Objective To investigate the role of PPAR-γ in the gene expression of T-bet/GATA-3 in Jurkat T cells,and to explore the mechanisms underling this sensitizing effect of the change of TH cell subpopulation group.Methods Jurkat T cells were stimulated with PPAR-γ agonist pioglitazone.TH cell related cytokine IFN-γ and IL-10 was detected by ELISA,and the expression of transcription factors(T-bet and GATA-3)mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.To prove the PPAR-γ-dependent effect.the PPAR-γ-specific antagonist GW9662 was used.Results Stimulated with agonist PPAR-γpioglitazone.the concentration of IFN-γ and IL-10 and the expression of transcription factor T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA were both significantlY decreased in Jurkat T cells obviously,and these actions were dependent on the time and the concentrations of pioglitazone.Added with antagonist GW9662 at the same time,such inhibitory actions of IFN-γ and T-bet expression were recovered.but not IL-10 and GATA-3.Conclusion Pioglitazone can inhibite T cells proliferation and their secretion of cytokines.Pioglitazone can inhibit TH1 cells from secreting cytokines,and it is a PPAR-γ-dependent effect related to T-bet.The inhibition on TH2 is not a PPAR-γ-dependent effect and it is GATA-3 related.

Objective To evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of Cinnamaldehyde in combination with Voriconazole (VRC) against clinically isolated Aspergillus fumigatus strains. Methods According to the Clinical and Laboratory Stan?dards Institute (CLSI) M38-A2 document,the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of Cinnamaldehyde and VRC alone or in combination against 42 clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates were determined by both microdillution method and check?board method respectively. The MIC50, MIC90, MICG and MICs distribution were compared between single drug and both in combination. The concentration-accumulative curve was drawn and fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) was cal?culated to evaluate the interaction between two test agents. Results The values of MIC50, MIC90 and MICG were significant?ly decreased (P<0.001) when combination of the two drugs than those of their single use, with their MIC distribution concen?tration-accumulative curves shifted to the left. The value of FICI of Cinnamaldehye-VRC combination ranged from 0.187 5 to 1.5. Sixteen strains (38.10%) of them showed the synergistic effect, 19 strains (45.23%) showed additive effect, and 7 strains (16.67%) showed an unrelated effect, and no antagonist effect on tested Aspergillus fumigatus strains in vitro. Conclu?sion Cinnamaldehye in combination with VRC mainly shows a combined synergic and additive inhibitory effect on Asper?gillus fumigatus isolates, and this combination appears to be more active against the test strains, which are less susceptible to voriconazole.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and risk factor of co-exiting pre-hypertension and pre-diabetes condition in middle to elder adults, and to provide the theoretical basis for preventing cardiovascular disease in relevant population in Chengdu area.
Methods: A total of 5240 middle to elder adults from (40-79) years of age in Chengdu area were enrolled for a stratiifed cluster sampling study. The blood pressure, glucose and other clinical information were collected by more than 30 medical professionals with uniifed training to investigate the prevalence of co-exiting pre-hypertension and pre-diabetes condition with the risk factors.
Results: The overall prevalence rate of coexisting pre-hypertension and pre-diabetes condition was at 12.5% in Chengdu area and the standardized prevalence was at 11.5%. The prevalence rate in urban area was 12.4% and in rural was 13.2%, P=0.47, the prevalence in male gender was 12.7% and in female was 12.4%,P=0.81. With the increased age, the prevalence trend was elevated accordingly. Multi-regression analysis indicated that the elder age, overweight or obesity (female with abdominal obesity), sibling history of hypertension, hyper-triglyceridemia, multiple childbirth and menopause had the higher risk of coexisting pre-hypertension and pre-diabetes condition, allP<0.05; the higher educational level could decrease the risk of prevalence in male gender,P<0.05 and the proper exercise could decrease the risk in female gender,P<0.05.
Conclusion: There is a high prevalence rate of coexisting pre-hypertension and pre-diabetes condition in middle to elder population in Chengdu area and the prevalence is closely related to age. It is important to prevent such condition by elevating educational level nationwide, controlling waist and body weight, adjusting diet structure with proper exercise.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between Tacrolimus blood concentration and effectiveness after renal transplantation and to find factors affecting Tacrolimus blood concentration METHODS:Steady-state trough concentrations of Tacrolimus were collected from 80 renal transplantation patients RESULTS:The effective blood concentration of Tacrolimus was associated with course of treatment CONCLUSIONS:The therapeutic concentration of Tacrolimus was between 12ng/ml and 15ng/ml during the first 2 weeks after renal transplantation,then should be 8ng/ml～15ng/ml