AIM: To investigate the concentration of bufadienolides in Liushen Pill from two enterprises. METHODS: Four kinds of bufadienolides were simultaneously determined by using HPLC with DAD detector. RESULTS: Recoveries obtained from the four kinds of bufadienolides were higher than 96%,the linearity was in the range of 1 ?g/mL-100 ?g/mL.The concentration of bufadienolides in Liushen Pill was significantly higher than that in other related TCM compatibilities. CONCLUSION: The well-distributed compatibility in Liushen Pill has an influence on the solubilization of bufadienolides,may be in relation to eahancing to release.

Kawasakd disease(KD) or incomplete KD(IKD) is a systemic vasculitis predominantly affecting young children.Clinical manifestations include fever with no obvious origin,skin damage,abnormalities of mucous membrane and lymph nodes.The disease is often accompanied by serious cardiovascular complications such as coronary artery aneurysm,therefore it attracts more and more attention.But arthritis or arthralgia complicates over one-third of KD or IKD patients.So early-onset arthritis is often indistinguishable from early juvenile idiopathic arthritis,especially systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis(SoJIA).KD and SoJIA are considered to be different diagnoses for children with long-term fever,rash,swollen lymph nodes,and more importantly,the treatment procedures are very different,but it is difficult to completely distinguish the two diseases,especially the IKD and early SoJIA.So in this paper,we will summarize the relationship between KD and arthritis in children,which aims to remind clinicians to pay attention for the diagnosis of KD and IKD.We suggest that physicians should be alert of the fact that they must individualize every patient's management,rather than merely care by the guidelines,which will delay the treatment.

FPGA is a kind of powerful programmable chip used in the development of digital system, and it has such advantages as large capacity, reliability and easy modification. The design of FPGA system is mainly through software method which is easy to grasp. Compared with legacy discrete circuit or ASIC, more and more FPGAs are adopted in digital systems for low cost and fast speed. On the other hand, digital system plays an important role in control system of medical equipments, so FPGA is expected to be widely used in almost all fields of medical equipment.

Objective: To analyze and evaluate of the long-term follow-up data of 152 patients with inoperable malignant biliary obstruction who underwent percutaneous placement of metallic stents. Me-thods: From 2000 through 2006, 152 consecutive patients with malignant biliary obstruction were treated with PTCD or placement of metallic stents. The causes of obstruction were bile duct carcinoma (n=35),pancreatic carcinoma (n=32), hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic (n=61), lymphadenopathy in the hepatoduodenal ligament (n=24). We used 86 stents: 31 Cook Zilver Stents,25 Sinus Superflex Stents,12 Wall Stents,3 Sinus-s Iliaca Stents,3 ZA-S Bliary Design Stents,5 Smart Stents and 7 other stents. Every three months we followed up all patients except those who died. Patient survival and stent patency rates were estimated by life-table analysis. The Kaplan-Meier method (log-rank test) was used to compare the patency and survival rates among different groups. And the COX regression model was established to compare the relative risks. Results: The overall median length of patency of all stents was 314 days. The median length of survival for the entire patient group was 215 days. The survival rate was 79.1%,51.7% and 26.8% after 3, 6, and 9 months, respectively. Six patients developed recurrent jaundice or cholangitis. The patients with hepatic hilar obstruction group indicated worse prognosis (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Metallic stents showed a favorable patency rate with regard to patient survival. In patients with hilar obstruction, the clinical prognosis was worse than that in patients with common bile duct (CBD) obstruction. We believe that the placement of metallic stents is the procedure of choice for palliation of malignant biliary obstruction.

Quantum dots (QD),a kind of nanocrystal,are made from Ⅱ-Ⅵ or Ⅲ-Ⅴ group elements.It has been reported that compared with current conventional fluorescent markers,QD have excellent optical properties such as strong fluorescence,photochemical stability and can be used for simultaneous multi-channel imaging.Meanwhile,as nanoparticle,QD can be easily surface modified with a variety of biological molecular and can reach cancer cells easily by penetrating the tumor angiogenesis.Therefore,QD have unique advantages in targeted real-time visual imaging of in vivo tumor and have great prospects in the individual diagnosis and treatment of tumor.However,the long-term biosafety after QD into the body still needs further study.

Objective:To search for a method for analyzing medical service quality of different disease entities using the first page data of medical records.Methods: Based on documents review and real data analysis,the basic principles,methods and steps of disease entity dividing and selecting,evaluation index selecting,and calculating were introduced.Special attention was paid to certain problems in the discussion.Results: When the inpatients of selected disease entities covered 60% of total hospitalized patients,the medical quality information included exceeded 80% of the total information.For 97.66% disease entities,their inpatient cost and length of hospital stay were logarithmic-normally distributed.Conclusion: Dividing disease entities by fixed digits of ICD-9 code is easily performable.This method should be used when the disease entities include about 60% of total inpatients,and geometric mean should be used in calculating average length of hospital stay and average cost.

Objective To study and summarize the cause and reoperative method of massive hemorrhage of upper gastrointestinal tract after gastrectomy. Methods The clinical data of 11 cases patients with massive hemorrhage of the upper gastrointestinal tract after gastrectomy from August 1986 to June 2000 were analyzed retrospectively. Results 5 cases were anastomotic bleeding,3 cases injured gastric remnant mucosa bleeding,2 cases ulcer bleeding after bancroft gastrectomy, 1 case overlooked leiomyoma bleeding.All patients were cured with reoperation.Conclusions To prevent post operative bleeding is the key. The evaluation of the condition of patients with massive hemorrhage of the upper gastrointestinal tract,timing of reoperative intervention,and the selection of proper operative method are also very important.

Objective To observe and compare the efficacy of minocycline and iodine ointment in treatment of chronic periodontitis.Methods 82 cases with chronic periodontitis collected in our hospital from January 2012 to January 2013 were randomly divided into groups A and groups B,each had 41 cases.Basic treatment included removal of local irritation,the use of subgingival scaling and root planing clear debris,plaque,tartar,adjust occlusal trauma and food impaction,with 3% hydrogen peroxide,chlorhexidine solution rinse the periodontal pocket were used in both two groups.Group A was added minocycline,and group B were added iodine glycerin on the basis of basic treatment.The changes of periodontal clinical parameters and MMP-8, sICAM-1 in gingival crevicular fluid before and after treatment in two groups were observed and compared, and their efficacy were evaluated. Results The efficiency of group A(minocycline)was 100%,higher than 92.8% in group B(P<0.05).Clinical indicators of periodontal mitigation were alliviate and MMP-8,ICAM content in gingival crevicular fluid were reduced in both two group after treatment (P <0.05 ). Conclusion Minocycline and iodine glycerin have good efficacy in treatment of chronic periodontitis,and minocycline is more better.

Objective: To investigate a possible role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2/ calcium-activated neutral protease (CANP) signaling pathway in 17β-estradiol (E2)-induced proliferation of human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Methods: MCF-7 cells were pretreated with ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 or CANP inhibitor calpeptin, and then treated with 1×10-8 mol/L E2. MTT assay was employed to determine the effect on cell proliferation. Cell cycle distribution was detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The expression levels of phosphorylated-ERK (p-ERK), total ERK and CANP small subunit Capn4 proteins were examined by Western blotting. Results: The proliferation rate was increased in MCF-7 cells treated with 1×10-8 mol/L E2 for 24 h (P<0.01). The number of cells in G0/ G1 phase was decreased, and the accelerated G1/S transition was observed. Calpeptin could significantly inhibited E2-induced proliferation of MCF-7 cells (P<0.01). The number of cells in G0/G1 phase was increased, and the delayed G1/S transition was observed. The expression of p-ERK was rapidly up-regulated (during 10 minutes) induced by E2 (P<0.01), and this effect persisted for at least 16 h; but there was no obvious change in the expression of total ERK. E2-induced ERK phosphorylation in MCF-7 cells was significantly inhibited by PD98059 (P<0.01). The expression of Capn4 protein was rapidly up-regulated in E2-induced MCF-7 cells ( P<0.01) while significantly inhibited by PD98059 or calpeptin (P<0.01) in MCF-7 cells. Conclusion: The rapid signaling pathway of ERK/ CANP is involved in E2-induced proliferation of human breast cancer cells.

Objective: To investigate the effect of silencing Smad4 gene expression by using small interfering RNA (siRNA) on proliferation and migration of ECV304 cell line and explore the role of Smad4 in angiogenesis. Methods: Two siRNA sequences targeting Smad4 gene including siRNA1 and siRNA2 were designed and then synthetized. The two sequences of siRNA were transfected into ECV304 cells via lipofectamine mediation. The alteration of Smad4 mRNA and protein expression was examined by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The proliferation capacity of ECV304 cells was measured by cell cycle analysis and 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) flow cytometry. The monostratal wound healing test was used to determine the migration capacity of ECV304 cells. Results: siRNA2 was successfully screened out of the two sequences. Transfection of siRNA2 significantly knocked down the Smad4 mRNA and protein expressions. The proliferation and migration capacity of ECV304 cells are significantly enhanced after transfection with siRNA2. Conclusions: Highly effective and specific siRNA targeting Smad4 gene can be successfully screened by RNA interference technique. Selective silencing of Smad 4 gene greatly promotes the proliferation and migration of ECV304 cells.