In the past few years, people have a new understanding of the mechanism of Epigenetic disease. Epigenetic modification processes involved in human disease include DNA methylation, histone acetylation and methylation, RNA-associated silencing.Epigenetic modification related with cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, transformation and tumor progression-related gene transcription. There has been a long time that the gene mutations involved in tumor formation. In recent years.more and more evidences that genetic and epigenetic modifications leading to the formation of tumors. Epigenetic modifications has also play a very important role in the formation of tumors. This article discussed the DNA methylation.histone post-translational modification anomalies and small interference RNA impact on the formation of leukemia. It provides new prospects for the treatment of leukemia.

Manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) optic nerve tracing in vivo is a technology which can reflect the axonal transport status and visual pathway connection by utilizing divalent manganese ion's transportability in axons and its characteristics of paramagnetism,and such potential optic nerve tract-tracing technique has been widely used in ophthalmologic research.Mn2+ enters the neurons through the voltage-gating Ca2+ channel and is transported by microtubule system which is not depended on cellular electric activity.However,the trans-synaptic transport of Mn2+ relies on membrane potential.Taking advantages of MEMRI,optic nerve injury-related research could be implemented.Mn2+ is an intracellular contrast agent with metal toxicity,so low dose,fractionated,targeted delivery of Mn2+ is recommended to alleviate the adverse effects of Mn2+.Herein,the mechanism of divalent manganese ion optic nerve tracing,application of MEMRI in ophthalmologic research field,drug delivery approach of divalent Mn2+ and its toxicity were summarized.

The responsibility system of attending doctors plays a positive role in raising hospital efficiency and optimizing medical resources deployment.For the change in the subject of medical liabilities following the introduction of this system,medical management needs to shift from department management to doctor management instead.In the meantime,appropriate rules and regulations are needed to normalize the roles and behavior of the medical office,department heads,and attending doctors in medical activities.This will ensure the successful operation of this responsibility system,and generate ideal medical,economic and social outcomes.

[Objective]To review the effect of treatment in chronic kidney disease and its preparation of Cordyceps sinensis. [Methods] By searching and reading the literature, to study the therapeutic effects of Cordyceps sinensis and its preparation on chronic kidney disease.[Results] Cordyceps and its prepa-ration could significantly decrease the proteinuria in patients with chronic kidney disease, serum creatinine level, significant improvement in renal fibrosis, and delay the progression of renal function. [Conclusion] Cordyceps and its preparation have obvious curative effect on chronic kidney disease.

According to the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), atopic dermatitis (AD) is believed that it is caused by innate constitutional insufficiency and dysfuction of heart and spleen. Thus, the treatment includes strengthening the spleen and clearing dampness, nourishing blood and moisturing skin. This paper reviewed literature about the researches on AD, and summarized the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease in order to investigate new treatment.

Blind review is one of the most important milestones in clinical trials, which connects data management process to statistical analysis. During blind review, data quality should be reviewed and assessed on both data management and statistical aspects. The primary work of data managers in blind review is to ensure the accuracy of data before it is handed over to biostatistics group. Database auditing, listing data reviewing and reconciliation should become a good clinical data management practice. Statisticians, on the other hand, will focus on quality findings related to protocol deviations or protocol violations. To investigate the protocol deviations and/or violations and relevant impacts on data outcomes, it is important to provide the essential basis of data quality through the blind review, and to assess the reliability of study outcomes.

Bacterial cellulose,as a new material,due to its unique nano-fiber mesh structure with good purity,physical and chemical properties such as mechanical strength and water holding capacity,biocompatibility and adaptability,has been widely used in medicine,food,paper,textile,acoustical materials and other industries.In medical field,especially,it has been rapidly developed in recent years.This review discusses the current bacterial cellulose and its performance optimization products which relates to the medical applications.

AIM:To observe the effect of wearing glasses with full correction or under-correction on the development of juvenile myopia.
METHODS:This study included 132 cases ( 264 eyes ) from January 2008 to September 2012 who were collected from our clinic. They were divided into 2 groups, full correction and under- correction. Students in group 1 wore glasses with full correction, students in group 2 wore glasses with under-correction 0. 25D to 0. 5D lower than normal. Reexamination was done every 6mo. After 12mo, refractions were checked, the development of myopia was compared.
RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between two groups after 6mo ( P=0. 0693 );however, there were significant differences after 12mo( P=0. 0013).
CONCLUSION:The development of myopia is slow if students often wear glasses with full correction.

Objective: To explore auxiliary diagnostic value of fragmented QRS complex on ECG for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods: Clinical data of 102 AMI patients (AMI group) and 132 CHD patients (CHD) group, who were treated in our hospital from Apr 2013 to Apr 2014, were retrospectively studied, another 120 healthy subjects undergoing physical examination in our hospital during the same period were regarded as normal control group.AMI was diagnosed by myocardial perfusion tomography, all subjects received ECG examination, and incidence rates of fragmented QRS complex and pathological Q wave at different sites were recorded.Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of fragmented QRS complex and pathological Q wave diagnosing AMI were compared.Results: Incidence rate of fragmented QRS complex was highest on inferior wall in AMI group, and that of pathological Q wave was highest on anterior wall in AMI group.Except fragmented QRS complex in sidewall, compared with normal control group, there were significant rise in incidence rates of fragmented QRS complex on anterior wall (0.8% vs.22.5%, 13.6%) and inferior wall (6.7% vs.26.5%, 17.4%);pathological Q wave on anterior wall (0 vs.41.2%, 29.5%), inferior wall (0.8% vs.40.2%, 35.6%) and side wall (0 vs.2%, 2.3%) in AMI group and CHD group, P<0.01 all.Compared with pathological Q wave, there was significant rise in diagnosing sensitivity for AMI (40.00% vs.89.47%), for CHD (41.94% vs.91.50%) of fragmented QRS complex (P<0.01 both), but there were no significant difference in specificity and accuracy between them (P>0.05 all).Conclusion: Fragmented QRS complex can be used as an important auxiliary index diagnosing acute myocardial infarction.When combined with pathological Q wave, it can further improve diagnostic value of ECG for acute myocardial infarction.

Aim To investigate the effect of Sonic Hedgehog on normal hearts and hypoxic-ischemic myo-cardial cells. Methods A method for left anterior de-scending artery ( LAD ) ligation was employed to con-struct the myocardial infarction model, and ultrasonic cardiogram was used for identification. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect expressions of Shh, Ptch-1, Smo and Gli-1 in H9C2 cells and H2 O2-induced H9C2 cells, and that in 12 ca-ses of myocardial infarction tissues and 9 cases of nor-mal myocardium, respectively. Agonist and antagonist of Shh pathway were adminstered in the hypoxic-ische-mic myocardial H2 O2-induced H9C2 cell model, and once again expressions and strength of Shh, Ptch-1, Smo, Gli-1 were detected. Results Shh and Gli-1 were not expressed in normal hearts, but expressed in hearts with myocardial infarction;Ptch-1 and Smo were expressed in both normal hearts and hearts with myo-cardial infarction. Under the action of agonist, expres-sions of Shh and Gli-1 increased in the hypoxic-ische-mic H9C2 cell model. Similarly, Shh and Gli-1 were not expressed in normal H9C2 cells, but in H2 O2-in-duced H9C2 cells, and Ptch-1 and Smo were expressed in both normal H9C2 and in H2 O2-induced H9C2 cells. Conclusion Shh signaling pathway can be acti-vated in the condition of ischemia and oxidative stress, and then it promotes the repairing of myocardial cell damage.