Background: Bone marrow stem cells with their plasticity can be used to replace and repair the other damaged organs and tissues, so they can also be used to obtain bone healing of nonunions. Objective: to evaluate the results of percutaneous autologous bone marrow grafting to treat the tibia diaphyseal nonunions. Subjects and methods: 12 patients with noninfected nonunion of the tibia were diagnosed and treated in Viet Duc Hospital. About 250mL of marrow was aspirated, then separated and concentrated by density gradient centrifugation. The final mononuclear cell mass containing stem cells and progenitors was washed in 30ml of 0.9% NaCL and then injected into the damaged sites. Patients were evaluated by clinical and X-rays examinations with at least 6 months follow-up. Results: None of the patients had post - op complications. Bone union was obtained in eleven of the twelve patients (91,7%) at an average of 15,3 weeks (range, 9 - 30 weeks), the bone marrow grafts used for these patients who had bone union contained a mean of 5,65 \xb1 3,74 x 106 (0,95 - 11,73 x 106) CD34(+) stem cells in total. Conclusions: Percutaneous autologous bone - marrow grafting is a minimally invasive alternative and a simple, effective, safe method for the treatment of the tibia diaphyseal nonunions with the comparative bone healing rate. \r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Tibia/ pathology ; Bone Marrow/ anatomy & ; histology ; surgery

In order to observe the feature of age-related marrow conversion and maturation of epiphyseal cartilage and analyze the distribution of red and yellow marrow in the proximal femur at STIR MR imaging, STIR and T(1) weighted MR imaging of the proximal femur in 52 subjects, aged 4 months to 25 years old, were retrospectively analyzed for the distribution and appearance of red and yellow marrow. The subjects with no known bone marrow abnormalities were divided into 6 age groups. The signal intensity of the marrow in the proximal epiphysis, proximal metaphysis, proximal diaphysis, distal diaphysis and greater trochanter was compared with the signal intensity and homogeneity of surrounding muscle and fat and graded by two observers. The results showed that the conversion of hematopoietic marrow in the proximal femur followed a well-defined sequence, occurring first in the proximal epiphysis, followed by the distal diaphysis, and then greater trochanter and metaphysis. STIR in combination with T(1)-weighted imaging could display clearly the origin of ossification center and the course of conversion from red to yellow marrow in proximal epiphysis and greater trochanter. STIR imaging showed that the marrow conversion in proximal metaphysic began below epiphyseal plate and intertrochanter. The site of red yellow was distributed in weight-bearing axis by 20 years of age. The marrow conversion of diaphysis was from distal end to proximal end, and the consequence of conversion was that distal diaphysis contained yellow marrow but proximal diaphysis partly red marrow connected with the red marrow of metaphysic. The epiphyseal cartilage had different characters of signal-intensity with age in STIR sequence. The distribution of red marrow in STIR imaging was more close to that of anatomy than T(1)-weighted imaging. It was concluded that STIR could dynamically display the feature of marrow conversion and the development of epiphyseal cartilage and accurately reveal the age-related distribution of red and yellow marrow on STIR imaging in the proximal femur.
Age Factors ; Bone Marrow/*anatomy & histology ; Bone Marrow/physiology ; Epiphyses/anatomy & histology ; Femur/*anatomy & histology ; Image Enhancement/*methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effectiveness of intracoronary implantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) in miniswine model of reperfused myocardial infarction.

METHODSSixteen miniswine myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury models made by ligation of the distal one third segment of left anterior descending artery for 90 minutes were randomized into 2 groups. In BM-MNC group (n = 9), (3.54 +/- 0.90) X 10(8) BM-MNC were intracoronary injected, and in the control group (n = 7), phosphate buffered saline was injected by the same way. Echocardiographic and hemodynamic results, vessel density, and myocardial infarction size were evaluated and compared before and 4 weeks after cell transplantation.

RESULTSIn BM-MNC group, there were no differences between before and 4 weeks after transplantation in aspects of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), interventricular septal thickness, left ventricular lateral and anterior septal wall thickness, cardiac output, or +dp/dtmax. In control group, LVEF, interventricular septal thickness, left ventricular lateral and anterior septal wall thickness, cardiac output, and +dp/dtmax decreased significantly 4 weeks after transplantation (P < 0.05). Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and -dp/dtmax, did not change significantly before and after cell transplantation in both groups. Capillary density in BM-MNC group was greater than that in control group [(13.39 +/- 6.96)/high power field vs. (3.50 +/- 1.90)/high power field, P < 0.05]. Infarction area assessed by tetrazolium red staining and the infarction percentage decreased in BM-MNC group compared with those in control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTransplantation of BM-MNC into myocardium with ischemic reperfusion injury increases capillary density and decreases infarction area. It has significantly beneficial effect on cardiac systolic function rather than on diastolic function.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; physiology ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Capillaries ; physiology ; Echocardiography ; Heart ; anatomy & histology ; physiology ; physiopathology ; Hemodynamics ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Random Allocation ; Swine ; Systole ; physiology ; Transplantation, Autologous ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the signal intensity and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of bone marrow of normal adult man on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI).

METHODSFifteen healthy volunteers and thirty-eight patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia or normal prostate were enrolled in this study, with age range 28-82 years old (mean 55.26 +/- 18.05 years). All people were examined with large field DWI on a 3.0T magnetic resonance scanner, which ranges from the top of head to the lower limb. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on the DWI and ADC of lumber vertebra at renal hilum level, left ilium and superior segment of left femur were measured. The measured SNR and ADC value of the above sites were compared by one way analysis of variance and their correlations with age were investigated by Pearson's correlation analysis.

RESULTSThe SNR of lumber vertebra, left ilium and left femur showed no significant difference (F= 0.271, P = 0.763). The SNR of lumber vertebra (r = 0.309, P = 0.024) and left ilium (r = 0.359, P = 0.008) showed positive correlation with age, while the SNR of left femur showed no correlation with age (r = -0.163, P = 0.283). The ADC of lumber vertebra [(0.617 +/- 0.177) x 10(-3) mm2/s] was significantly higher than that of left ilium [(0.404 +/- 0.112) x 10(-3) mm2/s, P < 0.001] and left femur [(0.362 +/- 0.092) x 10(-3) mm2/s, P < 0.001], while the ADC of left ilium and left femur had no significant difference. The ADC of lumber vertebra, left ilium and left femur showed no correlation with age.

CONCLUSIONUnderstanding of age-related changes of normal adult bone marrow on DWI is very important to differentiate the normal bone marrow and abnormal lesions.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; physiology ; Bone Marrow ; anatomy & histology ; physiology ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; pathology ; Whole Body Imaging ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the practicability of periosteum construction in vitro by small intestinal submucosa (SIS) as a tissue scaffold with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC).

METHODSThe bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultivated by the conventional method in vitro, and then co-cultivated with SIS. The morphological feature of the complex material, the extracellular matrices, the adhesion and proliferation of BMSC were observed by optical microscope, electronic microscope, scanning electronic microscope and histologic evaluation respectively.

RESULTSBMSCs adhered and proliferated on SIS, secreted a great deal of extracellular matrices with active cellular function. BMSCs grew well there in layers, and the thickness became thicker as time passed, acting like a biological periosteum.

CONCLUSIONCombined culture of SIS and BMSC in vitro can construct a tissue engineering periosteum similar to the natural one, thus providing a base for further study of its osteogenic regeneration in vivo.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Intestinal Mucosa ; anatomy & histology ; Intestine, Small ; anatomy & histology ; Membranes, Artificial ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Periosteum ; Rabbits ; Swine ; Tissue Engineering ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to repair the internal environment of the testis in male azoospermia rats.

METHODSWe established azoospermia models in 22 six-week-old male SD rats by intraperitoneal injection of busulfan at 20 mg per kg body weight. We transplanted allogeneic rat BMSCs (rBMSCs) into the testicular seminiferous tubules of the model rats and, 30 days after transplantation, observed the composition and structure of the seminiferous tubular cells by HE staining and detected the expressions of CD44, CD106, and c-kit in the rBMSCs by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe number of epididymal sperm was significantly reduced in the model rats as compared with the normal controls (P < 0.01). CD44 and CD106, but not c-kit, were expressed in the isolated rBMSCs. At 30 days after transplantation of rBMSCs, lots of new cells were observed in the seminiferous tubules, some expressing CD106 and some expressing the germ cell surface marker c-kit.

CONCLUSIONBMSCs can transdifferentiate into germ cells and repair the damaged seminiferous tubules of sterile rats.

Animals ; Azoospermia ; chemically induced ; therapy ; Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Busulfan ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Epididymis ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; metabolism ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Seminiferous Tubules ; anatomy & histology ; metabolism ; Spermatozoa ; Staining and Labeling ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism