Objective In order to control the organic pollution in surface water sources in Jiaxing area, deep water treatment method was applied to treat drinking water. The effectiveness and correlative hygiene issues of the constructive project were pre,assessed. Methods On the basis of selecting and comparing some water factories in domestic and abroad which were similar with this constructive project, the assessment was synthetically carried out by surveying on the spot, checking blueprint, examining technological process and equipments layout, worked technique and materials, after experimental deep water,treatment was pup in to pilot scale test. Results The drinking water deep treatment method could eliminate organic substances effectively from original water. The results of the pilot test showed that the removed rates of CODMn, TOC, color degree and NH3,N through this measure were respectively 95.57%, 25.35%, 32.80% and 37.40% higher than those through route drinking water treatment measures. The measure could translate Ames test result into negative. The dosage of alum and chlorine could be reduced 33% and 50% respectively. Water purity and taste could be improved. The arrangement and layout of the facilities of this constructive project was advanced and reasonable, which was conformed to the hygienic requirements. Conclusion This constructive project could effectively solve the serious pollution problem of organic substances in water source in Jiaxing area and improve the purification effectiveness of drinking water and water quality. The occupational hazards that possibly present in the productive process of this project could be prevented. From the view of hygiene, this constructive project was feasible.

BACKGROUND: Spondyloarthropathies(SpA) are a group of interrelated disorders that involve the spine, peripheral joints, and tissues around or outside the joints. SpA are most common in young males, and both the incidence and the mutilation rate are very high. It is important to evaluate the disease activity of patients with SpA since the evaluation can help in therapeutic selection and prognostic prediction of SpA. But up to now there still has not been a widely clinically acceptable criterion to evaluate the disease activity of SpA.OBJECTIVE: To study the worth of color Doppler(CD) in assessing the disease activity of patients with SpA.DESIGN: Non-random and self-control clinical study based on the patients.SETTING: All patients recruited in this study were from department of rheumatology of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. And all the ultrasonic examinations were conducted in the department of ultrasound of the same hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Thirty(24 males and 6 females) patients with SpA who met the European SpA Study Group criteria for the classification of SpA issued in 1991 and consented to be examined by CD were included.METHODS: CD was used to determine the blood perfusion at 18 major entheses of lower limbs of each patient with a semi-quantitative method. Blood sample was also taken from the patients for the examination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) and C reactive protein(CRP) . The disease activity of the patients was also evaluated with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To observe the inter-correlations between entheseal blood perfusion, ESR, CRP and BASDAI.RESULTS: 80% of the 30 patients were detected to have positive perfusion in at least one enthesis of the 18 examined entheses, and all together 84 entheses were found to have positive perfusion among the 540 entheses being detected(positive rate 15.6% ) . The sum of entheseal perfusion detected in all the 18 sites was statistically correlated with the sum of patients' ESR,CRP, BASDAI respectively with the correlation coefficients of 0. 658, 0. 428and 0. 821 (all P ＜ 0.05) . ESR and CRP were also statistically correlated with BASDAI and their correlation coefficients were 0. 675 and 0. 368(Both P ＜ 0.05) . The sum of perfusion detected in the 18 entheses sites was correlated with BASDAI better than ESR or CRP was.Detecting the.entheseal perfusion by CD can help to determine the disease activity of patients with SpA, and then to guide selecting therapeutic strategy. It is also important for following up and prognosis.

BACKGROUND: Seronegative spondyloarthropathies(SpA) are a group of diseases involving the spine, peripheral joints and structures around the joints that mostly occur in adult males with high morbidity and disability rate. Presently, it is widely believed that enthesis is the initiated site of SpA so that enthesitis is an important pathologic base and one of the characteristic clinical manifestations of SpA, however, there is no specific clinical manifestation enthesitis.OBJECTIVE: To compare the difference on entheseal blood flow between health volunteers and patients with SpA and explore the value of color Doppler(CD) in assessing the pathological change of enthesis.DESIGN: Non-randomized case controlled study to patients SETTING: Department of Rheumatology, Department of Ultrasound of a university, Department of Rheumatology of General Hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 30 patients with SpA admitted into Third Affilated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University during August 2001 to April 2002 and willing to take CD examination were selected as case group. All of them met the classification criteria of SpA set up by the European SpA Study Group in 1991 with 24 males and 6 females. Thirty healthy workers and students working or studying in the same Hospital were enrolled as volunteers for the control group, none of them had any histories of arthropathy or chronic lower back pain, and there were 22 males and 8 females among them.INTERVENTIONS: Color Doppler was used to examine the blood flow of 18entheses in lower limbs of every healthy volunteers and SpA patients and semi-quantitative method was used to classify the blood flow.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood flow of enthesesRESULTS: Among 30 healthy volunteers, 5 cases(16.7% ) had been detected blood flow from at least one enthesis. From the 540 entheses being examined, 9entheses were detected blood flow signals of grade Ⅰ, the positive rate was 1.7%. While among 30 SpA patients, 24(80.0%) had at least one enthesis being detected for positive blood flow. Eighty-four of totally 540 exanined entheses were found for positive blood flow signals with a positive rate of 15.6%, and the number of entheses with grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ of blood flow were 19, 33 and 32 respectively among the 84 positive entheses. There was significantly different in the positive rate of blood flow and classification of entheses between SpA patients and healthy volunteers by x2 test (P＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Colour Doppler examination is an effective way to detect the blood flow of enthesis. There were blood flow abnormity in the entheses of lower limbs in patients with SpA.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological surveillance results of human brucellosis in Shanxi Province from 2012 to 2017,to know the epidemic status of brucellosis,and to provide evidence for prevention and control of brucellosis.Methods Incidence date and surveillance date of disease outbreaks in Shanxi Province from 2012 to 2017 were collected,the retrospective analysis method was used to analysis the "three distribution" of brucellosis,outbreak situation and the results of serological and pathogenic surveillance in the 4 surveillance stations.Results A total of 36 220 brucellosis cases were reported from 2012 to 2017,the average incidence was 16.62/100 000;8 540 brucellosis cases were reported in 2014,with incidence 23.53/100 000;a total of 23 197 cases of brucellosis were reported mainly in Datong,Shuozhou,Jinzhong and Xinzhou,accounting for 64.04％ of the province total.The onset was seasonal,and the peak of the epidemic was from March to August,accounting for 67.23％ (24 350/36 220).The brucellosis cases were mainly youth (23 084),male (28 317),farmers and herdsman (32 616).In the 4 surveillance stations of the brucellosis,39 140 cases were investigated,of which 10 536 cases did serological test,in which 585 were positive for Brucella (5.55％).The highest positive rate of serological test was 9.50％ (226/2 738) which was found in Tianzhen.A total of 626 samples carried out pathogen culture,in which 107 strains of brucellosis were detected,the detection rate was 17.09％,and 106 strains Brucella were melitensis biovar 3 of the total strains except 1 mutant.Conclusions The reported incidence in Shanxi Province is in a decline tendency,but the situation of brucellosis epidemic is still relatively serious.It is suggested that the surveillance work should be strengthened;the epidemic situation of brucellosis should be mastered in time and effectively controlled.