [(1.16±0.32) μg/L,(0.52 0.15) μg/L, (t=2.321, P ＜ 0.05)]. ② Superoxide dismutase activity in testicular tissue: Superoxide dismutase activity in model group was lower remarkably than the normal group [(107.22±9.33) kNU/g, (147.73±11.90) kNU/g,(t=13.339, P ＜ 0.01)], and that in medicinal group was higher remarkably than model group [(141.05±14.57) kNU/g, (107.22±9.33) kNU/g, (t=9.970,P ＜ 0.01)]. ③ Apoptosis of testicular seminiferous cell: Percentage of apoptotic seniniferous tubule and apoptotic rate of positive cell in model group were higher remarkably thannormal group respectively [(53.95 ±2.02)％compared with (34.21±2.10)％, (8.67±0.80)％ compared with (3.86±0.52)％,(x2=7.9, P ＜ 0.01, x2=5.01, P ＜ 0.05)], and those in medicinal group were lower remarkably than model group[(35.33±2.18)％ compared with (53.95±2.02)％, (4.68±0.74)％ compared with (8.67±0.80)％, (x2=7.02, P ＜ 0.01, x2=3.96, P ＜ 0.05)]. CONCLUSION: The apoptosis of testicular seminiferous cell was increased in senile modelgroup. Tian nian yin in gastric infusion decreased apoptotic rate of positive cell. It is explained that tian nian yin eliminates surplus oxygenic free radical, decreases apoptosis and improves seminiferous function in animal model.

Objective This paper aimed to evaluate the effect of preoperative embolization on the intraoperative blood loss of sacrum chordoma.Methods forty patients involved with the spinal chordoma were retrospectively analyzed in this study.The preoperative embolization group consisted of 16 sacrum chordoma patients were embolizationed by gelatin sponge particles (10 male and6 female)age from 35 to 71 years old,(mean 57.9 years) ; and the control group consisted of 4 sacrum chordoma patients (3 male and 1 female),age from 43 to 61 years old(mean 51.8 years).analyzed the predictive value of preoperative embolization in correlation with the intraoperative blood loss.Results The mean blood loss (2025.0 ±818.5)ml of sacrum chordoma in the preoperative embolization group was insignificantly than that (1950.0 ± 802.1) ml in the control group,(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The study shows that the preoperative feeding artery embolization of the spinal tumor has no significant effect on the intraoperative blood loss in the surgical excision of the sacrum chordoma.

Objective This report investigate the intervention effect of the water extract of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruit (AOF)on memory impairment and the mechanism in cerebral ischemia rats. Methods 48 Rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group(n=12), ischemia group(n=12), AOF group Ⅰ( n= 12)and AOF group Ⅱ (n= 12). The model of transient cerebral ischemic/reperfusion was made by bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries in rats and combination with reducing blood pressure with an abdominal injection of so-dium nitroprusside. Learning-memory ability was observed by step through test. The content of NO and the activi-ties of NOS were measured in hippocampus. Results In step through test,the latency in ischemia group[(143.8±65.2)s]significantly decreased, the number of errors (8.9±4.2 ) significantly increased compared with sham-operated group [latency: (257.2±67.1 ) s; number of errors: (1.7±1.1 ), P<0.01 ]. The latency in AOF group Ⅰ and AOF group Ⅱ[(186.5±46.2) s, (193.4±43.7 ) s ] significantly increased, the number of errors (6.1±2.9,5.2±2.1 ) significantly decreased compared with ischemia group(P<0.05, P<0.01). In hippocampus, the content of NO and the activities of NOS in ischemia group [(56.53±27.42) nmol/mg prot, (17.23±5.64) nmol/mg prot] significantly increased compared with sham-operated group[ (40.02±17.9 ) nmol/mg prot, ( 10.46±6.15)nmol/mg prot], and in AOF group Ⅰ and AOF group Ⅱ [content of NO:group Ⅰ (46.60 ±20. 26)nmol/mg prot,group Ⅱ (42.38±21.23) nmol/mg prot ;activities of NOS:group Ⅰ (13.98±5.13 ) nmol/mg pint,group Ⅱ(13.61±5.27) nmol/mg prot] significantly decreased compared with ischemia group(P<0.05). Conclu-sion AOF could significantly ameliorate the memory impairment in cerebral ischemic rats. Its effects may be in-volved in the decrease of content of NO and activities of NOS in hippocampus.

Recent years have witnessed great development of TLA (Total Laboratory Automation) technology, however, its application hit the bottleneck of high cost and openess to other parties' instruments. Specifically speaking, the initial purchase of the medical devices requires large sum of money and the new system can hardly be compatible with existing equipment. This thesis proposes a new thought for system implementation that through incremental upgrade, the initial capital investment can be reduced and through open architecture and interfaces, the seamless connection of different devices can be achieved. This thesis elaborates on the standards that open architecture design should follow in aspect of mechanics, electro-communication and information interaction and the key technology points in system implementation.
Automation, Laboratory ; Computer Systems

Objective To summarize the clinical features of chronic ruptured patellar tendon, and introduce the augmentation technique of repair of chronic ruptured patellar tendon with high strength polyester sutures and postoperative rehabilitation.Methods Six cases of chronic patellar tendon rupture were treated and reinforced with high strength polyester sutures from 2002 to 2007.Patellar tendon ruptures was primary end Ho -end repaired, and reinforced with 4 polyester sutures that were passed through in-traosseous tunnels within the patella and tibial tubercle.The surgery reestablished knee extensor continuity and restored the length of patellar tendon.Augmentation techniques were reliable, and allowed patients to walk and bend the knee, regain adequate quadriceps strength early.Postoperative rehabilitation: on the 1st day after surgery, walking upright and passive flexion of 90° was allowed, and brace protection was unnecessary; 3 weeks later, straight leg raise; 6 weeks later, brisk walking; 12 weeks later, squatting and climbing stairs; 6 months later, sports was allowed, including the jump and kick.Results All patients were followed up from 1 to 5 years.No patient sustained a re-rupture.All patients satisfied with their result.The Lysholm score were 100.Kach knee had restored full range of motion 6 months later, and regained adequate quadriceps strength.Conclusion Augmentation techniques with high strength polyester sutures is reliable and demonstrate good intermediate to long-term results.It can avoid re-operation for removal of the cerclage wire, allow patients to walk and bend the knee, regain adequate quadriceps strength early.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of total parenteral nutrition in the treatment of severe neonates.Methods 45 severe neonates were treated with their essential while injected nutritious liquid.At the same time some concemed targets were tested.Results 2 cases died in 45 neonates,server infections and sudden stop of heartthrob and breath being the causes of death,and the others achieyed satisfactory result.The average body mass increased by 15/30g/d during parenteral nutrition.Conclusion Total parenteral nutrition was clinically significant for increasing the body weight of severe neonates,and it was safe,effective and supportive.

Objective:To detect and compare the intensity of gingipain K(Kgp)in culture medium and cell extract of Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.gingivalis)isolates in puberty gingivitis,and then to reveal the possible relationship between Kgp and puberty gingivitis.Methods:36 patients with puberty gingivitis aged from 14 to 17 years were enrolled.Clinical parameters including GI,SBI and PD were evaluated before subgingival plaque samples collection.Subgingival plaque samples were collected and then P.gingivalis isolates were obtained.16S rRNA PCR was used to confirm the presence of P.gingivalis in clinical isolates.Bacteria were cultured in BHI agar base and harvested at the end of log-phase growth.Culture fractions of P.gingivalis(culture medium and cell extracts)were performed with SDS-PAGE and Western blot technique using primary antibody against specific anti-Kgp N-terminal IgG subdomain.The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 11.5 software.The relationship between the Kgp intensity and the clinical parameters was statistically analyzed using sum rank test.Results:There was positive correlation between the intensity of Kgp N-terminal IgG subdomain and the clinical parameters(P