Objective　To discuss the development and the invasive transfer mechanism.Methods　Cell culture method, p53 protenin immunohistochemistry, PCR-SSCP examination, zymography, PCM and heterogenic inouclation test inside the nude mice were adopted. Results　p53 genetic mutation existed in human melanoma cells. The fluorescent positive rate of 67KD LN-R on the surface of the melanoma cell and the average flurescent intensity are repectively WM451＞WM983A＞WM1341B＞WM35.Early WM35 did not produce MMPs; WM1341B only produced 72KDa(MMP-2),not 92KDa(MMP-9);Both WM983A at progressive stage and distal transfering tumor WM45 produced 72KDa and 92KDa. WM983A and WM451 were also seen to form evident transfering tumor inside the naked mice.Conclusion　p53 genetic mutation, the production of MMPs and the high indication of 67KD LN-R on the celluar surface are the key factors for the human melanoma cell to obtain invasive transferring abililty.

Purpose To investigate the application value in diagnosis of pleural effusion by cell block combined with immunohisto-chemistry. Methods 60 cases of pleural effusion were collected, and paraffin-embedded cell block was prepared and immunohisto-chemistry was used to detect the expression of CK7, TTF-1, E-cadherin, CEA and Calretinin. Results By use of cell block combined with immunohistochemistry, malignant detected rate was higher than that of the conventional centrifugal smear. There was statistical significance in the expression of CK7, TTF-1, E-cadherin, CEA and Calretinin between pleural effusion lung adenocarcinoma and reac-tive hyperplasia mesothelial cells (P<0. 05). CK7, TTF-1, E-cadherin and CEA were highly expressed in pleural effusion of lung ad-enocarcinoma cell. Calretinin was highly expressed in hyperplastic mesothelial cells. Conclusion Cell block and immunohistochemi-cal technique combination in the differential diagnosis of difficult pleural effusion has important clinical significance. It is worthy of popularization and further clinical application.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the fourth-generation ultrasonic lithotripsy system for treating the urinary tract stones.Methods243 cases of urinary tract stones who received treatment of fourth-generation EMS ultrasonic lithotripsy system were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsImmediate phase I lithotrotrisy was performed successfully in 227 cases and the successful rate of phase I was 93.3％ (227/243).Delayed phase Ⅱ lithotripsy was performed for 16 patients.Complications happened in 2 cases,one case occurred hydropneumothorax during operation,required indwelling thoracic drainage tube processing,the other had severe bleeding which conservative treatment was ineffective,cured by the intervention of super-selective renal artery embolization.Conclusion Fourth generation of ultrasonic lithotripsy for treating stones on different anatomical locations of urinary system was safe,practical and efficient,worthy of clinical application.

Objective To establish a rapid method to detect mutations in rpoB genes of rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tubereulosis in dinical specimens using Real-time fluorescence PCR molecular beacon assay.Methods 174 strains of Mvcobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates were analyzed using real-time fluorescence PCR molecular beacon assay foilowed with DNA sequencing while 12 strains of NTM and 4 strains of bacteria other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis were used as the contrast.Results Eighty-two 89.1 of 92 rifampin (RIF)-resistant strains and 3 of 82 RIF-sensitive strains were found to harbor mutation in the rpoB gene using real-time fluorescence PCR-molecular beacon assay.The specificity, sensitivity,and accuracy of this assay were 96.3%,89.1%,and 92.5%,respectively-Eithty-three of 92 RIF-resistant strains and 1 of 82 RIF-sensitive strains were found to harbor mutation in the rpoB gene using the direct DNA sequencing.The specificity,sensitivity,and accuracy of the direct DNA sequencing were 98.8,90.2%,and 94.2%,respectively.As compared with real-time PCR molecular beacon assay,171 of 174(98.3%)strains of myeobactefium tuberculosis clinical isolates had the salne results.Conclusion Real-time fluorescence PCR-molecular beacon assay can be used as a rapid screen method to detect RIF-resistant isolates.

Radiographic detection of pulmonary nodules based on three-dimensional Hessian matrix is highly sensitive but frequently produces false positive results in areas where blood vessels intersect. We propose a novel approach to pulmonary nodule detection using Hessian matrix-based adaptive window structure analysis, in which the structure coefficients is used to differentiate a voxel that belongs to a nodule or vascular structures, followed by construction of the 3D adaptive window to analyze the local structure characteristics; the nodules were then detected using the discrimination function. The experimental results on pulmonary CT images from 17 patients showed a 100% detection sensitivity for nodules of varying sizes and types, with also significantly reduced false positive results generated by the vessel junctions. This approach provides valuable assistance to follow-up positioning and segmentation of the pulmonary nodules.
Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo investigate expression of Her-2/neu (c-erbB-2) and its significance in ovarian epithelial tumors.

METHODS106 specimens and clinical history of ovarian epithelial tumors were collected including 54 cases of malignant, 33 cases of borderline and 19 benign cases. There were 19 cases of stages I and II and 35 cases of stages III and IV in ovarian carcinoma and all borderline malignant cases were stage I according to FIGO's standard. Immunohistochemical staining for Her-2/neu was performed by LSAB method.

RESULTSThe positives rates of Her-2/neu of benign, borderline and malignant tumors were 47.4% (9/19), 84.8% (28/33,), and 85.2% (46/54), respectively. Both borderline and malignant cases were found to have higher expression of Her-2/neu than those of benign cases (P < 0.02 and P < 0.01) respectively. Overexpression of Her-2/neu showed in 14/54 (25.9%) of malignant cases, 3/33 (9.1%) of borderline, and none of benign cases. Overexpression of Her-2/neu in malignant tumors cases with metastasis was higher than those without metastasis (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONOverexpression of Her-2/neu is associated with biological aggressiveness of ovarian cancer.

Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Ovarian Neoplasms

OBJECTIVETo investigate the pathological course in intracranial aneurysms.

METHODSNormal intracranial artery tissue (cortex fistulization) from 1 case, ruptured aneurysms tissuses from 11 cases, unruptured aneurysm tissues from 2 cases were obtained by neurosurgical excision. Routine HE staining was used to observe histological characteristics. In situ hybridization was used to observe the expression of the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) mRNA in the walls of the normal artery and aneurysms.

RESULTSBy the HE staining showed that the wall of the ruptured aneurysms (10 cases) and unruptured ones (2 cases) had increased intima and connectivum extima. The fibroblast in the intima was arrayed in the disorder. Monocyte-like cells can be seen in the whole aneurysm wall. In one case aneurysms wall (ruptured) glass-like fiber structure was left over, few cells could be seen. In 9 cases, mural thrombus was found. The thrombus represented with organization. In situ hybridization, MCP-1 mRNA was not detectable in the normal artery. The hybridization signal could be observed in the ruptured aneurysms (10 cases) and unruptured ones (2 cases) often in the intima. MCP-1 mRNA appeared to be expressed by fibroblast cells in its cytoplasm. Monocyte-like cells had little cytoplasm, and the signal was seldom seen. The hybridization signal was discontinuous in the intima, MCP-1 mRNA expressed where fibroblast and monocyte-like cells assembled. One ruptured aneurysm had no signal because there were no cells only glass-like fiber. Mural thrombus showed upregulated hybridization signal in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts, phlogocytes and endotheliocytes of its micrangium.

CONCLUSIONThe pathological representation of the ruptured and unruptured aneurysms and the upregulated expresion of MCP-1 in the aneurysm wall suggest that the development of aneurysm may be a course of chronic inflammation in which main inflammatory cells are monocyte-like cells.

Aneurysm, Ruptured ; Chemokine CCL2 ; Endothelium, Vascular ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; RNA, Messenger

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of realtime polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay in the detection of group B Streptococcus (GBS) in pregnant women. Methods Samples were collected from 1 395 women at 35-37 weeks of gestation from March 1 to December 31, 2009 at three hospitals in Beijing. Samples were obtained from the lower one third vaginal wall and perianal area and tested for GBS using standard culture and PCR. Standard culture and gene analysis for GBS were applied as the gold standard, and the sensitivity and specificity of the rapid assay were determined. Results Of the 1 395 women qualified for PCR testing, 40(2.9%) were identified as GBS positive on the basis of the results of specimen culture, compared to 114 (8.2%) on the basis of PCR assay. The culture was negative and the PCR positive in 77 patients. The results which were not in agreement using the two tests were evaluated by the gene analysis for GBS. Among the 77 samples which were GBS positive by PCR, 66 samples were determined as GBS positive by gene analysis. The sensitivity of the PCR assay was 97.2%(103/106) and specificity was 99.1%(1 278/1 289), the maternal GBS colonization was 7.6%(106/1 395). Conclusions Realtime PCR assay allows rapid and reliable detection of GBS in last trimester with high sensitivity and specificity.

OBJECTIVETo establish three orthotopically transplanted model of human primary malignant spleen lymphoma in the nude mice.

METHODSOrthotopic transplantation of histologically intact human primary malignant splenic lymphoma tissue obtained from patients was introduced into the splenic parenchyma of nude mice. Tumorigenicity, invasion, metastasis and morphological characteristics of the transplanted tumor were studied by light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemical methods.

RESULTSThe first kind, a strain of human primary malignant spleen lymphoma (non-Hodgkin's, cleaved B cell, BFNHL-HMN-1) screened from 11 patients which had been passaged in vivo for 41 generations, a second kind, a liver metastasis model of human primary malignant spleen lymphoma (non-Hodgkin's, cleaved B cell, LM-BFNHL-HMN-2) which had been passaged for 47 generations and a third kind of human primary malignant spleen lymphoma (non-Hodgkin's, T-immunoblastic cell, TINHL-HMN-3) having passaged for 37 generations were all successfully transplanted in 611 nude mice. Models of BFNHL-HMN-1 and TINHL-HMN-3 tumor gave nodular growth and lymph node metastasis in the spleen hilum but without any metastasis in the abdominal lymph nodes or organs. In the LM-BFNHL-HMN-2 model, not only did the tumor cells grow in the spleen, but in spleen hilum, lymph nodes and liver also. The orthotopically transplanted tumor cells were similar to the original human tumor in light histopathology, ultrastructure features, DNA content and chromosomal karyotype.

CONCLUSIONThese three models are able to serve as useful tools for the study of biologic characteristics and experimental treatment of human primary malignant lymphoma.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Splenic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Female ; Humans ; Hydatidiform Mole ; diagnosis ; Pregnancy ; Uterine Neoplasms ; diagnosis