A survey on malnutrition of under five years children was carried out in three different ecological areas of Thuan Thien - Hue: plain, mountain and coastal areas. Malnutrition is still high in the whole province, averaging 34,4%, and especially high in mountain areas with 59,7%.
Body Weight ; Body Height ; Child

In the group of male and female young subjects living in the South Viet Nam, body height is developed stably, reaching 166,1 cm in male and 154,7cm in female, who living in the family of worker, moving moderately and no having morbide sequellae. Thus, the height of young persons had been improved by 7-9cm in male and 5cm in female, in comparing with that of 25 previous years. The weight had been improved in the age group of 15-24 years in male subject, however in female it had been at the age of 15-19 then reduced lightly.
Students/epidemiology ; Body Height ; Body Weight ; Pupil

OBJECTIVES: To identify the better option of treatment, we compared the surgical results and efficacy of combined anterior-posterior approach versus posterior fixation alone. METHODS: During a 10 years period from 2002 to 2011, 111 patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture was surgically managed at our institute. 25 patients were managed by a combined anterior-posterior surgery and 86 patients were managed by posterior fusion alone. Radiographs were repeated at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after operation. Radiologic outcome was evaluated by measuring Kyphotic angulation and vertebral height and the clinical outcome was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) score comparison. RESULTS: The average Cobb's angle difference between immediate post operative and last follow up was 15.0degrees in combined 360-degree fusion group and 7.5degrees in posterior surgery alone group. A corrections of vertebral body height between immediate post operative and last follow up was 2.27 mm in 360-degree fusion group while 0.59 mm in posterior fixation group. The VAS score decreased from 8.4 to 2.2 after post operation 24 months in 360-degree fusion group and the posterior surgery alone group decreased 9.3 to 6.2 after post operation 24 months. CONCLUSION: The combined anterior-posterior approach resulted in less deterioration of the kyphotic angle postoperatively and improvement of vertebral height (sagittal index). Clinical outcome was also better in the combined group.
Body Height ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans

STUDY DESIGN: Thirty-fiye thoracolumbar and lumbar burst fractures treated with pedicle screw instrumentation were assessed on loss reduction. OBJECTIVE: To compare the mechanical results of simple posterior fixation and posterior fixation with anterior augmentation by anterior interbody fusion, disc space fusion or longer construct. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Althrough the pedicle screw instrumentation provides good mechanical stability, two segment fixation without anterior column augmentation may not be adequate to withstand the repeated axial load. METHODS: Fifteen patients were treated with two segment fixation alone(Group 1), seven with anterior interbody fusion(Group 2), another seven with disc space fusion(Group 3) and remaining six with longer construct involving two segments abode the fracture(Croup 4). Change of anterior body height, upper disc height, lower disc height, kyphotic angle, inter-screw angle and gross screw bend- ing were measured using post-operative and follow-up lateral radiographs. RESULTS: Comparing the two groups(Croup 1 Ys. Group 2, 3, 4), the Group 1 showed definitely more loss of reduction than those groups which had anterior augmentation. But, loss of anterior body height was not significantly different. Comparing the four groups, loss at upper and lower disc height was significantly greater in the Group 1 than the Group 2. Change of kyphotic angle was significantly higher in the Group 1 than the Group 4 and change of inter-screw angle was also higher in the group 1 than every other group. Seyen patients in the Group 1 showed gross screw bending, but none in the Group 2, 3 and 4. All the seven patients with screw bending showed loss of inter-screw angle more than 5 . CONCLUSIONS: These results mean that anterior column augmentation is necessary for the treatment of thoraco-lumbar burst fracture. All the three methods(Group 2,3,4) are effective to prevent excessive loss of correction and screw bending. The best method should be selected considering the characters of each fracture.
Body Height ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans

This study was designed to investigate the growth amount and rate of mandible by the measurements of mandibular lateral surface and the relationship of peak growth increments between mandible and body height. The sample consisted of twenty-five boys and fifteen girls between the ages of 6 and 13 The surface of mandible was measured from digitized roentgenocephalometric analysis (A 27 point mandibular model) The findings of this study can be summarized as follows 1. No significant difference was found between mandibular lateral surfaces of the both sexes at the ages studied. 2. The mean growth amount of mandibular lateral surface from 6 to 13 years of ages was 9.09cm2 in boys and 8.29cm2 in girls, and the mean growth rate was 46.07% in boys and 42.57% in girls 3. The prepubertal peak growth increment in mandible was found between the ages of 11-12 in girls and 12-13 in boys 4. The prepubertal peak growth increments of mandible occured one year later that of body height in boys and girls.
Body Height* ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies* ; Mandible

To clarify the correlations between the body height and maximum femoral length, we carried out orthoscanographic study in 187 normal adult Koreans (male; 80, female; 107). The results are as follws: 1. The average femoral length was 43.73±2.13cm for male, and 40.53±2.03cm for female. 2. The ratio of the femoral length to the height was 26.10±0.82% for male, and 35.91±0.77% for female. The coefficient of correlation was 0.78 and 0.80, respectively. 3. The regression equation was Y= −7.76+0.31X for male Y= −2.85+0.28X for female. (X: body height. Y: maximum femoral length)
Adult ; Body Height ; Female ; Humans ; Male

BACKGROUND: In this study, the measurement of job stress of electric overhead traveling crane operators and quantification of the effects of operator and workplace characteristics on job stress were assessed. METHODS: Job stress was measured on five subscales: employee empowerment, role overload, role ambiguity, rule violation, and job hazard. The characteristics of the operators that were studied were age, experience, body weight, and body height. The workplace characteristics considered were hours of exposure, cabin type, cabin feature, and crane height. The proposed methodology included administration of a questionnaire survey to 76 electric overhead traveling crane operators followed by analysis using analysis of variance and a classification and regression tree. RESULTS: The key findings were: (1) the five subscales can be used to measure job stress; (2) employee empowerment was the most significant factor followed by the role overload; (3) workplace characteristics contributed more towards job stress than operator's characteristics; and (4) of the workplace characteristics, crane height was the major contributor CONCLUSION: The issues related to crane height and cabin feature can be fixed by providing engineering or foolproof solutions than relying on interventions related to the demographic factors.
Body Height ; Body Weight ; Classification ; Demography ; Power (Psychology) ; Trees

Weight in average was 2911.4g (group of mothers with CED): 2905.6g; group of mothers without CED: 2913.8g, (boys: 2961g; girl: 2856g). Low birth weight rate was 11.6% (CED: 9.6%; normal: 12.4%); (boys: 10.4%; girls: 12.8%). Length of newborn babies in average was 48.3 cm (CED: 48.2 cm; normal: 48.4 cm), (boys: 48.6 cm; girls: 48 cm). Only 2.1% of newborn babies had length at birth lower 45 cm, nearly 98% had length at birth  45cm. Height of mother < 150 cm before pregnancy was high ralative risk to weight and length at birth of newborn babies.
Risk Factors ; Mothers ; Child ; Infant, Newborn ; Body Weight ; Body Height

OBJECTIVESTo analyze the increments of physical growth and development in adolescents and young students in China during the years of 1979-2000 and to lay a scientific basis to make a plan for promoting their healthy growth and development in the new century.

METHODSStudents aged seven to 17 years of Han ethnic were randomly selected from 16 proviness and municipalities during the past 21 years, and increments of their height, body weight, chest circumference and Weierweike index were measured.

RESULTSSignificant increments of physical growth and development were found in adolescents and young students of China during 1979-2000, showing a clearly secular trend in changes of growth and development with the advanced growth spurt the most prominent. The average increments were 6.2 cm, 4.8 cm, 7.5 cm and 6.1 cm for height, 8.2 kg, 5.1 kg, 5.4 kg and 3.8 kg for body weight, and 4.8 cm, 3.2 cm, 2.2 cm and 2.0 cm for chest circumference, respectively, for the urban boys, urban girls, rural boys and rural girls. The increment of height was more in the rural students than in the urban ones, but, the increments of body weight and chest circumference in the rural youth lagged behind the urban ones. It was showed significant improvement in Weierweike Index in the urban students and an increasing trend of "bean sprout" statue in the rural students.

CONCLUSIONIt is suggested much more should be input for the rural students in the future. For their nutritional intake, disease prevention and treatment, strengthening physical exercises, reducing study burden and rational daily life system.

PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of growth hormones on children with growth hormone deficiency(GHD) or idiopathic short stature(ISS). METHODS: Between January 1988 to July 2003, 45 patients(M26, F19) with GHD and 24 patients (M13, F11) with ISS were enrolled in this study. Height standard deviation score(Ht SDS) for chronological age(CA) and Ht SDS for bone age(BA) were obtained for each patient upon diagnosis and after growth hormone(0.1-0.15 IU/kg) was injected subcutaneously daily. RESULTS: Ht SDS for CA was -2.06+/-0.23 before treatment, -1.60+/-0.21 at one year, -1.52+/-0.23 at two years, -1.61+/-0.28 at three years, -1.60+/-0.31 at four years, and -1.54+/-0.32 at five years, showing a statistically significant increase for five years(P<0.05). Meanwhile, the values were -2.03+/-0.55 before treatment, -1.44+/-0.66 at one year, -0.14+/-1.06 at two years, -0.68+/-1.27 at three years, -1.16+/-0.96 at four years, and -1.37+/-0.94 at five years, in ISS, showing a statistically significant increase for the first three years(P<0.05) only. Ht SDS for BA in GHD was -0.53+/-0.19 before treatment, -0.39+/-0.18 at one year, -0.32+/-0.20 at two years, -0.43+/-0.22 at three years, -0.39+/-0.19 at four years, and -0.32+/-0.22 at five years, not showing a decrease, and the decrease in ISS was statistically not significant(P> or =0.05). CONCLUSION: Both groups exhibited significant increase in Ht SDS through growth hormone treatment, proving its efficacy. As for the evaluation of growth-related factors, the 1st year increase of Ht SDS was the most important factor in evaluation of growth effect in both groups. However, further study is required to investigate the effect of GH therapy on ISS.
Body Height ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Growth Hormone* ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Humans