After the importance of literature definition and the main bases to define literature were described, including its major nature一knowledge information, signals displayed in knowledge information-words,symbols,pictures, audio frequency, visual frequency, and external form of knowledge information-material media, and the solidification process of knowledge information on media-records, the different definitions of literature were analyzed with some commends, the 4 major elements of literature were summarized, namely knowledge information, media, records, and words, symbols and pictures, etc.

Described in this paper are the source, significance, feasibility and expression, target, guiding ideas, organization and implementation, and achievements of the Revised philology project.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of combined treatment of TCM and western medicine on serious hypothyroidism. Methods:40 cases of serious hypothyroidism were randomly divided into a treatment group of 22 and a control group of 18 cases. The treatment group were treated by thyroid hormone plus Chinese medicine for warming the kidney to promote diuresis.and the control group were treated by simple thyroid hormone.Improvement of main symptoms arid changes of thyroid functions were investigated.Results:The therapeutic effects of both groups were similar,the improvement of symptoms in the treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group,and the thyroid function increased in both groups(P

Child ; Diarrhea ; Humans

Academies and Institutes ; Communication ; Congresses as Topic ; Humans

Animals ; Biological Specimen Banks ; China ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; standards ; Pathology ; standards ; trends ; Pathology, Clinical ; standards ; trends ; Quality Control ; Translational Medical Research

Animals ; Forecasting ; Gene Expression Profiling ; methods ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Pathology ; education ; methods ; trends ; Proteomics ; methods

Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Paraganglioma ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; S100 Proteins ; analysis

Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; pathology ; Concept Formation ; Humans ; Neuroendocrine Tumors ; pathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; classification ; pathology ; World Health Organization

Child ; China ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Pediatrics ; methods ; trends