Objective To investigate the polarization of Th1/Th2/Th3cell function of dermatomyositis/polymyositis(DM/PM).Methods The culture supernatant levels of IL-4,IFN-?,TGF-?1that were produced by the peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)were detected by Sandwich ELISA in23DM/PM patients(DM18,PM5)and17healthy subjects.Results The level of IFN-?(168.17?218.35ng/mL)produced by PBMC from the patients of DM/PM was significantly lower than that from normal controls(380.61?299.13ng/mL)(P0.05),and normal controls(231.64?83.92)(P

Objective To improve the understanding of cutaneous intravascular natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (CIVNKTC). Methods Clinical data on five cases of CIVNKTC were collected. The histopathological feature, treatment and prognosis of CIVNKTC were retrospectively analyzed and discussed. Results Of the 5 patients, 1 was male and 4 were female. The age of onset ranged from 38 to 83 years (average, 56.2 years). All the patients presented with multiple plaques and nodules as the primary symptoms. Histopathological examination revealed vasodilatation in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, as well as atypical lymphoid cells with large hyperchromatic nuclei containing 1-2 small nucleoli in dilated veins. Immunohistochemical studies of tumor cells showed positive staining for CD3ε, cytotoxic proteins (including T cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1, granzyme B and perforin)and Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-encoded microRNA, but negative staining for cytokeratin, CD20, CD79a, CD4 and CD8. Furthermore, the tumor cells stained positive for CD56 in two patients. Among the 5 patients, only 2 received chemotherapy and the remaining received no treatment. During a 24-month follow-up, 4 patients died, and only 1 survived with the tumor. Conclusion CIVNKTC is a rare extranodal Hodgkin′s lymphoma with distinct histologic manifestations and immunophenotypes, rapid and aggressive clinical course, and poor prognosis.

BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelium mitogen and angiogenic factor with strong potential during recovery from cerebral infarction (CI). Can such therapeutic effect be detected with magnetic resonance diffusion imaging?OBJECTIVE: To study the therapeutic efficacy of VEGF plasmid in treating focal cerebral infarction in a dog experimental model with the aid of diffusion- and hemodynamic-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),with the morphological results compared with those of immunohistochemical examination.DESIGN: Completely randomized controlled, double blind evaluation,analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, follow-up for 2 weeks.SETTING: Department of Medical Iconography, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University.MATERIALS: This study was carried out at the Department of Medical Iconography, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University,between April 2001 and March 2002. Totally 18 healthy adult dogs weighing 10-15 kg were randomly divided into control group and experiment group with half in each.METHODS: All dogs were subjected to femoral intubation and then made into CI model by the occlusion of middle cerebral artery with an embolus injected through the internal carotid artery. Dogs in control group were put to death at postoperative 24 hours, 1 week and 2 weeks with three at each time point, while four dogs in experiment group were put to death at postoperative 1 week and five at 2 weeks. Dogs in experiment group received microinjection of 0.5 mL fluid containing pcD2/hVEGF121 (500-600 μg)instantly after operation, which was replaced with physical saline of the same volume at the same time point in control group. Then they were subjected to MRI scanning once an hour for 4 times, with the sequence of T1WI, T2WI, 3D-TOFMRA, DWI and CET1WI, which was repeated at postoperative 24 hours, 3 days, 1 week and 2 weeks. Based on the MR images, pathological focuses were selected for morphological observation of cells with the aid of HE staining, and CD34 IHC staining was used for counting micrangium, as well as VEGF staining for VEGF positive cells.Then the apparent distribution coefficient (ADC) was calculated, and the differences between different time points and groups were analyzed by analysis of variance. The number of capillaries and VEGF positive cells of each high-power field was counted, with the results compared with those of MR scanning so as to explore the correlation between MR signal changes and IHC results.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The number of capillaries and VEGF positive cells in each high-power field was counted at postoperative 24 hours, 1 week and 2 weeks; ② MR images of each group.RESULTS: Data of the 18 dogs entered the final analysis. ① Diffusionweighted imaging (DWI) showed higher signals at infarctional region at postoperative 1 hour, which became strengthened as time went by. ②ADC decreased to (5.61 ±1.39) mm2/s at postoperative 3-4 hours, about 43% lower than that of the opposite hemisphere [(9.85±2.04) mm2/s]. It resumed to (9.83±1.11) mm2/s, but was still lower than the normal level.③ The subsequent MR scanning proved that ADC ratio presented an increasing tendency in contrast with the decreasing tendency at super-acute stage. The increment was even more marked in control group and the difference was significant at postoperative 2 weeks (P=0.032, 0.006). ④ The number of capillary positive cells on the affected side in experiment group was significantly higher than that in control group at postoperative 2 weeks [(28.80±3.29)/field, (20.70±4.47)/field, (P ＜ 0.01)]. ⑤ The number of VEGF positive cells on the affected side in experiment group was significantly higher than that in control group at postoperative 1 and 2weeks [(64.20±9.40)/field, (51.90±5.74)/filed; (72.70±6.98)/filed,(58.40±6.35)/field, (P ＜ 0.01)].⑥ The results of MR scanning and IHC were subjected to correlation analysis and revealed that ADC ratio was closely correlated with the number of capillary positive cells, with Pearson correlation coefficient being 0.679 (P ＜ 0.01). Moreover, the number of capillaries and the number of VEGF positive cells were significantly correlated (r=0.668, P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION:Morphological observation and IHC revealed that both the local capillaries and VEGF protein content increased markedly in timedependant manner due to VEGF plasmid gene therapy.Meanwhile,the change of ADC ratio was found to be closely correlated with the number of VEGF positive cells and the number of capillaries.

To observe the morphology and anatomic variations of the circle of Willis and its clinical significance. To measure and establish the normal reference parameters of average diameters of its component vessels in the healthy Chinese by using 3D-TOF MR angiograms and to determine whether age-or sex-related differences exists in the circle' anatomy. MRA was performed in 153 healthy subjects. According to its integrity, Willis'circle was divided into four types: (1) Type I, showing an intact circle. (2) Type II, having a complete anterior circulation but an incomplete posterior circulation. (3) Type III, having an incomplete anterior circulation but a complete posterior circulation. (4) Type IV, having an incomplete anterior and posterior circulation. Based on the development of the components of the circle, each type was subdivided into four subtypes: typical, variable, hypoplastic and mixed. The statistically significant differences were not found in each type or subtypes between the different age and sex groups. Result of 153 cases, Type I, II, III and IV was found in 53 (34.64%), 73 (47.71%), 8 (5.23%), and 19 (12.42%) respectively. The display rate of the anterior and the posterior communicating arteries was 87.58%o (134/153) and 65.34% (100/153) respectively. Display rate of fetaltype posterior cerebral artery(PCA) was 20.92%. 3D-TOF MR angiography has important clinical significance for evaluating morphology and anatomic variations of circle of Willis. The normal values of diameter of cerebral arteries on MR angiograms may play a reference role in diagnosing cerebral vascular diseases.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anthropometry ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Circle of Willis ; anatomy & histology ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography

Objective:To investigate the pathogeny, diagnosis and treatment of solitary fibrous tumors of the abdomen and pelvis.Methods:Retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 12 SFT patients undergoing surgical resection in Peking University International Hospital from Jul 2015 to Jul 2019.Results:All patients underwent radical resection. After operation, complications in clued pelvic hemorrhage in 1 case and ureteral fistula in 1 case, all improved after conservative treatment.According to pathological and immunohistochemical results, 7 cases were MSFT and 5 cases were SFT. All patients were followed up for 2-53 months. 5 cases were recurrent, among which 1 case died of intestinal obstruction caused by tumor compression.Conclusion:The clinical manifestations of solitary fibrous tumors are mostly nonspecific.Imaging examination and puncture pathology are of great significance for preoperative diagnosis. Radical resection is an important means to improve the prognosis of patients.

In order to further research into the EEG information of rats epileptic model, we applied different nonlinear dynamic methods. After having analyzed the EEG signal of rat falling sickness by means of approximate entropy and correlation dimension, we adopted a the new method, unstable periodic orbits, which was used to analyze complex activity of neurons system to look for the change regularity of change in the EEG signal in the whole course of rat's falling sickness. We found period 1 orbits and period 2 orbits to be statistically significant in the data of ictal time of epilepsy. At the same time, we found period 1 orbits to be statistically significant in the data of preictal time of epilepsy.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electroencephalography ; Entropy ; Epilepsy ; physiopathology ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Rats ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective:To summarize the experience of surgical treatment of pelvic retroperitoneal neoplasms.Methods:A total of 107 patients with pelvic retroperitoneal neoplasms underwent surgical treatment from Apr 2015 to Sep 2020. According to the neoplasm location, size, and the relationship with the surrounding tissues, individualize the surgical plan, analyze the patient's basic condition, bleeding volume, tumor size, whether it is the first operation,or combined organ resection, etc.to find out the relevant factors affecting the surgical complications.Results:The surgical route included anterior approach in 67 cases , sacrococcygeal approach in 21 cases, combined abdominal-sacral approach in 13 cases, and laparoscopy in 5 cases. Twenty-nine patients underwent combined organ resection, postoperative complications occurred in 27 patients including colorectal anastomotic leakage in 6 cases, urinary fistula in 6 cases, delayed pelvic floor healing in 6 cases, rectovaginal fistula in 3 cases, and postoperative bleeding in 2 cases. The statistical analysis show whether or not first operation is related to the occurrence of complications ( χ2=4.79, P<0.05) Conclusion:Pelvic retroperitoneal neoplasms need to be fully prepared before surgery and individualized design. Intraoperative combined bleeding control measures and combined organ resection can effectively increase the resection rate and ensure the safety of surgery.

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide and includes the different stages of steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and liver cirrhosis. Enterococcus faecalis is a common bacterium for nosocomial infection and has a significant impact on the prognosis of patients with alcoholic hepatitis. This review mainly introduces the pathogenesis of ALD and the pathogenic mechanism of E. faecalis , summarizes the research advances in E. faecalis in ALD, and briefly describes the detection and treatment methods for E. faecalis infection in clinical practice. Since there is an extremely high mortality rate in ALD patients with lytic E. faecalis infection, an in-depth understanding of E. faecalis has become an important issue nowadays.

OBJECTIVE To study the protective effect and possible mechanism of soybean isoflavones against threatened miscarriage rats. METHODS Female mice were selected to promote estrus and mate with male mice. After pregnancy， they were randomly divided into normal group （purified water， i.g.， n＝10）， model group （purified water， i.g.， n＝9）， positive control drug group （progesterone 4 mg/kg， i.m.， n＝9）， low-， medium- and high-dose soybean isoflavone groups （25， 50 and 100 mg/kg， i.g.， n＝10）. Except for the normal group， the rest were given mifepristone+misoprostol on the 8th day of pregnancy to establish threatened miscarriage model， and then given purified water or drugs， once a day， on days 1-7 and 9-12 of pregnancy， respectively. At 14 days of pregnancy， the rates of fetal protection were counted. Serum levels of β-human chorionic gonadotrophin （β-HCG） and progesterone （P） in rats were detected. Pathological and morphological changes in rat placenta and decidua tissues were observed， and the apoptosis indexes of cells were detected； mRNA and protein expressions of factor of apoptosis related （Fas）， factor of apoptosis related ligand （FasL）， proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） and heparin binding epidermal growth factor （HB-EGF） were determined in placenta tissues， and mRNA and protein expressions of Fas， PCNA and HB-EGF in decidua tissues were detected. RESULTS In the model group， the placental tissues of rats were hyperemia and dilatation， with fewer and irregular blood vessels； severe stromal edema，inflammatory cell infiltration and iron-choledrin depositionwere observed. Compared with model group， the fetal survival rates， serum levels of β-HCG and P， the expressions of PCNA and HB-EGF mRNA and proteins in the placenta and decidua tissue of soybean isoflavone groups increased significantly （P＜ 0.05）， while pathological changes were improved significantly； cell apoptosis index in the placenta and decidua tissue， the expressions of Fas， FasL mRNA and proteins in the placenta and Fas mRNA and protein in the decidua tissue decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. The effect of soybean isoflavones was dose-dependent （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Soybean isoflavone has protective effect on threatened miscarriage， the mechanism of which is related to down-regulating the expressions of Fas and FasL mRNA and protein at the maternal-fetal interface， and up-regulating the expressions of mRNA and protein of PCNA and HB- EGF.

Objective To analyze the status, trends and issues of professionals in rehabilitation institutions in China, and provide policy recommendations on rehabilitation professional development.Methods The data from database and statistical bulletin of CDPF has been analyzed using descriptive analysis and deviation analysis.Results The quantity of professionals of rehabilitation institutions increased 24,900 (12.62%) in 2016. Average professionals per institution had been decreased from 33.89 in 2012 to 28.33 in 2016. In regard to the structure of distribution, the rehabilitation professionals at provincial level had been decreased 21.95% in 2015 than that of in 2012. Both training programs and the number of trainees from rehabilitation institutions had decreased.Conclusion There were big gap between services provision and needs of professionals. The distribution of professionals at provincial, city and county level was under optimization. The on-job training for rehabilitation professionals should be improved. It is recommendated to develop national plan for professionals development to meet the needs of rehabilitation services, advance the on-job training for professionals, develop the higher education of rehabilitation and improve attractiveness of rehabilitation to retain and recruit more professionals.