Radiotherapy is one of the main means of local treatment of breast cancer. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) as a molecular subtypes of breast cancer, its biological behavior is special and existing multiple molecular targets, these molecular targets inlfuence the response of ionization radiation through different mechanisms and regulate radiotherapy sensitivity of TNBC This article reviewed the recent advances in radiotherapy and radiosensitivity related molecular targets of TNBC.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of treatment for progressive multiple sclerosis(PMS)by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation(APBSCT).Methods Between September 2001 and July 2004,thirteen patients with PMS were treated with APBSCT in Xuanwu Hospital.Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs)were mobilized with G-CSF alone.The stem cell transplants were pured of lymphocytes in 7 patients.The high dose regimen was BEAM conditioning regimen (Carmustine,Etoposide,Cytosine Arabinoside,and Melphalan).The median follow-up time was 22 (3～36)months.Results The result showed that the mean EDSS rating score of patients in 18 months after APBSCT was significantly decreased[(4.05?0.66) vs(6.00?0.30),P

Diabetic diarrhea is one of the chronic complications of diabetes, which is particularly closely related to the spleen and kidney. Using these two organs as the theoretical foundation, the root of diabetic diarrhea can be grasped. Pathogenic dampness is responsible throughout the whole process of diabetic diarrhea. Using syndrome differentiation, deficiency is as the basic pattern and excess is the syndrome for diabetic diarrhea; diagnosis and treatment combine symptoms and syndromes, which not only particularly pay attention to protecting the spleen and kidney, but also clearing pathogenic dampness. At the same time, flexible medication is applied according to dynamic symptoms, which can achieve good efficacy.

Objective To investigate the value of CT scans in differential diagnosis of thyroid neoplasm.Methods CT findings ofthyroid neoplasm in 29 cases including 8 cases thyroid adenoma,4 cases nodular goiter and 17 cases thyroid carcinoma identified by operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results The contour of thyroid adenoma was distinct,a completely enhanced ring in 5 cases and enhanced nodules in 3 cases were showed on contrast-enhanced scan.4 cases of nodular goiter showed homogenous cystic low density the lesions were localized and distinct in contour,the cystic wall could be seen.Thyroid carcinoma appeared unhomogenous density,the edges contour of lesion was not distinct and infiltration on adjacent tissue might be seen.Conclusion CT scan might play an important role in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid neoplasm.

Objective To investigate the animal model of acute lung injury (ALI) induced by caudal vein injection of trypsin in rats and to evaluate the model.Methods The model of lung injury was established by caudal vein injection of trypsin in rats.The rats were killed at the time point of 3 h,6 h,12 h,24 h,and 24 h and then the pathological changes of structure of lungs,peripheral blood neutrophil count,arterial blood gas analysis and lung wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio in rats were measured and observed.Results The results of hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining showed that there was no obvious pathological changes in lung tissues of the control group,while alveolar and pulmonary septal edema,thickening,and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration in the lung tissues of the model group.Compared to the control group,the peripheral blood neutrophil counts,W/D and PaCO2 were significantly increased,PaO2 was significantly decreased (P ＜0.01).There was significant differences in the number of peripheral blood neutrophils,PaCO2,W/D and PaO2 between the model groups (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The rat model of ALI induced by trypsin can successfully simulate the lung damage caused by the release of a large number of trypsin when severe acute pancreatitis occurred.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 protein in ovarian serous carcinoma(OSC) and their clinicopathological significance.Methods The expressions of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 protein in 45 cases of OSC,60 cases of ovarian serous cystadenomas and 32 cases of ovarian borderline serous cystadenomas were detected by immunohistochemical SP method.The relationship between the expressions of these two proteins and the clinicopathological features of OSC and the correlation between Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 expressions in OSC were analyzed.Results The positive rates of Apaf-1 in OSC,ovarian serous cystadenoma and ovarian borderline serous cystadenoma were 24.4%(11/45),75.0%(45/60) and 46.9%(15/32),the difference was statistically significant (χ2=26.734,P<0.01).Apaf-1 expression was correlated with pathological grade,clinical stage and lymph nodes metastasis (χ2=6.318,7.565,5.554,P<0.05).The expression rates of Caspase-9 in OSC,ovarian serous cystadenoma and ovarian borderline serous cystadenoma were 28.9%(13/45),83.3%(50/60) and 56.3%(18/32),the difference was statistically significant (χ2=31.682,P<0.01).The expression of Caspase-9 was correlated with pathological grade,clinical stage and lymph nodes metastasis (χ2=5.750,4.391,5.466,P<0.05).In OSC,the expressions of Apaf-1 and Capase-9 were positively correlated (k=0.433,P=0.003).Conclusion The low expressions of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 in OSC may be related to the occurrence and development of OSC.

Objective:To assess the effect of rosiglitazone on inflammation in peritoneal dialysis patients. Methods:Fifty patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis were collected in our hospital. The treatment group was assigned to receive regular peritoneal dialysis and rosiglitazone 4mg once daily while the control group was received regular peritoneal dialysis for 12 weeks. Such serum examinations as fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, haemoglobin, serum total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured, tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were measured by ELISA, and homeostasis model as-sessment of insulin resistance( HOMA-IR) was also evaluated before and after the treatment. Results:After the 12-week treatment by rosiglitazone, the levels of FPG, HOMA-IR, hs-CRP, TNF-αand IL-6 were declined significantly(P<0. 05), and the level of HDL-C was increased significantly(P<0. 05). Conclusion: Rosiglitazone shows significant anti-inflammatory, insulin resistance improve-ment and anti-lipidemic effects in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Objective To study the expressions of apoptotic protease activating factor-1(Apaf-1)and astrocyte elevated gene-1(AEG-1)in colonic carcinoma,and to explore their correlations with the clinical path-ological features. Methods The expressions of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 were detected in 63 colonic carcinoma sam-ples and 30 normal colonic mucosa adjacent to tumor nest by immunohistochemical method,and their correla-tions with clinical features of colonic carcinoma were analyzed. Results The positive expressions of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 in colonic carcinoma were 23. 81%(15 / 63)and 68. 25%(43 / 63),respectively. The positive expre-ssions of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 in normal colonic mucosa were 76. 67%(23 / 30)and 26. 67%(8 / 30),respec-tively. The positive expression rate of AEG-1 was significantly higher in colonic carcinoma than that in normal tissue(χ2 = 14. 192,P = 0. 000). However,the expression of Apaf-1 was signi-ficantly lower in colonic carci-noma than that in normal tissue(χ2 = 23. 497,P = 0. 000). The expression of Apaf-1 was negatively correlated to the expression of AEG-1(r = - 0. 339,P = 0. 007). The expressions of AEG-1 and Apaf-1 were associated with differentiation degree(χ2 = 4. 643,P = 0. 031;χ2 = 12. 034,P = 0. 001)and clinical stage(χ2 = 6. 628, P = 0. 010;χ2 = 8. 246,P = 0. 004),but they were not correlated with age(χ2 = 1. 462,P = 0. 227;χ2 =2. 401,P = 0. 121)and tumor size(χ2 = 0. 333,P = 0. 564;χ2 = 0. 590,P = 0. 442). Conclusion The expression of AEG-1 is up-regulated in colonic carcinoma,but the expression of Apaf-1 is down-regulated,with a significant negative correlation. Apaf-1 and AEG-1 may be closely related to the occurrence and development of colon carcinoma. Therefore,combination detection of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 may be more valuable for the prog-nosis evaluation of colonic carcinoma.

Objective To observe the effect of ulinastatin in the treatment of children with severe pneumonia. Methods 86 children with severe pneumonia were divided into two groups according to the hospital card number:treatment group(n=45) and control group(n=41).All of them were given routine treatment,while the patients of the treatment group were given ulinastatin(5 000 U· kg-1 · time-1 ,1-2times/d,7d) in addition.The time of tem-perature drop to normal,the time of dyspnea improve,the time of dyspnea disappear,the time of lung rale disappear and length of hospital stay were observed.Then,the therapeutic effect was evaluated after treatment for 7 days.Results The treatment group had 21 cases excellence,21 cases improvement and 3 cases failure, the total effective rate was 93.33%,the control group had 17 cases excellence,15 cases improvement and 9 cases failure,the total effective rate was 78.04%,there was significant difference between the two groups(χ2 =4.17,P<0.05).The time of temperature drop to normal,the time of dyspnea improve,the time of dyspnea disappear,the time of lung rale disappear and length of hospital stay in the treatment group were (3.37 ±1.51)d,(3.12 ±1.72)d,(7.15 ±2.45)d,(10.75 ±2.47)d, respectively,which in the control group were (5.02 ±1.78)d,(4.82 ±1.51)d,(9.08 ±2.85)d,(13.22 ±2.85)d, there were significant differences between the two groups(t=4.71,4.91,3.42,4.41,all P<0.01).Conclusion Ulinastatin has good effect on children with severe pneumonia.It has value in application.

Purpose To study the expression of HIF-1αand Glut-1 in the molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma and their correlation with basal-like breast carcinoma. Methods 803 cases of invasive breast carcinoma from our database were identified. The clinicopath-ologic findings and the biologic markers including estrogen receptor ( ER) , progesterone receptor ( PR) , and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) status were reviewed. Immunohistochemical MaxVision stains for cytokeratin 5/6 (CK5/6) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) were performed. All breast carcinomas were subclassified into Luminal A, Lumincal B, HER-2 over-expression, normal-like, and basal-like subtypes according to Nielsen criteria. Immunohistochemical stain was also used to detect the expression of HIF-1αand Glut-1. Results Positive expression rates of HIF-1αprotein in basal-like, HER-2 over-expression, normal-like, Luminal A and Luminal B substypes were 77. 89% (74/95), 56. 06% (37/66), 55. 76% (92/165), 31. 97% (141/441), 25. 00% (9/36), respectively. The positive expression rates of Glut-1 protein were 80. 00% (76/95), 57. 58% (38/66), 58. 18%(96/165), 34. 01% (150/441), 25. 00% (9/36), respectively. The positive expression rates of HIF-1α and Glut-1 in the basal-like, HER-2 over-expressing and normal-like subtypes were remarkably higher than that in Luminal A and Luminal B subtypes ( P<0. 004 5) and the expression of HIF-1a and Glut-1 was negatively correlated with the expression of ER (P<0. 01). In the ER-negative breast cancers, the positive expression rates of HIF-1a and Glut-1 in basal-like substype were much higher than that in the other sub-types (P<0. 004 5), and the expression of HIF-1α was positively correlated with expression of Glut-1 in basal-like breast carcinoma (P<0. 01). Conclusion The overexpression of HIF-1αand Glut-1 may be closely related to the ER-negative breast cancer and HIF-1α and Glut-1 might play an important role in the development of basal-like breast carcinoma.