Objective To summarize the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutation spectrum in Chinese children with cystic fibrosis(CF).Methods The data of Chinese children with CF reported in China national knowledge infrastructure,wanfang database,VIP journal database,PubMed were collected.The CFTR gene mutations of the patients retrieved and summarized,1 case diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital,Guangzhou Medical University were summarized.Inclusion criteria included:data from published literature,the cases reported were Chinese children with CF and with CFTR gene mutations.Exclusive criteria included:repetitive reports,undiagnosed patients,or patients without CFTR gene mutations.Results There were 58 Chinese children with CF,and 61 CFTR gene mutations were found.The CFTR gene mutations were ranked in order from more to less as the following:c.2909G→A (p.G970D) (9 times);1898 ±5G→T,which was not found in Caucasians,and c.263T→G(6 times respectively);c.3196 C--→T,c.1766 ± 5 G→T,c.3068 T→ G (5 times respectively);2215 insG,c.1666A→ G (4 times respectively);G2816A,c.293A→G,c.595C→T,c.326A→G (3 times respectively);c.3635delT,c.2907A→C,c.648 G→A (W216X),c.960_961insA (1092insA),c.1075C→T,c.1699G→T,c.2491-126T→C,c.3307delA and c.110 C→G were novel observation.△F508 was not found.Conclusions The most common CFTR gene mutation is c.2909G→A (p.G970D) in Chinese children with CF.△ F508 which is the most common mutation in Caucasian not found in Chinese children with CF.The gene mutation spectrum of CFTR in Chinese children with CF is significantly different from those in European and American countries.

Objective To investigate a method to detect the sentinel lymph nodes(SN) of thyroid papillary carcinoma and its predictive value for cervical metastasis of carcinoma. Methods Intraoperative methylene blue dye mapping was performed in 24 cases of thyroid papillary carcinoma. The coincidence rate of frozen section pathology and routine section pathology of SN was observed,and the predictive value of SN for (metastasis) of the cervical lymph nodes was noted. Results SN was successfully detected in 21(87.5%) of 24 cases. The average number of SN was 3 nodes. There was one false negative case, the false negative rate was 4.8%(1/24), and no false positive cases were found. The predictive value of sentinel lymph nodes to (cervical) lymph node metastasis was 83.3%.Conclusions Methylene blue staining to identify sentinel lymph nodes could accurately predict the status of cervical lymph node metastasis of thyroid papillary carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the use ofultrasonically activated scalpel (UAS) in open thyroid surgery. METHODS From February 2004 to March 2005, thyroidectomy were performed in 77 cases by the same operation team. Forty seven cases received UAS thyroidectomy and 30 cases underwent conventional thyroidectomy. The operation time, estimated blood loss in operation, postoperative draining volume within the 24 hours, the length of hospitalization and postoperative complications between two groups were compared. RESULTS The average operation time of lobectomy and total/subtotal thyroidectomy in the UAS group were 61?4.34 and 85?3.02 minutes, and in conventional group were 82?3.37 and 121? 2.51 minutes. There was a significant difference in average operation time (P0.05). CONCLUSION The use of UAS in thyroid surgery was safe and can reduce the operation time.

Objective To prepare human adenovirus type 4 (Ad4) vector expressing enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP). Methods This study used a previously prepared plasmid pBRAd4 containing the whole genome DNA of Ad4-GZ01 strain. The Ad4 genome E3 region of pBRAd4 was deleted and replaced with the EGFP expression frame by conventional molecular cloning method. Then the recombi-nant plasmid was transfected into AD293 cells to rescue recombinant virus which was identified by sequen-cing,SDS-PAGE and ELISA. The purified virions were injected to mice and the induced immune responses were detected by ELISA and microneutralization test. Results The recombinant Ad4 vector rAd4EGFP ex-pressing EGFP was obtained and could be recognized and neutralized by monoclonal antibody MN4b and an-tisera against Ad4. The Ad4-specific and EGFP-specific antibodies with high titers could be detected in mice immunized with rAd4EGFP. Conclusion Human Ad4 vector expressing EGFP was successfully obtained and could be used in research on vaccine development,drug evaluation and transgene vector.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of Xing's ureteroileal anastomosis technique in radical cystectomy.Methods:The data of 38 patients who underwent radical cystectomy with Xing's ureteroileal anastomosis technique at Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from July 2013 to June 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 30 males and 8 females. The mean age was 61.6±15.1 years old. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.1±2.7 kg/m 2. The American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) graded 25 cases as grade 1, 10 cases as grade 2 and 3 cases as grade 3. There were 35 cases with stage cT 2N 0M 0 and 3 cases with cT 3N 0M 0. All patients underwent radical cystectomy and ileal conduit, and the ureteroileal anastomosis was performed using the Xing's ureteroileal anastomosis technique. Afferent loop entry was divided equally into two lumens. After 1.5 cm-long lengthwise incisions, each ureter was directly and end-to-end anastomosed to the aforementioned lumens. Postoperative information was recorded, including ureteric stricture, ureteric reflux, hydronephrosis, anastomotic leakage, renal calculus, urinary tract infection, and pyelonephritis. Results:Ureteroileal anastomosis was performed successfully in 38 cases with 76 units. The median follow-up time was 35.6 (17.0, 46.3) months. Three patients developed unilateral anastomotic stenosis after operation. Five patients had unilateral ureteral reflux. Two patients had unilateral hydronephrosis. No anastomotic leakage, urinary tract infection, or pyelonephritis occurred after the operation. Renal calculus appeared in 3 cases, all on the left unit.Conclusions:Xing's ureteroileal anastomosis technique is a simple method with few postoperative and good functional outcomes.

Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone containing a peroxide group isolated from the plant Artemisia annua. It has antimalarial activity and is effective for the treatment of malaria. With the deepening of research on artemisinin， the pharmacological effects of artemisinin and its derivatives in other systems have gradually become a research hotspot. This article reviews the research progress of artemisinin and its derivatives in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Artemisinin and its derivatives in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease have shown anti-atherosclerosis， lipid- lowering， inhibition of vascular remodeling， reducing vascular pressure， improving ventricular remodeling， anti-arrhythmia， protection of vascular endothelium， prevention and treatment of diabetic cardiovascular complications and protection of myocardial cells and other pharmacological effects. It provides a new treatment strategy for common cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension， arrhythmia， coronary heart disease complications after stent implantation， hyperlipidemia， etc. However， there are few studies on the antiplatelet aggregation and antithrombotic effects of artemisinin and its derivatives， the molecular mechanisms behind many pharmacological effects have not yet been clarified， and there is little clinical application. A large number of basic studies and clinical trials are still needed to answer these questions.

Objective : To investigate the clinicopathological features and survival rate of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients in China. Methods: The clinicopathological characteristics, stage, treatment modality, and 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rate of 1 915 OCSCC patients who received initial treatment at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from 1990 to 2013 were collected and analyzed. The clinicopathological characteristics, stage, treatment modality, and 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rate of OCSCC patients treated during the successive decades of 1990-1999, 2000-2009, and 2010-2013 were analyzed retrospectively to show the trends over time. Results : The average age of all OCSCC patients who received initial treatment at this cancer center from 1990 to 2013 was 54.8 years (SD, 12.6 years). The sex ratio was approximately 2:1. The oral tongue was the site most prone for OCSCC, accounting for 63.6% of all cases. The proportions of early-stage (Ⅰ-Ⅱ) and advanced-stage (Ⅲ-Ⅳ) cases were approximate. Regarding the treatment modality, surgery-based treatment accounted for 80.4%. Survival analysis showed that the 5-year DSS rate of all cases was 57%. Survival decreased with age. The survival of females, nonsmokers, and nondrinkers was higher than that of males, smokers, and drinkers. The 5-year DSS rates of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lips, oral tongue, and other sites of the oral cavity were 81%, 63%, and 42%, respectively. The 5-year DSS rates of patients who received surgery-based treatment and nonsurgical treatment were 66% and 19%, respectively. The analysis of trends over time showed that in the period of 1990-1999 and 2010-2013, the age and sex ratio were relatively stable. The proportion of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lips and oral tongue gradually decreased, while the proportion of those with squamous cell carcinoma of the other sites of the oral cavity gradually increased. The proportion of surgery-based treatment increased from 77.7% to 91.3%. The 5-year DSS rate gradually increased from 53% in 1990-1999 to 64% in 2010-2013. The 5-year DSS rate of female patients increased significantly from 55% to 78%. However, the 5-year DSS rate of male patients was relatively stable. The 5-year DSS rate of patients who received surgery-based treatment gradually increased from 62% to 69%. Conclusion The 5-year DSS rate has steadily improved for OCSCC patients at this cancer center from 1990-2013, especially in female patients. The 5-year DSS rate of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue has reached the rate in developed countries worldwide. The proportion and survival rate of patients who received surgery-based treatment gradually increased. The survival rate of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the other sites of the oral cavity was significantly lower than that of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lips and oral tongue, suggesting that more effort should be put into the treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the other sites of the oral cavity to improve the survival rate in the future.