Objective To investigate the changes in the proportion of regulatory T (Treg) cells and in the levels of cytokines secreted by these cells in the peripheral blood in the patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Methods The enrolled subjects consisted of 30 CML patients who were newly diagnosed , 20 CML patients who were under the effective treatment of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BCR-ABL 210 transcript ratio is below 10%) and 20 healthy donors whose age and sex were matched .Flow cytometry was used to detect CD4+CD25 high CD127 low /-Treg cells and CD4+ T cells.The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the plasma concentra -tions of interleukin-10(IL-10), transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) and IL-35.Results The proportions of Treg cells in CD4+ T cells were similar among the three groups .As concerns the three kinds of Treg-associated cy-tokines, there were no significant differences in the plasma concentrations of IL -10 among the three groups.Howev-er, compared with the treatment group and the control group , the plasma concentrations of TGF -β1 and IL-35 in the newly diagnosed patients significantly increased (P <0.001), with no significant difference between the treat -ment group and the control group.Conclusion Though the proportion of Treg cells did not significantly change in the newly diagnosed patients, the plasma concentrations of TGF-β1 and IL-35 indeed significantly enhanced , sug-gesting the dysfunction of Treg cells in the newly diagnosed patients might be associated with the progression of dis -ease.Effective treatment of tyrosine kinase inhibitors could down -regulate the plasma levels of these cytokines to baseline, suggesting that monitoring these cytokines might evaluate the efficacy of therapy .

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the influence of drug price reduction and regulation of purchase on the use of anti-infectives in our hospital.METHODS:The use of anti-infectives in5times of drug price reduction was retrospective anal?ysed.RESULTS:The proportion of the sum of money for consumption of anti-infectives in the total sum for drug consumption dropped year by year but the total DDDc of anti-infectives increased year by year.The DDDs and the total DDDc of all kinds of anti-infectives showed different characteristics.CONCLUSION:The macroscopic price reduction for anti-infectives posi?tively affects the rational use of anti-infectives,yet the effect is limited.Microcosmic regulation of purchase offers an indis?pensable effect.

AIM:To study the effect of proprotein convertases (PCs) on the transforming growth factor (TGF) ?1-induced inhibition of HBV replication.METHODS:HepG2.2.15 cells cultured regularly were exposed to recombinant TGF?1 at concentration of 2 ?g/L or 5 ?g/L and/or PC inhibitor at concentration of 20 ?mol/L for 18 h.The total RNA and HBV core particle DNA were extracted from these cells,and PC mRNA and core-associated HBV DNA were detected by real-time PCR technique.RESULTS:The mRNA expression levels of 7 PCs in HepG2.2.15 cells were observed with various degrees.Recombinant TGF?1 significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of all PCs except for the down-regulation of PC5 /6,though PC1 /3 and PC2 were up-regulated most obviously.Furin and PACE4 were the predominant PCs before and after TGF?1 exposure when the basic mRNA expression was taken into account.Further study showed that TGF?1-induced the inhibition of HBV replication was abrogated by PC inhibitor in HepG2.2.15 cells.CONCLUSION:TGF?1-induced the inhibition of HBV replication is mediated by the up-regulation of PCs,which might be of many implications in efficient interferences of TGF?1 on HBV replication.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was a functional component extracted from fish oil. The experiment results indicate that PUFA might inhibit platelet agglomeration induced by Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in rabbit and rat. The results also suggested that PUFA has extent effect of anti-coagulation in mice. These effects are related with dosage of giving drug.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Zuojin gastric-mucoadhesive tablets and evaluate their drug release properties in vitro. METHODS:Zuojin gastric-mucoadhesive tablets were prepared with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose K15M(HPMC-K15M),car-bomer 934P and HPMC-E50 as the bioadhesive and matrix materials,and basic magnesium carbonate(foaming material),95% al-cohol solution(adhesive)and aerosil(glidant and lubricant)as the adjuvants. With the accumulative release of total alkaloids from Coptis chinensis Franch. at 2,6 and 10 h(Q2 h,Q6 h and Q10 h)as the indexes,orthogonal design test was conducted to optimize the amounts of HPMC-K15M,carbomer 934P,HPMC-E50 and basic magnesium carbonate,and verification was carried out. Drug re-lease properties in vitro of the preparation and Zuojin conventional tablets were observed and in vitro adhesion thereof determined. RESULTS:The optimal formulation was as follows as that for 50 tablets,HPMC-K15M of 0.7 g,carbomer 934P of 0.2 g, HPMC-E50 of 3.5 g and basic magnesium carbonate of 0.4 g. The Q2 h,Q6 h and Q10 h of three batches of prepared samples were 24.32%,56.10% and 77.04% respectively. 1-12 h drug release in vitro of prepared samples was in conformity with Ritger-Peppas equation. The Q2 h of Zuojin conventional tablets and Zuojin gastric-mucoadhesive tablets were 80.46% and 24.04%,Q12 h thereof 92.15% and 95.83% and gastric adhesion thereof 24.2 and 74.0 g/cm2,respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Zuojin gastric-mucoadhesive tablets which have sustained-release effect and adhesive property have been prepared successfully.

Objective To develop a simple method of determination of sorafenib in serum by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and to explore its application in sorafenib therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).Methods Sorafenib extracted by ethyl ether-petroleum (9∶1) with internal standard of erlotinib from serum was wiped off in 60 ℃ water bath.Sorafenib was redissolved by mobile buffer and analyzed by 40 μl.Chromatographic column was Symmetry Rp18 (5 μm,4.6 mm×250 mm,waters) column in normal temperature.The mobile buffer was 28 mmol/L acetate buffer (pH 5.8)-acetonitrile (37∶63).Sorafenib and erlotinib were detected in 249 nm and 335 nm,respectively.Results The concentration range of sorafenib was 0.50-20.00 μg/ml (r =0.9999).The within-day and between-day accuracies of sorafenib were less than 4.77 ％ and 8.79 ％,respectively.The average recovery rate was 98.48 ％.Sorafenib was stable in serum or after extraction.The concentrations of sorafenib in two patients were detected.Conclusion Detection of sorafenib in serum by RP-HPLC is simple and accurate,which is available to determine sorafenib in serum.The TDM of sorafenib has clinical significance.

Objeetive:To study the expression of cell adhesion molecules on the lymphatic endothelial cells In the rectum cancer and peritumoral lymph nodes as well as their relationship with the diffusion of cancer cellS. Methods: In this Study the immunhistochemistry method was employed to observe the expression of CEA, ICAM-1 and CD31 on rectum cancer lymphatic endo-thelial cells. Results :The results demonstrated that CEA and lCAM-1 were highly expressed on the lynphatio endothelial cells in the peritumoral rectum tissues and lymph nodes. It was, howev-er,negative in normal lymphatic endothelial cells. CD31 was expressed on both lymphatic endothe-Ilal cells in the periturmral rectum tissues and lymph nodes and vessel endothelial cells of the normal human. Conelusion: The study suggests that there are relationships between the dis-semination of cancer cells and excession of CEA, lCAM-1 and CD31 in lymphatic endothelial cells.The CAE and ICAM-1 seem to induce stable adhesion between oancer cells and endothelial cells.

Objective To investigate the application value and feasibility of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 304 patients with esophageal cancer who were admitted to the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University from December 2013 and July 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients underwent esophagogastric partial resection, esophagogastric cervical anastomosis and 2-field lymph node dissection under general anesthesia.The management of 195 patients guided by ERAS were allocated to the ERAS group and 109 patients receiving perioperative traditional treatments were allocated to the control group.Observing indicators included : (1) enteral and parenteral nutritional support treatments;(2) nutrient indexs: levels of serum albumin (Alb) and prealbumin;(3) the recovery of gastrointestinal function: time to anal exsufflation and defecation;(4) postoperative complications and the grading according to Clavien standard;(5) duration of postoperative hospital stay and treatment expenses;(6) risk factors affecting postoperative complications by multivariate analysis;(7) independent risk factors affecting occurrence rate of postoperative complications by univariate analysis.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as (x) ± s and analyzed using the t test.Nonnormal distribution data were analyzed by the Wilcoxon rank sum test.Comparison of repeated data was analyzed by the repeated measures ANOVA.Categorical variables were analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact probability.The multiple linear regression analysis and Logistic regression were used to measure the multivariate analysis of continuous variables and binary variable, respectively.Results (1) During the enteral and parenteral nutritional support treatments, 11 patients with surgery-related complications in the ERAS group didn't receive oral intake at postoperative day 1,26 proceeded the intravenous rehydration at postoperative day 4 due to calorie intake less than 80％ of calorie requirement, and enteral nutritional support treatment was well-tolerated in the control group.(2) Comparison of nutrient indexs : the levels of serum Alb and prealbumin at postoperative day 1, 3 and 5 were (37.2±3.9)g/L, (39.1 ±3.5)g/L, (38.5 ±3.0)g/L and (0.20 ±0.06)g/L, (0.13 ±0.04)g/L, (0.13 ±0.04)g/L in the ERAS group, (37.7 ±2.8)g/L, (39.0 ±3.6)g/L, (38.4 ±3.8)g/L and (0.18 ± 0.06) g/L, (0.13 ± 0.04) g/L, (0.13 ± 0.04) g/L in the control group, respectively, showing no significant difference in the postoperative changing trends between the 2 groups (F =0.357, 0.453, P ＞ 0.05).(3) The recovery of gastrointestinal function : time to first anal exsufflation and first defecation were (2.1 ± 0.8) days and (3.4 ± 1.2) days in the ERAS group, (3.2 ± 0.9) days and (5.5 ± 1.5) days in the control group, respectively,showing significant differences between the 2 groups (t =-10.505,-13.174, P ＜0.05).(4) There was no death in the perioperative period.The overall incidences of postoperative complications and number of patients with severe complications were 26.15％ (51/195) and 8 in the ERAS group, 30.28％ (33/109) and 8 in the control group, with no significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=0.594, 1.469, P ＞ 0.05).Eight and 10 patients in the ERAS and control groups underwent gastrointestinal decompression, 6 and 8 patients in the ERAS and control groups underwent retreatment in the intensive care unit (ICU), 3 and 2 patients in the ERAS and control groups were readmitted to the hospital at 3 weeks after discharge, with no significant difference in the above indexes (x2=0.185, 2.892, P ＞0.05).(5)The duration of postoperative hospital stay and treatment expenses were (6.8 ±2.4)days and (25 088 ±10 336)yuan in the ERAS group, (11.1 ±3.4)days and (38 819± 14 854)yuan in the control group, showing significant differences between the 2 groups (t =-12.782,-9.452,P ＜ 0.05).(6) The age, gender, preoperative weight loss ＞ 10％, tumor staging, tumor differentiation,neoadjuvant chemotherapy and time of food intake were risk factors affecting incidence of postoperative complication in patients with esophageal cancer by the univariate analysis (x2=2.484, 2.333, 0.061, 8.553,2.459, 0.163, 3.462, P ＜ 0.05).(7) The age, preoperative weight loss ＞ 10％, tumor staging and neoadjuvant chemotherapy were independent risk factors affecting incidence of postoperative complication in patients with esophageal cancer by the multivariate analysis (OR =0.365, 10.761,0.290, 8.140, 95％ confidence interval :0.198-0.671, 4.122-28.095, 0.130-0.645, 3.946-16.791, P ＜0.05), but time of food intake was not an independent risk factor (OR =0.540, 95％ CI: 0.280-1.041, P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions ERAS in the esophageal minimally invasive surgery for esophageal cancer is safe and feasible, with the advantages of shorter recovery time of gastrointestinal function and duration of hospital stay, lower treatment expenses and a better application value compared with traditional treatment.

Objective:To investigate the expression and clinical significance of 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) in glioma. Methods:12-LOX expression in 40 glioma cases and 10 normal human-brain tissues was assayed by immunohistochemistry. Clinicopathological data were analyzed to reveal the association between 12-LOX expression and prognosis of glioma patients. Results:12-LOX was weak-ly expressed in the normal human brain tissues, whereas 12-LOX was strongly expressed (72.5%) in glioma tissues (P<0.05). The strong 12-LOX expression was correlated with the histopathological grading of glioma (P=0.012), whereas 12-LOX expression was not correlated with factors such as patient gender and age, tumor size, and Karnofsky Performance Score. Median survival time was longer in the group with low 12-LOX expression (25.6 months) than in the group with high 12-LOX expression (13.2 months) (P<0.05). Con-clusion:Abnormal 12-LOX expression is implicated in glioma. 12-LOX expression was correlated with the histopathological grading of glioma and was closely associated with patient prognosis.