To explore the applicability of interleukin 8(IL 8)to determination of wound age in the incised and stabbed human skin samples,an immunohistochemical study on the temporal expression of IL 8 was performed on 52 human skin wounds at different posttraumatic intervals.Expression of IL 8 was detectable in polymorphonuclear cells(PMNs)in the wound specimens aged 4h.In the wound specimens aged from 12～24h after injury,IL 8 was identified in a large number of infiltrating PMNs and part of mononuclear cells(MNCs).Afterwards,the MNCs and fibroblastic cells(FBCs)accounted in the most part of the IL 8 positive cells.Morphometrically,the ratio of the number of the IL 8 stained PMNs,MNCs and FBCs to total number of the cells in the wounds was evaluated and calculated.The ratio of the IL 8 positive cells was low in the wound specimens aged 4 and 6h(16 0?10 1%),and maximized in the wound specimens aged between 1 and 4 days(59 6%?8 7%).Thereafter,the ratio decreased and minimized in the specimens aged from 19 to 21 days(27 5?5 9%).The results suggest that IL 8 can be used as a marker for the wound age determination in both incised and stabbed human skin.

Objective To observe the characteristic injuries on motor-cyclists for the forensic indentifi-cation in cases of traffic accident. Methods Investigate retrospectively the injuries of motor-cyclists and passengers in 408 traffic accident cases occurred during 2000 to 2002 in Beijing area. Results There were characteristic injuries at motor-cyclist's abdomen, perineum, inner side of thighs, chest, face, neck, front of tibia. They reflect contours of certain components of motor-cycle, but the injuries of passengers can not reflect the components of motor-cycle. Conclusion The characteristic injuries caused by certain components of motor-cycle might be useful for differential diagnosis the motor-cyclists and the passengers in cases of traffic accident.

Acute Stanford type A aortic dissection with important branches involved is more complex, could lead to organ malperfusion syndrome even organ failure. The understanding of pathological anatomy, classification, staging, and the pathophysiological change has increasingly mature, but not complete. In addition, the treatment strategy for complex lesions is diversified, some questions may not reach consensus. Fully understanding of the anatomical and pathophysiology is very important for surgeons to choose reasonable treatment strategy. As the rapid development of the basic research, imaging techniques and the concept of surgery procedures, the manage technique of Stanfrod type A dissection and branch vessels at the same time is getting seriously, the related issues also need further discussions.