Intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) has been increasingly used in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases in the past 30 years.The effect of IVIG is obvious,but its mechanism of action is unclear.This review discusses the progresses in mechanism of action of IVIG in recent years,which include the F(ab) 2 and Fc receptor-mediated mechanisms of IVIG,modulation of adhesion molecules and cytokine production.We also discuss these mechanisms with respect to the different autoimmune and inflammatory diseases for which they might be relevant.

Objective To investigate the effect of Tomatis audio training on executive dysfunction in patients with stroke. Methods A total of 80 stroke patients from the Rehabilitation Branch,Tangshan Worker′s Hospital were enrolled prospectively. They were divided into either a music group or a control group (n = 40 in each group)according to random number table. On the basis of conventional rehabilitation training,both groups received music training. The patients of the control group received conventional music training (conventional frequency music without audio processing);the patients of the music group received Tomatis audio training. Both groups were trained at the same time,once a day for 60 -90 min,and they were trained for 2 cycles. The first cycle was 14 days and the second one was 10 days,the interval of the 2 cycles was 30 days (a total of 54 days). The Behavioral Assessment of Dys-executive Syndrome (BADS)was used to assess their executive dysfunction before and after music training. Results The 6 sub-projects of BADS in the music group after music training:the rule shift cards test,action program test,key seek test, temporal judgment test,zoo map test,modified six elements test,and total standard score (median 75 ])2. 0 (1. 2,2. 7),2. 0 (1. 0,2. 0),2. 0 (1. 0,2. 0),2. 0 (1. 0,2. 0),2. 0 (2. 0,2. 0),2. 0 (2. 0,3. 0),and 11. 0 (11. 0,12. 0),respectively). They were compared with those of the control group (1. 0[1. 0,2. 0],1. 0[1. 0,2. 0],1. 0[1. 0,2. 0],1. 0[1. 0,2. 0],1. 0[1. 0,2. 0],1. 0[1. 0,1. 0],and 8. 0[8. 0,10. 0],respectively]. There were significant differences between the 2 groups (all P < 0. 05). Conclusion Tomatis audio training may effectively improve the executive function in patients with stroke.

With the neonatal intensive care techniques developing,the survival rate of preterm infants has increased markedly.However,these survival preterm infants are extremely vulnerable to develop various diseases,of which brain injury is the most important cause of the disability in preterm infants.At present,encephalopathy of prematurity,the incidence of which is rarely reported in domestic and national reports,mainly refers to white matter injury (WMI).This article reviews the different domestic and national reports about the incidence of encephalopathy of prematurity.

Objective To evaluate the susceptibilities of different testing methods of tigecycline against IRAB. Methods MIC and inhibitory zone diameters of 32 strains of IRAB for tigecyclinc were determined by different testing methods.Data were analyzed by comparing the results from each method to those produced by the reference macro broth dilution method. Results The rates of sensitivity intermediate resistance detected by macro broth dilution method , agardilution , MTS and Vitek-2 instrument , disk diffusion method were as follows , 34.375%, 65.625%, 0%, 3.125%, 81.25%, 15.625%, 75%, 25%, 0%, 78.125%, 21.875%, 0%, 3.125%, 81.25%, 15.625%. Compared with macro broth dilution method ,the key major error rate of other methods was 0% by FDA breakpoints , but the CA and EA rates were less than 90%. Conclusions Tigecycline has good activity against the IRAB, with significant difference in susceptible rate among the different methods.

Objective To evaluate the endometrium receptivity of endometriosis (EMs) infertile patients, and observe the influence of TCM treatment to endometrium receptivity and IVF-ET pregnancy outcome. Methods Fifty EMs infertile patients were randomly divided into two groups. The reatment group (30 cases) kept taking TCM for 3 month continuously before IVF-ET embryo transplantation, and the control group (20 cases) received no treatment, with 30 healthy women as normal control. Using transvaginal color doppler ultrasound to detect and compare the endometrial thickness, endometrium and endometrial blood flow distribution types, and uterine artery blood flow parameters in window transvaginal stage. Results There was no difference in endometrial thickness between the EMs infertility patients and the normal group, and the endometrial thickness also had no obvious changes before and after treatment (P>0.05). RI and PI of EMs infertility patients were significantly increased, compared the with normal control group (P<0.05). In treatment group, the persentage of type Ⅰ blood distribution was 23.33%(7/30), in control group was 25.00%(5/20), and 66.67%(20/30) in the normal group, significantly higher than that of the EMs infertility patients (P<0.01). Uterine artery blood flow parameters RI, PI value were significantly decreased after treatment in treatment group, endometrium and endometrial blood flow type Ⅰ distribution increased to 60.00%(18/30). The rate of normal pregnancy was 46.67% (14/30) in treatment group, and control group was 30.00% (6/20). Conclusion EMs may affect uterine artery hemodynamic status and endometrium receptivity. TCM treatment can improve the endometrium receptivity of EMs infertile patients and improve the success rate of IVF-ET.

The molecular targeted therapy method using microRNAs(miRNAs)is gradually stepping into people′s vision. miRNAs affect colorectal cancer progress via abnormal expression in tumor cells or micro-environment. The high or low expressions of miRNAs in specific tissues probably have an impact on the expressions of oncogenes,tumor suppressor genes or other aspects including the surrounding environments,the metastases and the drug tolerance of tumors,thus contributing to curing the colorectal cancer. Nowadays, miRNA has entered the stage of animal experiments.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture plus acupoint application in treating diabetic constipation of yin deficiency and blood stasis type.Methods One hundred and fifty-six patients with diabetic constipation of yin deficiency and blood stasis type were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 78 cases each. The treatment group received electroacupuncture plus acupoint application and the control group, oral administration of mosapride citrate tablets. The TCM syndrome scores were recorded in the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were evaluated using the Constipation Scoring System (CSS), the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QOL) questionnaire and the TCM syndrome scores.Results There was a statistically significant post-treatment difference in the total efficacy rate based on CSS, PAC-QOL and the TCM syndrome scores between the two groups (P<0.05,P<0.01). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the TCM syndrome scores in the treatment group (P<0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in TCM syndrome dry mouth and tongue, thirst and dry stool scores in the control group (P<0.05). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in TCM syndrome short breath, weakness, lassitude, stabbing pain, scaly dry skin, fixed pain, sore and weak loins and knees, and chest, palm and sole vexing heat scores between the two groups (P<0.01,P<0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture plus acupoint application is an effective way to treat diabetic constipation of yin deficiency and blood stasis type.

A simple, sensitive and selective method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been successfully developed for separation of bavachinin enantiomers in Fructus Psoraleae and rat plasma. The separation and detection conditions of HPLC were optimized. Chiral bavachinin were separated with the mobile phase of methanol and water (70:30, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The linear ranges were in the range of 20-1000 mg/mL. The detection limits were tested as 4 ng/mL and 6 ng/mL for (t)-bavachinin and (à)-bavachinin, respectively. The method has been applied to analyze chiral bavachinin in rat plasma. HPLC-MS method was used to test the accuracy.

Objective To study the synchronization of electroencephalogram (EEG) in the patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods Sixteen-channel EEG was recorded under resting, eyes-closed condition in 8 AD patients and 8 control subjects. After data preprocessing, the synchronization likelihood was measured between pairs of EEG channels for the full band,δband (0.5-4 Hz),θband (4-8 Hz),αband (8-13 Hz) andβband (13-30 Hz) in the AD and control groups. Mean synchronization likelihood values of each frequency band were compared between the two groups. Results At the full band,θband andαband, the mean synchronization likelihood values of the AD group were lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the two groups at theδandβbands (P>0.05). Conclusions The EEG synchronization of AD patients decreases at the full band,θandαbands, suggesting that collaborative information processing ability atθandαbands reduces between different brain regions in the AD patients. The research provides support for further study of the brain functional connectivity characteristics in the AD patients.

Objective To analyze the outcomes of frozen-thawed blastocyst and cleavage embryo transfer after whole embryos cryopreservation. Methods The data of 489 IVF-ET cycles in reproductive medicine center of our hospital from September 2012 to August 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Whole embryos cryopreservation in 214 patients were carried out with vitrification method and served as group A , 275 cycles performed fresh embryo transfer were served as group B. Then group A and group B were subdivided into group A1 (83 cycles),group A2 (131 cycles), group B1 (120 cycles)and group B2 (155 cycles)according to blastocyst transfer or cleavage-stage embryo transfer. The clinical outcomes of all groups were compared each other. Results The pregnancy rate and embryo implantation rate in group A1 were significantly higher(71.1% ,53.0%)than those in group A2, B1 and B2 (A2 group: 57.3%, 34.0%, B1group: 55.0%,42.1%, B2 group: 52.9%, 32.7%,respectively)(P<0.05). The embryo implantation rate in group B1 were higher than those in group B2 (P < 0.05). Conclusion F-ET after whole embryos freezing could significantly improve the embryo utilization rate and clinical pregnancy rate. Frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer could get better clinical outcomes than frozen-thawed cleavage-stage embryo transfer.