Because of minimal donor site morbidity, adequate tissue, excellent clinical and functional results, the anterolateral thigh flap has become one of the most important tissue flaps which are used to repair the defects of head and neck. Generally, anterolateral thigh flap is mainly used to repair the maxillofacial defects in head and neck surgery. However, the anterolateral thigh flap is a better tissue flap for reconstruction of hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal defects.
Esophagus ; surgery ; Head ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypopharynx ; surgery ; Neck ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Surgical Flaps ; Thigh

Objective To investigate the relation between expression of MMP-9 and RECK in laryngeal carcinoma and it′s clinical characteristics and to explore the biological action of laryngeal tumor. Methods 38 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC)specimens and normal mucosa were examined for the expression level of MMP-9 and RECK protein by IHC method ( PV9000) and RT-PCR was employed to measure the expression of MMP-9 and RECK mRNA. Ten laryngeal papilloma were used for controls. Results The expression level of MMP-9 protein in carcinoma of larynx was 92.11%,which was significantly higher than that of the adjacent tissues (P

OBJECTIVE To analyze the voice and electroglottography(EGG)parameters in patients with vocal cord polyps and laryngeal cancer and to assess the voice parametric characteristics of laryngeal diseases.METHODS The computer multimedia program of Dr.Speech Science for Windows was used to obtain the voice analysis and EGG parameters in healthy adults and patients with vocal cord polyps and laryngeal cancer.The acoustic features of vocal cord polyps and laryngeal cancer were analyzed.RESULTS 1.The jitter,shimmer and NNE of voice and EGG were valuable in the objective differentiation of laryngeal diseases.2.The jitter,shimmer,and NNE values in patients with vocal cord polyps and laryngeal carcinoma were obviously higher than those in normal controls(P

Objective To analyze and discuss the clinical effect of the four-hands technique mode of doctor-nurse collaboration in endoscopic sinus surgery. Methods Convenient sampling method was used to select 50 cases of patients with nasal endoscopic surgery who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in this study in the period between January to May in 2016. Designing one side of the nasal cavity of patients with traditional surgery mode, the other side of the nasal cavity to carry out the four-hands operation mode. The operation time and amount of bleeding were recorded. Results The operation time, amount of bleeding of traditionalsingle hand operationside and the other side of four-hands operation respectively were (39.30 ± 21.96) min, (143.86 ± 15.01) ml and (31.60 ± 19.27) min, (102.98 ± 12.85) ml, with significant differences between the two groups (t=2.096, 14.625, P<0.01). Conclusions The four-hands technique of doctor-nurse collaboration can significantly reduce the operation time, reduce the amount of bleeding and get a better surgical field, clinical nurse and doctor′s cooperation is more closely and also improve the quality of patient care.

Objective The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between different types of partial laryngectomy and post-operative voice quality by investigating the preserved voice function and its change after the surgery.Methods The computer multimedia program of Dr.Speech science for Windows was used to obtain the acoustic parameters from 30 normal adults and 55 patients operated 5 years ago with partial laryngectomy: 20 cases of horizontal partial laryngectomy,18 cases of vertical partial laryngectomy,and 17 cases of extended partial laryngectomy.Within 5 years after operation,F0,jitter,shimmer,NNE,F1 and F2 were measured several times and were compared.Results For the patients the fundamental frequency was lower and jitters,shimmer,NNE were higher compared to the control group.The parameters of jitter,shimmer and NNE of patients with supraglottic horizontal laryngectomy were the lowest while for those with vertical partial laryngectomy they were the highest.Compared were the formant frequencies(F1)of vowels /a:/,/i:/,/u:/ in group supraglottic horizontal laryngectomy and the normal gruop.The former was significantly higher.Conclusion Close relationships were noted in the different surgery methods and the voice qualities after partial laryngectomy.The voice functions of horizontal partial laryngectomy were the best while vertical partial laryngectomy the worst.The acoustic analysis can be used to assess the postoperative voice quality,and the data can guide the rehabilitation and training in terms of the improvement of their quality of life(QOL) after surgery.

Objective To explore the effect of VEGF-C,VEGFR-3 gene in primary culture in vitro of laryngeal squamous carcinoma tissue by dexamethasone (DEX). Methods Applying the technique of Drimary tissue cuiture in vitro,twelve specimens,which were identified pathologically as laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma,were cultured.After succeeded culture of twelve specimens,the cells were divided in to two groups.One continued to cuhum,another gave 10-7 mol/L of DEX.VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 gene express in 12 cases of cell were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions(RT-PCR).Results The frequency of VEGF-C(83%) and VEGFR-3(58%) in primary culture in wtro of laryngeal squamous carcinoma tissue were higher than that of the primary culture in vitro of laryngeal squamous carcinoma tissue by dexamethasone (DEX) (25%,8%P＜0.05).Conclusion The expressions of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 in Drimary culture in vitro of laryngeal squamous carcinoma tissue by DEX are decreased.It may provide guide to apply DEX in clinic laryngeal squamous carcinoma chemotherapy and laryngeal squamous carcinoma laryngeal obstruction.

To report one case of postoperative reconstruction of facial squamous cell carcinoma by cervicotho-racic flap and temporal flap in our hospital. Clinical symptoms of the patient are facial mass and tumor ulceration.The patient had chronic bronchitis. On admission, the right side of the patient face was found to have a mass of about 6. 5 cm X 5. 0 cm, and the middle is about 2. 5 cm X 2. 5 cm X 1. 0cm ulcer, the neck has no swollen lymphnodes by palpation. After imaging and pathological examination,the patient was diagnosed as right facial squamouscell carcinoma and chronic bronchitis.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; surgery ; Face ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Postoperative Period ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Surgical Flaps

A special collision unit was used in the experiment by which the distal ends of the fore legs of young rabbits were struck repeatedly on the right aspect. In another group of young rabbits, deep branches of the artery of the right fore legs were ligated and severed. X-Ray examination was made before the two groups of rabbits were killed.Roentgenogram demonstrated: Growth plate of the right fore leg showed wave-like growth, thickened or thinned in the collision group; no difference showed between 2 fore legs in vessel group.Histological demonstrations1. Collision group: 1) Chondrocytcs of articular surface decreased, degenerated and disappeared. 2) Trabecula of the cpiphysis and metaphysis atrophied; osteoblasts and ostcocytcs decreased and degenerated. 3) Growth plate thickened, some arranged wave-like; chondrocytes increased and degenerated. 4) Fibrous tissues and cartilage increased in the mctaphysis. 5) Perichondral ring thickened.2. Vessel group: Similar to the collision group except fibrous and cartilage proliferation in the epiphysis and no arrangement disorder in the growth plate.

Objective To investigate the relationships of tone burst -ABR Thresholds and the pure -tone audiograms in normal hearing adults .Methods The response thresholds of Tone burst -ABR and the pure -tone audiogram were recorded from 34 adult(68 ears) at 0 .5 ,1 .0 ,2 .0 ,and 4 .0 kHz .The results were statistically ana-lyzed .The correlation of the response thresholds of tone burst -ABR and the pure-tone audiogram were studied . Results At 0 .5 ,1 .0 ,2 .0 ,4 .0 kHz ,the averages of the response thresholds of tone burst -ABR were 27 .43 ± 3 .29 ,25 .98 ± 2 .76 ,16 .78 ± 2 .37 ,and 12 .42 ± 2 .64 dB nHL ,respectively .The averages of the pure -tone audio-gram were 12 .23 ± 3 .99 ,11 .82 ± 2 .56 ,9 .58 ± 3 .23 ,and 9 .92 ± 2 .59 dB nHL ,respectively .The differences between the response thresholds of tone burst -ABR and the pure-tone audiogram were 12 .13 ± 4 .51 ,11 .43 ± 3 .66 ,7 .61 ± 2 .43 ,and 7 .17 ± 1 .32 dB ,respectively .At 0 .5 ,1 .0 ,2 .0 ,and 4 .0 kHz ,Pearson correlation coefficients were 0 .69 ,0 .79 ,0 .84 ,0 .89 ,respectively .Conclusion The tone burst -ABR and the pure -tone audiogram thresholds were a highly correlated with each other ,especially at 2 .0 kHz and 4 .0 kHz .Tone burst -ABR has the frequency specificity ,which can response the hearing level better .

Problem-Based Learning(PBL)is a new teaching mode.Application of PBL in Laboratory Diagnostics is a practical teaching reform.Students'learning mainly by themselves is PBL’s main feature.The status and role of teachers have a qualitative change.They are not teaching but guiding.Therefore teachers must realize the change of their roles in PBL.