The superficial temporal artery and the occipital artery on both side of 50 Chinese adult cadavers were dissected and the course and distribution of these two arteries were studied and their length, external diameter, internal diameter and the thickness of the walls were meassured.1. The main stem of the superficial temporal arteries runs upward and forward in front of the orifice of the external auditory meatus at an angle on the average of 12.44?8.16? away from the vertical line. This artery was found in 68.68?4.66％ situated before the superficial temporal vein and auriculo-temporal nerve. The average length of the main stem is 3.88?1.04cm; the external diameter 1.64?0.42mm; the internal diameter 1.19?0.10 mm and the thickness of its wall 0.23?0.08 mm. 2. The parietal branch of the superficial temporal artery runs upwards and backwards to the vertex of the skull at an angle of 25.92?10.09 away from the vertical line. The average length is 7.56?1.63 cm. It may be classified into three typs: (1) the single-stem type (2) the bifurcate type (3) the double-stem type. The average external diameter of the branch is 1.24?0.28mm, the internal diameter 0.91?0.19mm, the thickness of its wall 0.17?0.06 mm. There arr 7.45?2.71％ of the cases that the internal diameter is less or equal to 0.5 mm.3. The frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery runs forwards and upwards to the frontal tuber or above the lateral-upper angle of the orbital, then turns upwards to the vertex of the skull. Its average external diameter is 1.31?0.35mm; the internal diameter, 0.91?0.29 mm, and the thickness of its wall, 0.18?0.08mm.4. The Occipital artery runs out to the skin through the fascia between the trapizius and sterocleidomastoid, but sometimes it porferates the muscular fibers of one of these two muscles. The point from which it runs out is located at 2.23?1.12 cm below the external occipital protuberans and 3.41?0.85cm lateral to the midline. Three types of the branching patterns were found: the main-stem, the bifurcate and the plexiform type. The average external dianeter of the occipital artery is 1.47?0.14 mm, the internal diameter,1.13?0.29 mm, and the thickness of its wall, 0.18?0.08mm.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a HPLC method for a simultaneous determination of moxifloxacin hydrochloride and ephedrine hydrochloride in compound moxifloxacin nasal drops.METHODS:The separation was performed on VP-ODS chromatographic column with column temperature at 30℃. The mobile phase consisted of phosphate buffer solution (which contained 0.02mol?L-1 sodium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.3% triethylamine, adjust pH to 3.0 by phosphoric acid) - methanol(60∶40) with flow rate at 1.0mL?min-1, detection wavelength at 214nm and sample size at 20?L. RESULTS: The linear ranges of moxifloxacin hydrochloride and ephedrine hydrochloride were 0.1～0.8(r=0.999 7,n=5) and 0.125～1.000?g (r=0.999 9, n=5), respectively,and their average recoveries were 98.94% (RSD=0.89%) and 99.67%(RSD=1.26%),respectively.CONCLUSION: The technique is simple, rapid, accurate, and reproducible, and it can be used as the quantity control of compound moxifloxacin nasal drops.

Objective To explore the clinical value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) examination before esophageal achalasia (EA) patients treated by peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM).Methods From August 2011 to November 2011,esophageal EUS examination was conducted in 34 EA patients scheduled for POEM treatment (EA group) and 30 cases accepted gastric EUS examination (control group) at endoscopic center,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University.The thickness of muscularis propria layer and the circular muscle layer was measured at cardia,5 cm,10 cm and 15 cm above cardia,and the proportion of circular muscle layer was calculated.The differences in groups and between groups were compared.The correlation between muscle thickness and complication after POEM treatment was analyzed.The data were analyzed by t test.Results There was no difference between EA group and control group in the thickness of the muscularis propria layer at same part (at cardia,5 cm,10 cm and 15 cm above cardia,t=1.210,1.116,0 and 0.292respectively; all P＞0.05 respectively).The thickness of the circular muscle layer of EA group at cardia,5 cm,10 cm and 15 cm above cardia was (1.72±0.49) mm,(1.86±0.81) mm,(1.56±0.47) mm and (1.41±0.48) mm respectively,those of control group was (1.06±0.50) mm,(1.40±0.33) mm,(1.05±0.37) mm and (0.78±0.12) mm respectively.At same part,the thickness of the circular muscle layer of EA group was significantly thicker than that of the control group (t =5.326,2.903,4.778 and 6.993 respectively,all P＜0.05).After POEM treatment,complication was high in EA cases with the thickness of muscularis propria layer less than 2 mm.Conclusion Before POEM treatment,EUS examination for EA patients has certain guiding significance.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic trans-gastric gallbladder-preserving cholecystolithotomy (ETGC) for gallstones. Methods: The clinical data of 84 cholecystolithiasis patients, who received ETGC at Endoscopic Center of Zhongshan Hospital from March 2017 to May 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The operation completion rate, operation time, complications and recurrence of calculus were summarized. Results: In the 84 cases of cholecystolithiasis, there were 19 cases (22.6%) of single stone, 53 cases (63.1%) of multiple stones, and 12 cases (14.3%) of gallstones with gallbladder polyps. A total of 82 patients (97.6%) successfully completed ETGC with median operation time of 88 min. Ten patients (12.2%) suffered from abdominal pain after operation, of which 6 patients relieved after conservative treatments. The other 4 cases, including 2 cases of hemoperitoneum, 1 case of biliary fistula, and 1 case of choledocholithiasis with obstructive jaundice, were recovered after corresponding interventions. As of June 14, 2019, 5 cases were lost to follow-up (follow-up rate was 93.9%, 77/82). Residual stones were found in 2 cases (2.6%, 2/77). Stone recurrence was discovered in 4 cases (5.2%, 4/7), and 2 cases (2.6%, 2/77) had cholesterol crystallization in gallbladder. Conclusion ETGC is minimally invasive, feasible and safe in treatment of cholecystolithiasis, and can retain the function of gallbladder. However, how to completely remove the stones and avoid residue by ETGC still needs further exploration, and its long-term efficacy still needs further observation.

To investigate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic trans-gastric cholecystolithotomy(ETGC) combined with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis. Data of patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis who underwent ETGC after ERCP in Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from November 2018 to April 2019 were analyzed. Six patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis, 4 males and 2 females, were included in this study.The interval between ERCP and ETGC ranged from 1 to 77 days (median 5 days). All the 6 patients successfully completed ETGC after ERCP, with a surgical success rate of 100%. All the patients had multiple cholecystolithiasis and one patient was complicated with gallbladder polyps.The ETGC operation time was 22-100 min (median 65 min), and the length of hospital stay was 3-9 d (median 6.5 d). Two patients had dull pain in the upper abdomen and increased body temperature after surgery. Abdominal ultrasound in one patient suggested local effusion in the right upper abdomen.Both patients improved after conservative treatment.None of the patients had cholecystitis and cholangitis related symptoms such as right upper abdominal pain or fever during postoperative follow-up, and the follow-up rate was 100%with median follow-up time of 18 month.All the 6 patients underwent abdominal ultrasound examination after surgery. No recurrence occurred in 5 patients. One of the patients showed cholesterol crystals in the gallbladder wall and bile mud deposition.ETGC combined with ERCP is safe and feasible for cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis.

At present, there are many monitoring devices for vital signs parameters for clinical selection, but urine monitoring has not received enough attention. The traditional manual visual measurement, intermittent measurement of urine pH value, and other methods are still in use, so the authors designed a multifunctional urine bag. The urine bag can set up an alarm system per unit time according to patient′s age and condition as well as set up urine pH value detection area in hard plastic measuring bottle. This device can not only accurately monitor urine volume per unit time, but also hopefully realize the alarm automation of abnormal urine volume per unit time, as well as real-time dynamic monitoring of urine pH value. It is helpful for medical staff to make accurate judgment on patients′ condition changes, to guide the formulation and modification of clinical treatment plans, and to reduce the workload of clinical nursing staff to a certain extent.