The effects of various stimuli on activation and proliferation of human peripheral blood lymphocytesHPBL)nd expression of CD2 mRNA were studied.The total RNA was extractedfrom the activatedHPBL and Northern blot ssay of these RNA samples were carried out with CD2 antisense RNAprobe prepared.It was shown that anti—CD3 Abs RW2-4B6 and RW2-8c8,PHA,and a calfthymic peptide preparation could all induce the activation and roliferation f HPBL and high levelexpression of CD2 mRNA.It was interresting to note that anti-CD3 McAb RW2-8c8 when usedtogether with antiT11_2 and anti-T11_3,inhibited the activation of HPBL and resulted in very low evelexpression of CD2 mRNA.The possible explaination of the phenomenon was discussed.

Objective To explore the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism(SCH)and microvascular complications(diabetic nephrop-athy and diabetic retinopathy)in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods According to the condition of complicating with SCH,157 patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into SCH group(40 cases)and the euthyroid group(117 cases). The age,sex,duration of diabetes,smoking status,blood pressure,body mass index(BMI),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),blood lipid,renal function,thyroid function,urine albumin/urine creatinine, and fundus examination were analyzed and compared between the two groups. The relationship between SCH and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetic patients was explored. Results There was no significant difference of age,sex,duration of diabetes,smoking,blood pressure,BMI, HbA1c,blood lipid,or serum creatinine between the two groups. The incidence of diabetic retinopathy in SCH group was significantly higher than those in euthyriod group(32.5%vs 14.5%,P=0.044);however there was no difference in the incidence of diabetic nephropathy. After adjustment for potential confounding factors(age,sex,duration,blood pressure,BMI,HbA1c,diabetic nephropathy)by multivariate logistic regression analy-sis,SCH was still the risk factor of diabetic retinopathy(OR=2.210,95%CI 1.512-4.117,P=0.032)in type 2 diabetic patients. Conclusion SCH could be a risk factor of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients,and there was no significant effect on diabetic nephropathy.

This paper introduces orthopedic resident training system of America including its devel-opment, certification system, selection system, clinical training mode and investigate system. And we hope to improve orthopedic resident training of China by analyzing the new rule of Chinese standardized resident training and the training experience of Peking Union Medical College Hospital.

Xintai Tablets,mainly composed of is the National Grade C of Chinese herb medicine newly developed by the Acadamy of TCM of Hunan Province,Institute of Chinese Herb Medicine.The new certification number of the Ministry of health is WEIYAOZHENGZI 1997-Z-055.Its clinical investigation was undertaken during four hospitals(the First Hospital Affiliated to Hunan College of TCM,etc.)in 1995.It suits well to those patients who suf- fered from the chest pain with the heart-blood stasis or heart-blood stasis and defifiency of heart-yin concomitantly.The clinical investigation on 307 cases indicated that the obvious ef- fective rate for the chest pain with angina pectoris is 56.02% with 93.48% of overall effec- tive rate,for the electrocardiogram is 34.38% with 62.28% of overall effective rate,for over 80% of stopping or reducing nitroglycerin is up to 40.69% ,over 50% of stopping or reducing nitroglycerin is up to 87.75%.The obvious effective rate of synthesis curative effect is 50.49% with 91.86% of overall effective rate.

Objective To explore the clinical , EMG and genetic characteristics of children with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies phenotype (HNPP).Methods One case of HNPP diagnosed by gene were reported, and combined with the literature , the clinical, electromyography and genetic characteristics were summarized.Results Female patient, 11 years and 8 months, left foot could not be dorsal flexion and numbness appeared after the movement in 10 d before admission ,EMG showed multiple peripheral nerve injury .Patient's father and uncle were very similar to the history .Genetic examination showed 1363.2 kb heterozygous deletion on the chr17:14095421 -15458636, and the diagnosis was HNPP .Conclusions When limb weakness happened in children after slight stretch or compression , perform EMG examination as early as possible .Children with extensive peripheral nerve damage , limited limb paralysis , and a similar family history , should pay attention to HNPP , and gene examination should be given .

Objective To compare the cardiorespiratory system effects of propofol-remifentanil and etomidate-remifentanil sedation in older patients undergoing diagnostic gastroscopy.Methods 400 older patients undergoing painless gastroscopy in endoscopy center of our hospital were chosen and randomly received intravenous propofol-remifentanil or etomidate-remifentanil sedation and divided into propofol group (n=200)and etomidate group(n=200).The diagnosis,endoscopic insertion time,operation time,wake up time,hemodynamics,adverse reaction and satisfactory of patients in each group were observed.Results There were no difference between two groups in diagnosis(P＞0.05);the onset time was earlier in the etomidate group (P＜0.05).Systolic pressure and diastolic pressure in propofol group were lower than etomidate group during and after operation(all P＜0.05);the heart rate in propofol group were lower than etomidate group after operation(P＜0.05);meanwhile,the SpO2 in propofol group were lower than etomidate group during operation(P＜0.05).All adverse events in propofol group were higher than etomidate group (P＜0.05).Incidences of hyoxemia and injection pain were higher in the propofol group (all P＜0.05),while those of body quiver and myoclonus were higher in the etomidate group (all P＜0.05).However,Satisfaction of physician and anesthetist in the propofol group were better the etomidate group (all P＜0.05).Conclusion Etomidate-remifentanil administration for sedation undergoing painless gastroscopy resulted in more stable haemodynamic responses and less adverse events in older patients.Etomidate-remifentanil administration was worth to be popularized in older patients.

OBJECTIVE:To establish HPLC method for the content determination of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in Prunella vulgris with ?-CD as additive agent of mobile phase.METHODS:The sample was Prunella vulgaris.The separation was performed on a Tigerkin ODS3(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-10 mmol?L-1 ?-CD 1% ammonium acetate(86:14) at flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1.The column temperature was set at 40 ℃ and UV detection wavelength was 210 nm.RESULTS:The linear range of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid were 0.5～5.0 ?g(r=0.999 2) and 1.0～10.0 ?g(r=0.999 8) respectively.High,medium and low average recovery of oleanolic acid were 97.3%(RSD=1.04%),98.0%(RSD=0.87%),101.6%(RSD=1.65%),respectively.Those of ursolic acid were 97.8%(RSD=1.17%),98.7%(RSD=0.93%),100.4%(RSD=1.72%),respectively.CONCLUSION:The new method is simple,accurate and reproducible for the quality control of P.vulgaris and simultaneous determination of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Smilax china.Methods The compounds were isolated by silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,ODS chromatography,and semi-preparative HPLC.Their structures were elucidated on the basis of MS and NMR spectroscopic analyses.Results Seven flavonoids and four stilbenes were isolated and identified as dihydrokaempferol-5-O-?-D-glucoside(Ⅰ),engeletin (Ⅱ),isoengeletin(Ⅲ),dihydroquercetin-3-O-glycoside(Ⅳ),3,5,7,3',5'-pentahydroxy-flavanonol (Ⅴ),astilbin(Ⅵ),quercetin-3'-Oglycoside(Ⅶ),piceid(Ⅷ),scirpusin A(Ⅸ),resveratrol(Ⅹ),and oxyresveratrol(Ⅺ).Conclusion CompoundsⅣ—Ⅸare isolated from this plant for the first time,among which the ~(13)C-NMR data of compoundⅨis reported firstly.

Humans ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology ; virology

Objective To explore the effect of perforin(PFP) antibody on the expression of Granzyme B (GzmB) in viral myocarditis.Methods Forty-five 4-week-old BALB/c male mice were randomly divided into 3 groups,including normal control group (n=15),viral control group (n=15) and PFP antibody therapy group (n=15).The mice in normal control group were inoculated with 0.15 mL Eagle reagent,and the mice in viral control group and PFP antibody therapy group were moculated with 0.15 mL TCID501012 L-1 coxsackievirus B3.The mice in PFP antibody therapy group were inoculated with PFP antibody (0.1 mg/kg) on 6 h and 3 d post inoculation.The mice in 3 groups were sacrificed on day 10 post inoculation.Extracted their hearts,then fixed,dehydrated,embeded and sliced the myocardial tissues.The expressions of GzmB proteins in myocardium were determined by immunohistochemistry.The areas of GzmB were measured by the Leica Qwin V3 system.SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze the data.Results There were 4 mouse dead in viral control group,and 2 mouse dead in PFP autibody therapy group,no mice dead in normal contol group.The expressions of GzmB were not found in myocardial tissues of normal control group,but there were lots of expressions of GzmB in myocardial tissues of viral control group[(67.13?1.82)%].Athough the expressions of GzmB in PFP antibody therapy group[(6.98?1.34)%] were significantly decreased compared with those in myocardial tissues of viral control group(q=66.180 P