Objective To investigate the expression characteristics of miR-155 and miR-146a in mice with schistosomiasis and praziquantel(PZQ)treatment. Methods Totally 40 BABL/c mice were divided into 4 groups:a normal group,a 6W infect-ed group that were infected cutaneously with 10 Schistosoma japonicum cercariae for 6 weeks,a 12W infected group that were in-fected cutaneously with 10 Schistosoma japonicum cercariae for 12 weeks,and a praziquantel treated group that were infected cuta-neously with 10 Schistosoma japonicum cercariae and intragastrically administered with PZQ(300 mg/kg/day)for 1 day in 6 weeks post-infection and continuing surviving 6 weeks. The animals were sacrificed in 6 weeks and 12 weeks post-infection respectively. The left front lobe of each liver was stained with hematoxylin-eosin(HE)to detect pathological lesions. The levels of mRNA ex-pressions of miR-155,miR-146a and pro-inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6)in the liver tissue were determined by using quantitative real-time PCR. Results The levels of mRNA expressions of miR-155,miR-146a and pro-inflammatory cyto-kines(TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6)in the 6W infected mice were significantly higher than those of the normal mice and of the 12W in-fected mice. Compared with the 12W infected mice,the inflammation response of liver egg granuloma in the PZQ-treated mice was ameliorated. Furthermore,there was a marked increase in the levels of mRNA expressions of miR-155,miR-146a and three pro-in-flammatory cytokines in the PZQ-treated mice compared to the 12W infected mice. Conclusion miR-155 and miR-146a may play a role in schistosomiasis liver inflammation response and the inflammation regulation of praziquantel treatment.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used in treatment of gastric cancer, but still lacking large sample controlled trial to evaluate its efficacy.

Fifteen compounds were isolated from the stem (with skin removed) of Sinocalamus affinis by a combination of various chromatographic techniques including silica gel, macroporous adsorbent resin, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data as ( + )-(1S, 2R)-1, 2-bis (4-hydroxy- 3-methoxyphenyl)-1, 3-propanediol (1), threo-guaiacylglycerol-beta-O-4'-coniferyl ether(2), erythro-guaiacylglycerol-beta-O-4'-coniferyl ether(3), ( + )-(7S, 8R, 8'R)-5'-methoxylariciresinol(4), ( + )-(7S, 8R, 8'R)-5, 5'-dimethoxylariciresinol (5), ( +/- )-glaberide I (6), ( - )-syringaresinol (7), ( - )-medioresinol(8), ( - )-(8R, 8R')-4, 4'-dihydroxy-3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethoxyligna-9, 9'-diol(9), ( - )-secoisolariciresinol-9, 9'-acetonide (10), and ( + )-lyoniresinol (11); a new natural product 2, 6-dimethoxypyran4-one (12), and beta-sitosterol, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, and 2, 6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone. These compounds were isolated from the genus Sinocalamus for the first time, compound 10 should be an artifact.
Chromatography ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Lignans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Poaceae ; chemistry

Two new compounds (1 and 2), together with twenty-one known compounds (3-23), were isolated by a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over macroporous resin, MCI gel, silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20 and reversed-phase HPLC. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic data analysis as 4-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxybenzyl) benzyl methyl ether (1), 4-( methoxymethyl) phenyl-1-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), hibicutaiwanin (3), 4-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-methoxyphenol (4), 4,4'-methylenebis(2-methoxyphenol) (5), L-phenyllactic acid (6) ,4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl ethol ether (7), p-hydroxylbenzyl alcohol (8), p-hydroxylbenzyl methyl ether (9), p-hydroxylbenzyl ethyl ether (10), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (11), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (12), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (13), gastrodin (14), 4-(ethoxymethyl) phenyl-1-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (15), 4-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy) benzaldehyde (16), p-methylphenyl-1-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (17 ), methyl-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (18), 5-hydroxymethl-furan aldehyde (19), parishin (20), parishin B (21), parishin C (22), and diosgenin (23). The 13C-NMR data of compound 4 was first reported.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Gastrodia ; chemistry ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Water ; chemistry