Objective To investigate the recognition of cyclomastopathy in female college students in Guangzhou.Method 300 female college students(90 medical students and 210 non-medical students)from 10 colleges in Guangzhou were involved in the survey using the self-designed questionnaire.Results Medical students had significantly higher recognition about cyclomastopathy than non-medical students(all P<0.05).The college students lacked of awareness of self breast care.Only 15.56%of the medical students and 11.43% of the non-medical students regularly took breast self-care.Conclusion To improve the social,school and students pay more attention to the breast diseases,strengthen the female university students about breast health education,has improtant significance for improving college students' knowledge of disease of mammary gland hyperplasia.

Objective To investigate the incidence of neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD)in neonates with idiopathic neonatal cholestasis (INC)in Nanjing,China,SLC25A13 gene mutations in these neonates,and clinical features.Methods A total of 152 neonates with INC,who were admitted to the Affiliated Nanjing Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from Sep-tember 2009 to August 2013,underwent gene analysis for detecting SLC25A13 gene mutations.The neonates were divided into NICCD group,who had been diagnosed definitely,and INC group at a ratio of 1∶2,considering the age and gender.Several biochemical indices were compared between the two groups.Comparison of continuous data between the two groups was made by Mann-Whitney U test after Bonferroni correction.Results There were 21 confirmed cases of NICCD (21/152,13.82%)among the 152 neonates with INC;five types of SLC25A13 mutations were identified in the 21 neonates with NICCD,including 851_854del (27/42,64.29%),IVS6+5 G→A (7/42, 16.67%),1638ins23 (5/42,11.90%),IVS11 +1 G→A (2/42,4.76%),and Q259X (1/42,2.38%).The alanine aminotransferase (ALT)level,aspartate aminotransferase (AST)level,bile acid concentration,albumin level,fasting blood glucose,blood ammonia,and prothrombin time for the NICCD group were 39.42 ±23.40 U/L,124.85 ±92.65 U/L,142.43 ±24.34μmol/L,30.66 ±2.70 g/L,2.79 ± 0.54 mmol/L,117.57 ±27.88 μmol/L,and 14.03 ±2.79 s,respectively,versus 136.02 ±113.67 U/L,226.12 ±129.26 U/L,80.47 ± 31.53 μmol/L,36.87 ±4.96 g/L,3.14 ±0.45 mmol/L,76.43 ±20.80 μmol/L,and 11.40 ±1.55 s for the INC group.The NICCD group had significantly lower ALT and AST levels than the INC group (Z=-5.02,P=0.000;Z=-3.66,P=0.000);the NICCD group had a significantly higher bile acid concentration than the INC group (Z=-5.58,P=0.000);the NICCD group had significantly lower albumin level and fasting blood glucose than the INC group (Z=-4.52,P=0.000;Z=-2.56,P=0.010);the NICCD group had a significantly higher blood ammonia level than the INC group (Z=-4.75,P=0.000);the NICCD group had a significantly longer prothrombin time than the INC group (Z=-4.10,P=0.000).Conclusion Citrin deficiency due to SLC25A13 gene mutations is an im-portant cause of INC in Nanjing.The three most common mutations are 851_854del,IVS6+5 G>A,and 1638_1660dup23,which account for 92.86% of the SLC25A13 gene mutations.More attention should be paid to clinical analysis and detection of SLC25A13 gene mutations to confirm the diagnosis of NICCD.

Objective To carry out the detection of JAGI gene in children with chronic cholestasis and to im-prove the diagnostic level and understanding of Alagille syndrome. Methods Two cases of chronic cholestasis with multiple organ involvement were selected as the research subjects and their clinical data,laboratory test results were col-lected. Two milliliter peripheral intravenous heparin anticoagulan blood was drawn from each patient. All fragments of 26 exons of the JAGI gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction - sequence based on typing method. Results One patient with chronic cholestasis,heart murmur and dysmorphic face showed bile duct paucity in liver biopsy and a novel heterozygous mutation c. 809 809delG(p. G270Dfs*142)in 6 exon. Abnormal amino acid replaced JAG1 protein and resulted in truncation of the JAG1 protein. The part of epidermal growth factor(EGF)like repeats region loss and the cysteine rich region completely lost. One case with typical chronic cholestasis and dysmorphic face showed a known IVS20 - 2 5delTAAG heterozygous mutation which resulted in splice site changes. Conclusion A novel JAGI gene mutation c. 809 809delG(p. G270Dfs*142)is helpful to screen JAGI gene of Notch signal transduction pathway for chronic cholestasis with multiple organs involvement in children.

Objective To explore the preventive effect of Fluconazole on invasive fungous infections in premature infants.Methods Two hundred and thirty-four cases of preterm infants hospitalized in Jiangmen Central Hospital from Feb.2008 to Oct.2013 were analyzed by retrospective study.The subjects were divided into 3 groups based on whether Fluconazole was used and it was used orally or intravenously for the prevention of invasive fungous infections in premature infants.The Fluconazole prophylaxis was not given to group A,whereas oral Fluconazole prophylaxis [6 mg/(kg · times),every other day] and intravenous Fluconazole prophylaxis [3 mg/ (kg · times),once every 3 days] were applied in group B and group C.The incidence of invasive fungous infections and the clinical effects of Fluconazole on the 3 groups were evaluated and compared.Results The number of cases analyzed in the study were 53,115 and 66 cases in group A,group B and group C,respectively.There were no significant differences between the 3 groups in terms of gender,gestational age,birth weights,length of hospitalization,intravenous nutrition,and number of peripherally inserted central catheter,antibiotics and invasive mechanical ventilation use days (all P ＞ 0.05).The incidences of invasive fungal infections were 11.32％ (6/53 cases),6.96％ (8/115 cases) and 0 in group A,group B and group C,respectively.The prophylaxis effects between the 3 groups were significantly different (x2 =7.078,P =0.029).Group A and group B were not significantly different (x2 =0.905,P =0.342),but group C was better than group A and group B,and the differences were significant (P =0.007,0.028).Conclusions Prevention of invasive fungous infections by intravenous Fluconazole has good curative effects,and which can be used as the first choice.

Phage antibody display technology is currently the most widely used in vitro antibody screening technology,which uses bacteriophages as a vector,and inserts exogenous antibody library genes into phage capsid protein genes,and expresses the capsid protein on the phage surface while also displays the antibody protein.Antibody drugs play an important role in tumor immunity and microbial immunity due to their targeting advantages,which is also an important driving force for them to become a hot spot in the field of pharmaceutical research and development.Therefore,this article reviews the background,basic principles,antibody library types and antibody fragment types of phage display technology,and looks forward to the latest progress and application prospects of fully human antibodies.

Objective To assess the association between-426C＞T,-384A＞G,+ 67G＞A polymorphisms in Eotaxin gene and cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in infants.Methods One hundred and six patients with CMPA who were hospitalized at Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from July 2014 to July 2015 were selected as CMPA group,and 124 healthy infants chosen from Ninghai Road Community Health Service Centers at the same time were selected as healthy control group,and the serum levels of Eotaxin in 2 groups were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA direct sequencing technology were used to detect the genotypes for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of-426C ＞ T,-384A ＞ G,and + 67G ＞ A in Eotaxin gene.The association between the SNPs of-426C ＞ T,-384A ＞ G,and + 67G ＞ A in Eotaxin gene and CMPA,the peripheral blood eosinophil counts,serum Eotaxin levels,and serum total immunoglobulin E levels were analyzed.Results For-426C ＞ T,the frequency of each genotype of the CMPA group was CC,CT,TF (79.25％,19.81％,0.94％),while the frequency of each genotype of the healthy control group was CC,CT,TT(88.71％,8.06％,3.23％).There was a significant difference in the genotype frequency in-426C ＞ T between the CMPA group and the healthy control group (x2 =7.83,P ＜ 0.05).The individuals with heterozygous genotype(CT) had a 1.75-fold increased risk of developing CMPA compared with the individuals with wild-type genotype (CC) [odds ratio (OR) =2.75,95％ confidence interval(CI):1.23-6.15,P ＜ 0.05].For position + 67G ＞ A,CMPA patients with a genotype including variant nucleotide had lower peripheral blood eosinophil counts [(0.48 ± 0.06) × 109/L] and serum Eotaxin levels [(157.67 ± 12.72) ng/L] than those with wild-type genotype [(0.85 ± 0.09) × 109/L,(286.96 ± 33.23) ng/L] (F =10.30,5.75,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Polymorphism of the Eotaxin gene (-426C ＞ T) was associated with the susceptibility to CMPA.Polymorphism of the Eotaxin gene(+ 67G ＞ A) was related to the blood eosinophil counts and the serum Eotaxin levels in children with CMPA.

Objective To understand non-typhoid Salmonella in diarrhea patients from Guangdong province in order to timely discover the outbreaks caused by them as well as to grasp the serotypes, antibiotic resistance and pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) types of those strains isolated from this surveillance program. Methods Salmonella strains from diarrhea patients were detected and all the positive strains were tested by serum agglutination, antibiotic susceptibility and PFGE. Results 71 nontyphoid Salmonella strains were isolated from 1128 stoop samples, with a positive rate of 6.29 %. All the strains were divided into 29 serotypes, with Salmonella serotype enteritidis and typhimurium showing the most common serotypes. Most of the strains were sensitive to cephalosporins and quinolones. The antibiotic resistance rates of S. typhimurium were higher than S. enteritidis and S. stanley. Other than S. enteritidis, all the serotype strains did not have the same type of PFGE. 17 S. enteritidis strains digested by Xba Ⅰ were divided to 8 PFGE types while the PFGE 4 type appeared the most common one. 12 S. enteritidis strains were typed again by Sfi Ⅰ and Not Ⅰ , and there were still 3 groups of strains showing the same PFGE pattern. Conclusion Most of the infection caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella was sporadic in Guangdong province in 2007. Cephalosporins and quinolones seemed the best in curing the infection of non-typhoidal Salmonella at the clinics.

On December 27, 2018, the first domestic anti-PD-1 antibody, toripalimab, was approved by the State Food and Drug Ad-ministration for the treatment of advanced melanoma after the failure of standard treatment. This represented a major breakthrough in the field of biopharmaceuticals in China and laid the foundations for pharmaceutical research and development in the field of tu-mor immunotherapy. In this article, we summarize the clinical research of the treatment of melanoma, the application of toripalimab in this field, and the global development of other anti-PD-1 antibodies, to provide guidance for the research and treatment of melano-ma in China.

Objective:To explore the relevancy between the uridine diphosphate-glucuronylgly-cosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) gene mutation and the phenotype of indirect hyperbilirubinemia in children.Methods:Sixteen cases with indirect hyperbilirubinemia who visited the Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from July 2013 to November 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and were divided into Gilbert syndrome (GS), Crigler-Najjar syndrome type II (CNS-II), and indirect hyperbilirubinemia groups unexplained by UGT1A1 gene mutations. The differences in gene mutation site information and general clinical data were compared. The association between gene mutation spectrum and bilirubin level was explored by t-test analysis.Results:Ten of the sixteen cases with indirect hyperbilirubinemia had GS, three had CNS-II, and three had indirect hyperbilirubinemia unexplained by UGT1A1 gene mutations. A total of six mutation types were detected, of which c.211G?>?A accounted for 37.5% (6/16), c.1456T?>?G accounted for 62.5% (10/16), and TATA accounted for 37.5% (6/16), respectively. Compared with the GS group, the CNS group had early disease onset incidence, high serum total bilirubin ( t ?=?5.539, P ??0.05) and age of onset ( t ?=?0.3611, P ?>?0.05) between the two groups. There was no significant correlation between the number of UGT1A1 gene mutations and serum bilirubin levels. Children with c.1456T?>?G homozygous mutations had the highest serum bilirubin levels. Conclusion:The common pathogenic variants of the UGT1A1 gene sequence are c.1456T?>?G, c.211G?>?A, and TATA, indicating that these site mutations are related to the occurrence of indirect hyperbilirubinemia and have important guiding significance for the etiological analysis of indirect hyperbilirubinemia in children.