[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the effect of miR-3195 on the proliferation of laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells and its molecular mechanism. Methods: From January 2008 to August 2012, the laryngeal cancer tissues and their corresponding paracancerous tissues from 29 patients with laryngeal cancer who were admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chenzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to teaching hospital of University of South China were selected for this study. qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-3195 in laryngeal carcinoma and the paracancerous tissues; Hep-2 cell line with stable and high expression of miR-3195 was constructed. The proliferation of miR-3195 over-expressed Hep-2 cells and the control cells was observed by MTT method. A nude mouse xenograft model was established to observe the proliferation of miR-3195 overexpressed Hep-2 cells in nude mice. Bioinformatics tools were used to predict the target gene of miR-3195; the luciferase vector of TBX1 3'UTR was constructed, and its luciferase activity was examined with dual luciferase detection system; Western blotting was used to detect the TBX1 protein expression in miR-3195 over-expressed cells and control cells. Results: The expression of miR-3195 in laryngeal carcinoma tissues was significantly lower than that in paracancerous tissues (P<0.01); miR-3195 up-regulation could inhibit the proliferation of Hep-2 cells (P<0.01) and significantly inhibit the growth of transplanted tumors in nude mice (P<0.05); The results of the Dual luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that miR-3195 might targetedly bind to TBX1 (P<0.05), and Western blotting proved that miR-3195 could inhibit the expression of TBX1 protein (P<0.05). Conclusion: miR-3195 has a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Hep-2 cells, and its molecular mechanism may be related to the negative regulation of TBX1 expression.