Objective: To establish a new method for determination of ? pinene in Folium Pini. Method: The contents of ? pinene were determined by high performance capillary gas chromatography with sequential increase of temperature programming. Results: The calibration curve showed good linearity over the range of 0.424 2.12?g( r =0.9999). The average recovery was 97.9% and the relative standard deviation was 2.9%( n =5), and it was found that the contents of ? pinene in dry herbs were markedly different from the contents in fresh herbs. Conclusion: The method is simple, and accurate with a good reproducibility and can be applied as quantitative analysis method for Folium Pini.

Objective: To establish a new method for determination of guaiacul in Succus Bambusa. Methods: The contents of guaiacul were determined by HPCG with sequential increase of temperature on a HP 6890 gas chromatograph. Results: The calibration curve showcd good linearity over the range of 0 ng～47.808 ng(r=0.99995). The average recovery was 99.64% and the relative standard deviation was 2.1%(n=6). Conclusion: The method is simple, and accurate with a good reproducibility and can be used as quantitative analysis method for Succus Bambusae.

The main nutrient compositions of dry Porphyra haitanensis cultivated in Lianjiang,Fujian Province were analyzed: the total amino acids content was 35.48%. The scores of amino acids were 71 for Ile and 80 for Leu. Crude fatty acids was as low as 0. 5%,in which EPA took 24.8%. Minerals in Porphyra haitanensis were abundant. The content of Ca、Fe、 Zn、Mg were 3. 63、0. 56、0. 095 and 3. 29mg?g～-1. The results indicated that Porphyra haitanensis is a kind of health food with high nutrition.

Objective To investigate the separation of extracellular polysaccharide from Porphyridium cruentum and its anti-HBV activity in vitro.Methods The extracellular polysaccharide(EP) of Porphyridium cruentum was extracted and isolated from the culture medium.HBeAg was assayed by ELISA and MTT methods.Results Element analysis showed that the extracellular polysaccharide contained N 0.82%,C 32.91%,H 6.19% and amino acid(2.49%).The IR and UV spectrum of EP determination showed typical absorption curve of polysaccharide,pyranglycoside linkage,sulfate ester.EP had a significant inhibition to HBeAg excretion with low toxicity on the cells and a better therapeutic index(TI).Conclusion The results suggested that EP has inhibitory effect on the hepatitis B virus in vitro.

BACKGROUND: Prevention of male osteoporosis is attracting more and more attention. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of etidronate disodium on different skeletal sites by using bone histomorphometry through establishing a castrated rat model of osteoporosis. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A completely randomized grouping controlled animal experiment was performed in the Animal Experimental Center and Department of Bone Biology Laboratory, Guangdong Medical College between October 2002 and September 2006. MATERIALS: Forty 3.5-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats, weighing (299+_22) g, were selected. Etidronate disodium was produced by Chengdu Chemical Pharmaceutical Factory with the batch number of 970101. Methyltestosterone was produced by Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Jacob with the batch number of 990701. METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group, sham operation group, castration group, castration with methyltestosterone group and castration with etidronate disodium group, eight rats in each group. Rats in the control group were sacrificed at the beginning of the study. Rats in the sham operation group underwent skin incision to expose the testis, but not removed. The remaining rats were treated to remove the testis by the method reported in the literature. Rats in the sham operation group and castration group were given normal saline, rats in the castration with methyltestosterone group were given methyltestosterone at 1.8mg/kg/d, rats in the castration with etidronate disodium group were given etidronate disodium at 36mg/kg/d. All of the rats were treated with intragastric administration at 5mL/kg for 90 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Bone histomorphometric analysis of the proximal tibial metaphysis (PTM), tibial shaft (Tx) and the fifth lumbar vertebral body (LVB) were performed in undecalcified sections. RESULTS: Compared with the sham operation group, trabecular area percentage (%Tb.Ar), trabecular number (Tb.N) or trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) of PTM and LVB in the castration group were decreased (P < 0.05 and 0.01 ), while trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), percent labeled perimeter (%L.Pm), bone formation rate (BFR/BV) and osteoclast number per mm (Oc.N) were increased (P < 0.05 and 0.01 ). Tb.Ar of PTM and LVB were increased both in the etidronate disodium group and in the methyltestosterone group compared to those of the castration group, while bone formation indices and bone resorption perimeter were decreased. There was no significant difference between the etidronate disodium and methyltestosterone groups, and no significant change was in Tx in all groups. CONCLUSION: Etidronate disodium can prevent the cancellous bone loss of PTM and LVB in castrated rats, but has no effects on the cortical bone of Tx.

The growth of P.cruentum when added organic carbon source. organic nitrogen source and group B vitamin into medium were investigated in the present work. Results showed that glucose promoted growth rate observably. When added2%(W/V)glucose into the medium, the growth rate was doubled and biomass increased 92 6%to that of control after incubated 10 days .organic nitrogen source restrained the growth or harmed to P.cruentum. Vitamin B 2 and B 12 also promoted the growth rate.

Aim To investigate the effects of retinoic acid (RA) on induction osteroporosis model rats andpreventive effects of Danshengubao.Methods 4-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were given RA at 70 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1) and were given Danshengubao at different doses at the same time.All rats were treated by oral gavaged for 28 days.The static and dynamic parameters in cancellous bone of the fifth lumbar vertebrae (LV5) were examined and the dynamic changes of the tibial shaft (Tx) were observed with histomorphometrical analyses; the forth lumbar vertebrae (LV4) was used to perform the compression test.Results Compared with control group, biomechanical properties of LV4, the static parameters ( total tissue area, trabecular area, trabecular perimeter) and the dynamic parameters of LV5 were significantly decreased in RA group.Compared with control group, bone formation of Tx was decreased in periosteal surfaces but enhanced in endocortical surfaces in RA group.Compared with RA group, the biomechanical properties of LV4 were increased significantly in low and medium dose of Danshengubao groups.Conclusion sRA can decrease the size and the biomechanical properties of LV, but it can not change the percentage trabecular area. The mechanism may be related to the act that RA can inhibit cancellous bone formation, decrease the modeling of cortical bone in periosteal surfaces and enhance the remolding of cortical bone in endocortical surfaces. Danshengubao can improve biomechanics of LV induced by RA in rats.

The growth of P. cruentum when added organic carbon source, organic nitrogen source and group B vitamin into medium were investigated in the present work. Results showed that glucose promoted growth rate observably. When addedZ% (W/V)glucose into the medium, the growth rate was doubled and biomass increased 92.6%to that of control after incubated 10 days . organic nitrogen source restrained the growth or harmed to P. cruentum. Vitamin Be and B12 also promoted the growth rate.

Objective To investigate the hypoglycemic and antioxidation effects of the red alga Porphyridium cruentum in diabetic mice induced by alloxan. Methods The diabetic models were established by intravenous administration of alloxan 70 mg?kg~(-1).Then the diabetic mice randomly were divided into four groups, Among them ,two groups were given ig the algal biomass 600,1200mg?kg~(-1) ,respectively. After 18 days, the contents of blood glucose, plasma lipids and the activities of SOD were detected. Results Compared with the diabetic model, the algal biomass 600,1200mg?kg~(-1) could significantly decrease the blood glucose.A trend towards lower plasma triglyceride level was observed in test groups. In addition the activity of plasma SOD was significantly enhanced in high dose group. Conclusion Porphyridium cruentum could reduce the level of blood glucose and effectively enhance the ability of antioxidation in the diabetic mice induced by alloxan.

Objective To establish the high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) fingerprint of wuzi yanzong pills. Methods HPLC was performed on Agilent Extend C18 column (250 mmí4. 6 mm,5 μm) with a gradient elution system using acetonitrile:methanol (101)-0. 4% phosphoric acid as the mobile phase. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃ and the flow rate was 1. 0 mL·min-1 . The eluate was detected at the wavelength of 254 nm. Chromatographic peaks were identified by LC-MS method. Results Nine common peaks in wuzi yanzong pill samples were identified by comparing their LC-MS data with those of reference compounds and related reference reports. The HPLC fingerprint of wuzi yanzong pills was finally developed based on the analysis of sixteen batches of samples and their similarities were above 0. 93. Conclusion This method has high precision,stability and repeatability. This study could be used for overall quality assessment of wuzi yanzong pills.