Radiotherapy is one of the main means of local treatment of breast cancer. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) as a molecular subtypes of breast cancer, its biological behavior is special and existing multiple molecular targets, these molecular targets inlfuence the response of ionization radiation through different mechanisms and regulate radiotherapy sensitivity of TNBC This article reviewed the recent advances in radiotherapy and radiosensitivity related molecular targets of TNBC.

Diabetic diarrhea is one of the chronic complications of diabetes, which is particularly closely related to the spleen and kidney. Using these two organs as the theoretical foundation, the root of diabetic diarrhea can be grasped. Pathogenic dampness is responsible throughout the whole process of diabetic diarrhea. Using syndrome differentiation, deficiency is as the basic pattern and excess is the syndrome for diabetic diarrhea; diagnosis and treatment combine symptoms and syndromes, which not only particularly pay attention to protecting the spleen and kidney, but also clearing pathogenic dampness. At the same time, flexible medication is applied according to dynamic symptoms, which can achieve good efficacy.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of treatment for progressive multiple sclerosis(PMS)by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation(APBSCT).Methods Between September 2001 and July 2004,thirteen patients with PMS were treated with APBSCT in Xuanwu Hospital.Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs)were mobilized with G-CSF alone.The stem cell transplants were pured of lymphocytes in 7 patients.The high dose regimen was BEAM conditioning regimen (Carmustine,Etoposide,Cytosine Arabinoside,and Melphalan).The median follow-up time was 22 (3～36)months.Results The result showed that the mean EDSS rating score of patients in 18 months after APBSCT was significantly decreased[(4.05?0.66) vs(6.00?0.30),P

Objective To investigate the expressions of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 protein in ovarian serous carcinoma(OSC) and their clinicopathological significance.Methods The expressions of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 protein in 45 cases of OSC,60 cases of ovarian serous cystadenomas and 32 cases of ovarian borderline serous cystadenomas were detected by immunohistochemical SP method.The relationship between the expressions of these two proteins and the clinicopathological features of OSC and the correlation between Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 expressions in OSC were analyzed.Results The positive rates of Apaf-1 in OSC,ovarian serous cystadenoma and ovarian borderline serous cystadenoma were 24.4%(11/45),75.0%(45/60) and 46.9%(15/32),the difference was statistically significant (χ2=26.734,P<0.01).Apaf-1 expression was correlated with pathological grade,clinical stage and lymph nodes metastasis (χ2=6.318,7.565,5.554,P<0.05).The expression rates of Caspase-9 in OSC,ovarian serous cystadenoma and ovarian borderline serous cystadenoma were 28.9%(13/45),83.3%(50/60) and 56.3%(18/32),the difference was statistically significant (χ2=31.682,P<0.01).The expression of Caspase-9 was correlated with pathological grade,clinical stage and lymph nodes metastasis (χ2=5.750,4.391,5.466,P<0.05).In OSC,the expressions of Apaf-1 and Capase-9 were positively correlated (k=0.433,P=0.003).Conclusion The low expressions of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 in OSC may be related to the occurrence and development of OSC.

Objective To investigate the value of CT scans in differential diagnosis of thyroid neoplasm.Methods CT findings ofthyroid neoplasm in 29 cases including 8 cases thyroid adenoma,4 cases nodular goiter and 17 cases thyroid carcinoma identified by operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results The contour of thyroid adenoma was distinct,a completely enhanced ring in 5 cases and enhanced nodules in 3 cases were showed on contrast-enhanced scan.4 cases of nodular goiter showed homogenous cystic low density the lesions were localized and distinct in contour,the cystic wall could be seen.Thyroid carcinoma appeared unhomogenous density,the edges contour of lesion was not distinct and infiltration on adjacent tissue might be seen.Conclusion CT scan might play an important role in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid neoplasm.

Objective:To assess the effect of rosiglitazone on inflammation in peritoneal dialysis patients. Methods:Fifty patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis were collected in our hospital. The treatment group was assigned to receive regular peritoneal dialysis and rosiglitazone 4mg once daily while the control group was received regular peritoneal dialysis for 12 weeks. Such serum examinations as fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, haemoglobin, serum total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured, tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were measured by ELISA, and homeostasis model as-sessment of insulin resistance( HOMA-IR) was also evaluated before and after the treatment. Results:After the 12-week treatment by rosiglitazone, the levels of FPG, HOMA-IR, hs-CRP, TNF-αand IL-6 were declined significantly(P<0. 05), and the level of HDL-C was increased significantly(P<0. 05). Conclusion: Rosiglitazone shows significant anti-inflammatory, insulin resistance improve-ment and anti-lipidemic effects in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Objective To investigate the animal model of acute lung injury (ALI) induced by caudal vein injection of trypsin in rats and to evaluate the model.Methods The model of lung injury was established by caudal vein injection of trypsin in rats.The rats were killed at the time point of 3 h,6 h,12 h,24 h,and 24 h and then the pathological changes of structure of lungs,peripheral blood neutrophil count,arterial blood gas analysis and lung wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio in rats were measured and observed.Results The results of hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining showed that there was no obvious pathological changes in lung tissues of the control group,while alveolar and pulmonary septal edema,thickening,and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration in the lung tissues of the model group.Compared to the control group,the peripheral blood neutrophil counts,W/D and PaCO2 were significantly increased,PaO2 was significantly decreased (P ＜0.01).There was significant differences in the number of peripheral blood neutrophils,PaCO2,W/D and PaO2 between the model groups (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The rat model of ALI induced by trypsin can successfully simulate the lung damage caused by the release of a large number of trypsin when severe acute pancreatitis occurred.

OBJECTIVE To find out about the transverse section use rate of antimicrobials in our hospital. METHODS A transverse section survey was made from midnight on June 24,2004 to midnight on June 25,2004 within all the inpatients. RESULTS Among 1132 inpatients,the transverse section use rate of antimicrobials was 58.83%,the combined medication ratio being 34.08%.Of all antimicrobial takers 65.92% were given single drug,31.68% double,and 2.40% were given triple.Among all departments of the hospital,the universal ICU had the highest use rate which was 100.00%,next to which were those in the departments of nephrology and gynecology,being respectively 90.00% and 87.23%.The antimicrobial use rate in surgical department(69.68%) was remarkably higher than that in medical department(43.08%).The departments of ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology had the highest prophylactic use rate which was 83.64%.Rate of etiological examination for therapeutic medication in the whole hospital was 35.97%. CONCLUSIONS The transverse section use rate of antimicrobial in our hospital is slightly higher than the national average use rate.The constituent ratio of prophylactic medication is on the high side and the rate of etiological examination for therapeutic medication is on the low side.Management should be further strengthened for rational use of antimicrobials.

Objective To observe the effect of ulinastatin in the treatment of children with severe pneumonia. Methods 86 children with severe pneumonia were divided into two groups according to the hospital card number:treatment group(n=45) and control group(n=41).All of them were given routine treatment,while the patients of the treatment group were given ulinastatin(5 000 U· kg-1 · time-1 ,1-2times/d,7d) in addition.The time of tem-perature drop to normal,the time of dyspnea improve,the time of dyspnea disappear,the time of lung rale disappear and length of hospital stay were observed.Then,the therapeutic effect was evaluated after treatment for 7 days.Results The treatment group had 21 cases excellence,21 cases improvement and 3 cases failure, the total effective rate was 93.33%,the control group had 17 cases excellence,15 cases improvement and 9 cases failure,the total effective rate was 78.04%,there was significant difference between the two groups(χ2 =4.17,P<0.05).The time of temperature drop to normal,the time of dyspnea improve,the time of dyspnea disappear,the time of lung rale disappear and length of hospital stay in the treatment group were (3.37 ±1.51)d,(3.12 ±1.72)d,(7.15 ±2.45)d,(10.75 ±2.47)d, respectively,which in the control group were (5.02 ±1.78)d,(4.82 ±1.51)d,(9.08 ±2.85)d,(13.22 ±2.85)d, there were significant differences between the two groups(t=4.71,4.91,3.42,4.41,all P<0.01).Conclusion Ulinastatin has good effect on children with severe pneumonia.It has value in application.

BACKGROUND:The cell-sheet technology, based on a temperature-responsive culture, has been drawing more and more attention;however, the temperature-responsive culture dish is quite expensive. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a substitutive technique.OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility of cell-sheet ulturing using common culture dish, and investigate the chondrogenesis of the cell sheet. METHODS: A piece of nasal septal cartilage was adopted from a patient with deviation of nasal septum to extract primary chondrocytes that were then cultured and amplified. The passage 3 chondrocytes were used to construct ell sheets. Monolayer cell sheet was formed by intensive culturing and allowing the extracellular matrix secretion. Bilayer cell sheet was constructed by seeding passage 2 chondrocytes on the monolayer cell sheet. The cell sheets were harvested using cell scraper, their properties were investigated prior to plantation into nude mice to construct the tissue-engineered cartilage. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Both bilayer and monolayer cell sheets with soft tremellose structures showed no significant difference through naked eyes. The newly harvested cell sheets appeared to have good fluidity and gelation. Eight weeks after mplantation into the nude mice, mature cartilage blocks were obtained. Histologically, the cell sheets were thin films composed by layered chondrocytes and extracellular matrix. Glycosaminoglycan formation and type Ⅱ collagen expressions were observed in the cell sheets cultured in vitro. The explanted samples exhibited ature cartilaginous tissue at 8 weeks after implantation. Biochemical analysis showed that the DNA contents of the neocartilages were higher than those of native human costal cartilage, while the contents of glycosaminoglycan and hydroxyproline were similar to native human nasal septal cartilage. To conclude, the hondrocyte cell sheets are likely to be constructed and harvested successfully using common culture dish, and the cell sheets exhibit favourable chondrogenesis.