The lymphatic vessel is one of the earliest routes for systemic neoplastic metastasis. But reports on research of the lymphatic vessel have been few compared to the study for tumor vessels. In the past few years,along with advances in understanding about the construction features of the lymphatic system,work has been done to determine the anatomic fundamentals of lymphatic metastasis. Many new specifi c markers of the lymphatic endothelium had been reported, which is useful to differentiate lymphatic vessels from capillary vessels. The lymphatic vessels are usually found in the animal tumor models, human tumors and peritumoral tissues. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism of lymph-angiogenesis has been discovered, which provide effective targets for anti-lymphatic metastasis of malignant tumors, make optimization of individualized treatment strategy possible to restrain lymph-angiogenesis of malignant tumors and so it could benefi t in improving patients' prognosis and survival.

Animals ; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Chickens ; Drosophila ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; Mice ; Nervous System Diseases ; chemically induced ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Phosphorylation

Follow-Up Studies ; Survival Analysis

Adult ; Alkanesulfonic Acids ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Pemphigoid, Bullous ; chemically induced

Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Survival Analysis

Catheter Ablation ; Humans ; Hypertension ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Kidney ; innervation ; Sympathetic Nervous System ; physiopathology

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans

Background and purpose:Conventional cytology is valuable in diagnosing the cancer cells in lymph nodes of patients with lung cancer. However , the diagnostic value of detecting lymph node and paracancer micrometastasis was limited. Our study was to investigate the mRNA expression level of lung specif ic X protein(LUNX) and cytokeratin 19(CK19) and its signifi cance in the carcinogenesis,metastasis and prognosis of NSCLC. Methods: Quantitative analysis with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(Real-Time RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression level of LUNX and CK19 in 20 tumor tissues and 42 regional lymph nodes from 20 patients with NSCLC, and 6 lymph nodes from 9 patients with pulmonary benign diseases as control. Meanwhile, all lymph nodes were also examined by conventional pathological method. Results:①the mRNA level of Lunxin in cancer Tissue was signifi cantly higher than that in the control group, but there was no association with Lymphatic Metastasis,Tumor Size and TNM grade.②the mRNA level of Lunx in the cancer Tissues was signif icantly higher than that in the control group, and was associated with Lymphatic Metastasis,Tumor Size and TNM grade.③the mRNA of CK19 in lymph nodes was almost the same as control, and not associated with tumor size,lymphatic metastasis and TNM grade.④the mRNA of LUNX in lymph nodes was almost the same as control, which has no acossiation with lymphatic metastasis,tumor size and TNM grade.⑤ mRNA of CK19 and LUNX was unrelated to age,sex and histological type .⑥there was signifi cant difference between using Real-Time RT-PCR methods and the routine pathological methods to detect lymph node metastasis in lung cancer. Conclusion:This result suggested that the detection of LUNX message RNA and CK19message RNA might be helpful to diagnose NSCLC micrometastasis in lymph nodes. LUNX was superior to CK19 both in sensitivity and specifi city. The establishment of this method may increase the positive rate of detecting metastatic regional lymph nodes in non small cell lung cancer.

Background and purpose:Inf iltration and metastasis are characteristic of the biological behavior of cancer.Blood circulation and lymphatic spread are two important ways for neoplasm metastasis.The lymphatic vessel is one of the earliest routes for solid neoplasm metastasis.However,compared to tumor blood vessels,there were only a few studies on the research for lymphatic vessel spread.In recent years,with the identifi cation of vascular endothelial growth factor-C(VEGF-C),VEGF-D and lymphatic endothelial markers including lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1(LYVE-1),vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3(VEGFR-3),glomerular podocyte membrance mucoprotein(podoplanin)and the homeobox transcription factor(Prox-1),lymphangiogenesis has become one of the important areas in the study of tumor metastasis.This paper was to study the expression of proprotein convertase(PC)5,PC7,VEGF-C,VEGF-D and their receptor VEGFR-3 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and their clinico-pathological value.Methods:Twenty specimens of the NSCLC,peritumoral tissues as experimental group and nine pulmonary benign diseases as control group were studied.The expression of PC5,PC7,VEGF-C,VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 mRNA in specimens of those tissues were studied by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(real-time quantitative RT-PCR).Results:①The expressions of PC5,PC7,VEGF-C,VEGF-D,VEGFR-3 mRNA in specimens of NSCLC were signifi cantly higher than those of the peritumoral and pulmonary benign diseases tissues(P

Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Female ; Glycogen Storage Disease ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Liver ; pathology