Objective To explore the factors of the Pilots' social avoidance and distress.Methods 458 pilots were evaluated by Social Avoidance and Distress Scale(SAD),Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90),Cattell's 16 Personality Factors(16-PF),Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS),Trait Coping Style Questionnaire(TCSQ),Life Event Scale(LES).Data were analyzed with SPSS10.0.Results The results showed there were significant relationship between pilots' social avoidance and distress with mental health,personality,social support,trait coping style,life event;the social avoidance(F=3.09,P＜0.05)and the social distress(F=4.05,P＜0.01)of transports were significantly higher than other aircrafts;the social distress of diseases group was higher than the health group(t=2.74,P＜0.01).It was showed in the multiple correlation regression analysis that excitatory,persistency,boldness and disappearing coping style made the greatest contribution to the social avoidance(standardized coefficients are-0.346,0.230,-0.219,0.209 in turn).Disappearing coping style,excitatory,social support and boldness made the greatest contribution to the social distress(standardized coefficients are 0.591,-0.324,0.185,-0.1 29 in turn).Conclusion Personality,trait coping style,social support,mental health,life events,and other psyehosocial factors affected the pilots' social avoidance and distress.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban on patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)during emergency PCI.Method:80 patients with PCI were randomized into a study group(tirofiban+PCI group,n=40)and a controlled group(PCI group n=40).Their angiographic characteristics before and after PCI were collected and studied.The in-hospital cardiovascular events and the bleeding complications were assessed.Result:The patients in the study group were recovered with a higher rate of TIMI 3 grade flow than in the controlled group.There was a lower incidence of the in-hospital cardiac events in the study group than that of the control group(P

Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and c-fos in the lcuos cruleus (LC) in a rat model of endotoxic shock.Methods Twentyeight male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 8 weeks,weighing 250-300 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =7 each):control group (group C),endotoxic shock induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group (group L),lowdose dexmedetomidine group (groupLD) and high-dose dexmedetomidine group (group HD).Normal saline 0.5 ml/kg was injected via the tail vein in C and L groups.Dexmedetomidine 0.5 and 4.5μg/kg were injected via the tail vein in group LD and group HD,respectively.Normal saline 0.5 ml/kg was injected via the tail vein 10 min later in C,while LPS 5 mg/kg was injected intravenously 10 min later in the other groups.The rats were sacrificed and their brains were removed for determination of brain water content,the number of nNOS and c-fos positive cells and expression of nNOS and c-fos in the LC by immuno-histochemistry.Results Compared with group C,the brain water content was significantly increased,the number of nNOS and c-fos positive cells in the LC was enlarged,and the expression of nNOS and c-fos in the LC was up-regulated in group L (P ＜ 0.05).The brain water content was significantly lower,the number of nNOS and c-fos positive cells in the LC was smaller,and the expression of nNOS and c-fos in the LC was lower in LD and HD groups than in group L (P ＜ 0.05).The number of nNOS and c-fos positive cells in the LC was significantly smaller,and the expression of nNOS and c-fos in the LC was lower in HD group than in group LD (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can down-regulate the expression of nNOS and c-fos in the LC,which may be one of brain-protective mechanisms of dexmedetomidine in a rat model of endotoxic shock.

Objective To elucidate the neurological m ec hanism of the referred pains in pelvic floor from prostate and the relationship between pain from prostate and pelvic floor muscle dysfunction. Meth ods The prostate was electrically stimulated,and the elicited action potentials were recorded from iliohypogastric,ilioinguinal,genitofemoral,latera l femoral cutaneous,femoral,sciatic nerves,and compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) were recorded from anal external sphincter. Results Action potentials were elicited principally in the genitofemoral nerve (93 .3%),ilioinguinal nerve (55.5%);the action potentials of the genitofemoral nerve were not influenced by transaction of the cervical spinal cord,whereas they dis appeared immediately after rat death; the action potentials were reduced conside rably after destruction of the lumbosacral sympathetic trunks.CMAPs were elicite d in the anal external sphincter in 93.3% of the rats (14/15). Conc lusions Electrical stimulation of the prostate induced reflex discha rges in the nerves to perineal,pelvic floor areas.It was postulated that the ref lex discharges are related to muscle contraction leading to referred pain in the perineal,pelvic floor areas.Pain from prostate is correlated significantly with pelvic floor muscle dysfunction.

Objective To evaluate the quality of clinical trials about acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of vertebrobasilar insufficiency in China.Methods Literature of clinical trials of acupuncture was collected and analyzed,evaluated by the randomized controlled test criteria and the clinical assessing method in Cochrane handbook of international Cochrane cooperation net.Results Sixteen literatures were brought in.87.5% of the included literature had no clear description of random methods,and no allocation concealment,use of blind methods,sample size calculation,intention-to-treat analysis.Among them,62.5% had explicit diagnosis criteria,12.5% with correct randomizing method,62.5% with explicit evaluation criteria,however,31.22% with no words referring to the comparability among the groups.Conclusions Though acupuncture and moxibustion have been widely applied in prevention and treatment of vertebrobasilar insufficiency,it can not provide evidences of higher reliability for clinical treatment due to less clinical randomized controlled tests and lower quality,which severely hinder testing and verifying of clinical therapeutic effects of acupuncture and moxibustion.It is proposed that multiple central and randomized controlled test should be made,so as to search for feasible acupuncture and moxibustion methods with definite therapeutic effect for vertebrobasilar insufficiency,and provide basis for further systematical evaluation.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of Microendoscopic Discectomy (MED) with love's method for the treatment of lumbar disk herniation. Methods Pre- and postoperative JOA score, the length of incision, blood lost, operative time existed weight of disk, body temperature variation and time on getting out of bed after operation were compared between the MED group and the love's method group randomized 35 cases respectively since December 1999. Results The preoperative JOA scores in the MED group and the love's method group were 12.1?1.8 and 12.1?1.4, respectively (t=0.437, P=0.663); The postoperative JOA scores in both groups were 26.9?1.6 and 26.1?5.3, respectively (t=1.81, P=0.0077); The length of incision were (2.0?0.1)cm and (5.0?0.6)cm, respectively (t=26.72, P

Objective To clone human vascular endothelial growth factor 165(hVEGF_ 165 ),construct its eukaryotic expression and to study the expression of hVEGF_ 165 . Methods Human vascular endothelial growth factor cDNA was amplified by PCR method from the HL60 cells and cloned to expression vector pcDNA_3,constructed pCD-hVGEF_ 165 recombinant plasmid, then transformed to E.coli BL21(DE3)cell.Results The cloned cDNA was confirmed to be VGEF_ 165 cDNA. It was observed that the expression of human VEGF gene was detected distinctly 72h after transferring.Conclusions We successfully cloned and expressed hGEF_ 165 gene, which provided the further foundation of the model of VEGF transgenic animal and makes a basis for the further study in retinal neovascularization.

AIM:To observe the efficacy and safety of ropivacaine supplemented with midazolam for sacral block in pediatric operation.METHODS:40 cases of patients aged 1-6 years old,who were going to be operated in hypogastrium,perineum and lower limb,were randomly and double-blindly divided into four groups with ten cases each:control group(bupivacaine 2.5 mg/kg),low dosage group(ropivacaine 2.5 mg/kg),middle dosage group(ropivacaine 3.5 mg/kg)and high dosage group(ropivacaine 5.0 mg/kg).Sacral block was performed after induction of inhalation anaesthesia with sevoflurane.Sedation was induced by midazolam(0.2 mg/kg)administered through mainline 5 min before the surgical procedure.RESULTS:In a certain dosage range,ropivacaine supplemented with midazolam anesthesia for sacral block showed a slight influence on diastolic blood pressure,mean arterial pressure,heart rate and pulse oxygen saturation.Those parameters remained in the physiological normal range,though they dropped slightly during the operative period.Compared with bupivacaine group,the postoperative analgesic period was similar in the high and middle ropivacaine groups,while it was shorter in low ropivacaine group.There was no significant adverse effect in all groups except for operative stretch reflex and postoperative vomiting in individual patients.CONCLUSION:Ropivacaine supplemented with midazolam anesthesia for sacral block has a slight influence on hemodynamics,prolongs the postoperative analgesic period,and shows less adverse effect.

In order to evaluate the changes in T cell subsets after acute irradiation injury, and investigate the mechanism of deficiency of cellular immunity in acute irradiation syndrome, Balb/c mice were exposed to a single total body irradiation of 5Gy gamma rays from a 60 Co source. On days 10, 28 and 120, the amounts of CD4 + and CD8 + subsets in spleen cells were evaluated by flow cytometry (FCM), and expression of IL 4 gene in ConA stimulated spleen cells was evaluated by reverse transcription linked polymerase chain reaction, in which ?-actin gene was used as an internal control. It was found that after irradiation, the ratio of CD4 + /CD8 + became significantly higher than that of the controls, and then the ratio lowered gradually until day 120. However, it still did not return to the level of the controls. On day 10, expression of IL 4 gene at mRNA level increased significantly. The results indicated that CD8 + subset was more radiosensitive than CD4 + , and the pattern of cytokine seeretion shifted to that of Th2 soon after irradiation.

0.05) except during the 24 th hour postoperative period.During the 0.5 h postoperative period,the average total amount of injections of morphine was statistically lower in the ropivacaine group(control 15.8?23.9 ?g/kg versus ropivacaine 2.4?10.9 ?g/kg;P