Objective To observe the effect of health education and installation of improved stove in control of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis in Pingba County of Guizhou Province.Methods Two towns(Shizi and Qibo) of Pingba County that had implemented the health education and installed the improved stoves for control of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis were selected as the investigation sites.Two villages in each selected town and 30 householders as well as all students of grade 4-6 were investigated.Questionnaires were made by survey of the fluorosis control knowledge,household investigations were used to know the use of household stoves,corn and peppers drying method,and the dental fluorosis of children aged 8-12 were examined by Dean methods before the intervention(2006) and after implementation(2009) of health education and improvement of stoves.Results The awareness of fluorosis control among students and households after the intervention was 97.36％ (405/416) and 86.46％(415/480),respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(x2 =658.86,163.10,all P ＜ 0.01) compared with that before the intervention [32.19％(1083/3364),43.33％(130/300)].Correct using rate of the household stoves was 95.42％ (229/240) after the intervention and 45.85％ (3976/8672) before the intervention,the difference was statistically significant(x2 =230.25,P ＜ 0.01).The correct rates of drying corn and chili were 91.67％ (110/120) and 97.50％ (117/120) before the intervention,and 20.00％ (12/60),26.67％ (16/60) after the intervention,the difference was statistically significant(x2 =94.07,104.02,all P ＜ 0.01).The incidences of dental fluorosis of children aged 8-12 were 31.21％(1305/4182) after the intervention and 87.71％(2856/3256) before the intervention,the difference was statistically significant(x2 =2371.91,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The measures of health education and intervention of stove improvement in Pingba County of Guizhou Province for prevention and control of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis is effective.

Atherosclerosis ; pathology ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Dendritic Cells ; metabolism ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammation

Objective: To explore the application value of real-time adenosine stress 3-dimensional echocardiography (3D-ASE) for diagnosing the patients with of coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods: A total of 46 suspicious CAD patients were studied by 3D-ASE analysis. There were 26 male and 20 female patients from (38-73) years of age at the mean of (63.3 ± 7.2) years. Adenosine stress echocardiography was performed by infusing the agent at 140 ug/(kg?min) in 6 minutes. The changes of segmental ventricular wall motion, electrocardiogram (ECG), clinical symptoms, blood pressure and heart rate were recorded. Positive 3D-ASE result was deifned by the time of left ventricular segment minimum contraction volume gradually extending. Coronary angiograph (CAG) was conducted at 2 weeks after 3D-ASE, positive CAG ifnding was conifrmed by at least one of three main branches with the stenosis≥50%.
Results: There were 29/46 patients with positive CAG findings, 26 with positive 3D-ASE presentations and 8 with positive adenosines tress ECG. CAG showed that 48 coronary branches were positive and 90 were negative;3D-ASE indicated that 40 coronary branches were positive and 98 were negative. For 3D-ASE diagnosed coronary lesions, the overall sensitivity was 89.6%(26/29), speciifcity 76.5%(13/17), accuracy 84.8%(39/46). There were 36 branch lesions conifrmed by both CAG and 3D-ASE. For 3D-ASE determined coronary lesions, the sensitivity was 75%(36/48), speciifcity 95.6%(86/90), accuracy 88.4%(122/138). For 3D-ASE found single, double and three vessels diseases, the sensitivities were 60%(9/15), 88.9%(8/9) and 100%(5/5) respectively. The e occurrence rate of 3D-ASE side effect was 52.2%, there were usually slight symptoms without severe adverse reaction.
Conclusion: 3D-ASE has the high sensitivity and speciifcity in CAD diagnosis, it is an non-invasive examination with slight side effect, and therefore, has an important application value in clinical practice.

AIM: To establish the hyperlipemic rat model by long-term gastric perfusion of intralipid and investigate the effects of hyperlipidemia on bone. METHODS: Eighteen SD rats were randomly divided into control group (C) and high-fat-diet group (HDF), with 9 rats per group. Rats of C group were treated orally with normal saline, and rats in HDF group were oral gavage of intralipid at dose of 5.0 mL/kg, once a day for 20 weeks. At the end of experiment, their serum levels of lipid were measured. Bone histomorphometric analysis of thighbone was performed in undecalcified sections, and the length and width of ulnar were measured. RESULTS: Compared with the C group, serum TC and low density lipoproteins (LDL) were increased (P

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of health education on controlling of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis(referred to as endemic fluorosis) in Guizhou,and to provide a scientific basis for development of control strategies.Methods A total of 37 counties were selected in Guizhou province,and 3 townships were chosen in each project county.Heath educational activities were carried out in the classes of grade 5 in the Central Primary School of each selected township.In the meantime,3 villages were chosen in each selected township where the health education for women of child-bearing age in the community was carried out.Survey on knowledge questionnaire of endemic fluorosis control was conducted among 30 students of grade 5 in the Central Primary School and 15 women of childbearing age of each selected township before and after the health educational activities.Results The knowing rate of endemic fluorosis control of pupils in all the 37 counties increased from 45.03％(14637/32505) to 89.79％(52898/58910),of women of child-bearing age increased from 38.97％ (5729/14700) to 76.55％(19198/25080) after the health education.ConclusionsThe knowing rate of endemic fluorosis control among pupils and women of child-bearing age is remarkably increased after implementing the health education projects.They have better life and health habits,and the project has reached desired goal.

Biomedical Research ; trends ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective To study the follow-up management strategies after improving stoves for controlling coal-burning type endemic fluorosis in Guizhou and to provide a scientific basis for exploring the follow-up management measures.Methods In 2006 - 2009,three counties of Puding,Bijie and Liuzhi with improved stoves in 2005 and implemented follow-up management measures for subsequent three years were chosen,3 towns were chosen randomly in each chosen county,2 villages were selected randomly in each chosen town,10 households were investigated randomly in each chosen village,and 20 students were investigated of the knowledge of fluorosis control.The investigation included also the usage of the stoves,dehydration methods of grain and related conditions.Results ①The head of the family and student awareness of fluorosis control were 82.6％(743/900)and 91.7％ (1650/1800),respectively,and 35.0％ ( 385/1100 ) and 61.0％ (6605/10 835 ),respectively,before the test,and the difference was statistically significant( x2 =33.04,1189.12,all P ＜ 0.01 ).②The rates of chimney out of the house were 88.5％(69/78) and 100.0％(102/102),respectively,compared with those before the trial[74.4％(2125/2856) and 2.1％(104/4984),respectively],the difference was statistically significant(x2 =720.56,4295.38,all P ＜ 0.01).The iron stove and the table stove's airtight utilization rates were 85.9％(67/78) and 100.0％(102/102),respectively.③The corn and the hot pepper's correct drying rates were 100.0％(180/180).Compared with those[27.2％(49/180) and 32.2％(58/180),respectively]before the trial,the difference was statistically significant(x2 =26.68,37.38,all P ＜ 0.01 ).The corn and the hot pepper's washing rates before eating were 95.0％(57/60) and 98.3％(177/180),respectively.Compared with those[85.0％(153/180) and 77.8％(140/180)]before the trial,the difference was statistically significant(x2 =135.00,490.82,all P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The target population's awareness and knowledge of fluorosis prevention and related behavior are significantly elevated and enhanced after implementation of the three years post-management,which has reached the desired goal.The strategies of the follow-up management suits Guizhou province and widespread application is suggested.

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of "Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus" (GX) on phlegm and blood stasis syndrome (PBSS) rats combining the methods of network pharmacology and experimental verification. Animal experiment ethical requirements were approved by the Ethical Committee Experimental Animal Center of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine (grant number: AHUCM-rats-2021070). Based on the HPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis and database, 69 chemical constituents of GX and 163 targets of GX for the treatment of phlegm and blood stasis-related cardiovascular diseases were obtained. Then, key targets such as serine/threonine kinase 1 (Akt1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 6 (IL6), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), cellular tumor antigen p53 (Tp53) were screened. Pathway analysis showed that the targets of GX in the treatment of phlegm and blood stasis-relate cardiovascular diseases were mainly involved in PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, sphingolipid metabolism, platelet activation, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), ras-proximate-1 (rap1) and other signaling pathways. In addition, molecular docking analysis showed that apigenin, cucurbitacin D, linolenic acid and kaempferol and other key components had potential binding ability with Akt1, TNF, IL6, VEGFA and Tp53. In the animal experiments, compared to the phlegm and blood stasis syndrome group, GX could significantly improve the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score, blood lipid, vascular endothelial structure disorders and reduce serum endothelin-1 (ET-1) level, increase serum nitric oxide (NO) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) levels, which could restore aortic endothelial function. In addition, the expression of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in aorta could be significantly reduced, which could improve the vascular endothelial injury of aorta. Western blot revealed that GX could significantly decrease the phosphorylation levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt in aorta. This study revealed the mechanism of GX in treatment of phlegm and blood stasis-relate cardiovascular diseases is consistent with the characteristics of multiple ingredients, multiple targets and multiple pathways. In addition, this study also clarified that the reversal of pathological of phlegm and blood stasis syndrome rats may be related to GX inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which could improve vascular inflammation and vascular endothelial function injury.

The chemical constituents from lipophilic parts in the roots of Angelica dahurica var. formosana cv. Chuanbaizhi were studied in this paper. The compounds were separated and purified by repeated column chromatographic methods on silica gel and HPLC, and the chemical structures of compounds were determined by spectral data analyses. Twenty-nine compounds were obtained and identified as isoimperatorin (1), β-sitosterol (2), imperatorin (3), bergapten (4), osthenol (5), xanthotoxin (6), isoimpinellin (7), dehydrogeijerin (8), phellopterin (9), isodemethylfuropinarine (10), 7-demethylsuberosin (11), alloimperatorin (12), xanthotoxol (13), isooxypeucedanin (14), alloisoimperatorin (15), demethylfuropinarine (16), 5-hydroxy-8-methoxypsoralen (17), oxypeucedanin methanolate (18), pabulenol (19), byakangelicin (20), marmesin (21), (+) -decursinol (22), heraclenol (23), oxypeucedanin hydrate (24), marmesinin (25), ulopterol (26), erythro-guaiacylglycerol-β-ferulic acid ether (27), threo-guaiacylglycerol-β-ferulic acid ether (28), and uracil (29). Compounds 5, 8, 11, 18, 21-23, and 26-28 were obtained from the roots of title plant for the first time.
Angelica ; chemistry ; Coumarins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Furocoumarins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Methoxsalen ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Phytochemicals ; analysis ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry

Although traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) shows its effectiveness undoubtedly in clinical practice, the deficiency in objective assessment methods is yet a bottleneck which has restricted its development of modernization and internationalization. On the basis of clinical experiences, the authors discussed the title cutting from current situation and tendency, and expanded gradually. It is concluded that by aiming directly at problems and referring to the principle and methods of evidence-based medicine (EBM), using rationally the design in clinical practice and combined with individualization and standardization should be a feasible way for TCM clinical therapeutic effect assessment.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; methods ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; standards ; Phytotherapy ; Research Design