Objective To investigate the endothelial dysfunction in pre-hypertension and its influencing factors.Methods A total of 373 youth were divided as the subjects into hypertension group (HBP group),prehypertension group (PHT group) and normal blood pressure group (NBP group).Endothelial function was assessed based on carotid intima-media thickness (IMT),brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV).Results IMT and baPWV in PHT group were higher than those in NBP group (P＜0.05),but did not reach the significant difference when compared with HBP group (P＞0.05).Compared with HBP,the levels of FMD in PHT group significantly increased (P＜ 0.05);however,no difference was observed in comparison with NBP group (P＞0.05).In the early stage of hypertension,diastolic BP (β=-0.120,P＜0.05) and body mass index (β=-0.115,P＜0.05) were negatively correlated with FMD;diastolic BP (β=0.146,P＜0.05),2-hour glucose (β=0.147,P＜0.05),high-density lipoprotein cholestrol (β=0.150,P＜0.05),and waist-hip ratio (β=0.126,P＜0.05) showed a positive correlation with IMT.baPWV was correlated with systolicBP (β=0.358,P＜0.01),waist circumference (β=0.254,P＜0.05),fasting glucose (β=0.155,P＜0.05),postprandial 2 h blood glucose (β =0.152,P ＜0.05),uric acid (β =0.206,P ＜ 0.05),and C-reactive protein (β=0.099,P＜0.05).Corclusion Our study shows that endothelial dysfunction may exist in the prehypertensive young,and several cardiovascular risks contribute to its development in the early stage of hypertension.

OBJECTIVEBased on the different physiological characteristics of the mastoid skin and soft tissue of Chinese congenital microtia malformation, the Nagata two-stage method was respectively applied for ear reconstruction, and the clinic experience were investigated in this study.

METHODAccording to the mastoid skin and soft tissue difference in the thickness and tightness, 280 patients diagnosed with congenital microtia were divided into four types: thin and tight, thin and loose, thick and tight, thick and loose type. 90 cases of thin and loose type accepted the Nagata method of ear reconstruction surgery.

RESULTSWith average 7.8 months follow up, 84.4% (76/90) cases using Nagata two-stage method were satisfied with the outcome of the reconstructed ear including three dimensional position and subunit appearance. There were no postoperative complication related to chest wall deformity or affected normal physical function.

CONCLUSIONSThe Nagata two-stage method is appropriate management choice for Chinese congenital microtia. Based on the different physiological characteristics of the mastoid skin and soft tissue, the selection of different operational should be beneficial to the ear reconstruction of Chinese congenital microtia malformation.

China ; Congenital Microtia ; surgery ; Ear, External ; surgery ; Humans ; Mastoid ; Otologic Surgical Procedures ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Skin ; Thoracic Wall

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is one of the major etiologies responsible for the acute, highly contagious disease in the digestive tract of pigs, especially neonatal piglets. Since PEDV was first identified in Europe in the late 1970s, it has resulted in significant economic losses in many Asian swine-raising countries, including China. Recently, reverse genetics techniques including targeted RNA recombination, bacteria artificial chromosome system and in vitro ligation have been successfully used to manipulate the genome of PEDV, which providing new strategies for the clear delineation of the functions of the viral proteins, the mechanisms behind PEDV pathogenesis and the design of novel vaccines against PEDV. Here, we review the progresses of different reverse genetics platforms developed for PEDV and their applications, covering the roles of trypsin in PEDV propagation, functions of S and ORF3 protein and the development of next generation PED vaccines, and the perspectives of reverse genetics for PEDV.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a major disease of pigs that inflicts heavy losses on the global pig industry. The etiologic agent is the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), which is assigned to the genus Alphacoronavirus in the family Coronaviridae. This review consists of five parts, the first of which provides a brief introduction to PEDV and its epidemiology. Part two outlines the passive immunity in new born piglets and the important role of colostrum, while the third part summarizes the characteristics of the immune systems of pregnant sows, discusses the concept of the "gut-mammary gland-secretory IgA(sIgA) axis" and the possible underpinning mechanisms, and proposes issues to be addressed when designing a PEDV live vaccine. The final two parts summarizes the advances in the R&D of PEDV vaccines and prospects future perspectives on prevention and control of PEDV, respectively.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; Coronavirus Infections/veterinary* ; Female ; Immunization ; Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus ; Pregnancy ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/prevention & control* ; Viral Vaccines

ORF3 protein, the single accessory protein encoded by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), is related to viral pathogenicity. In order to determine the cytoplasmic location signal of PEDV ORF3, we constructed a series of recombinant plasmids carrying full-length or truncated segments of PEDV DR13 ORF3 protein. When the acquired plasmids were transfected into Vero cells, expression and distribution of the EGFP-fused full-length ORF3 protein and its truncated forms in the cells were observed by laser confocal microscopy. The results showed that ORF3 protein or their truncated forms containing 40-91 aa segment including two transmembrane domains were localized in the cytoplasm, whereas ORF3 truncated peptides without the 40-91 aa segment were distributed in the whole cell (in both cytoplasm and nucleus). This suggests that the 40-91 aa is the key structural domain determining cytoplasmic location of PEDV ORF3 protein. The discovery provides reference for further clarifying intracellular transport and biological function of PEDV ORF3 protein.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Coronavirus Infections ; virology ; Cytoplasm ; virology ; Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus ; genetics ; Protein Domains ; Swine ; Vero Cells ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; metabolism

Three pairs of primers were designed according to the conserved region of IBRV gB gene published in GenBank(GenBank Accession No. DQ006857.1) using the software Primer Explorer V4. The loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was established by optimization of the reaction system and then evaluated through sensitivity and specificity tests. In total 393 clinical specimens were detected for IBRV using the established LAMP assay performed at 65℃ for 50 min, which produced a ladder-like pattern of amplification bands and the detection result could be judged by color change. The sensitivity of the assay was 10 copies/μL plasmid DNA which was 1000 times higher than that by PCR method and equivalent to nested-PCR. There was no cross-reactivity of the assay with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), pseudorabies virus (PRV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). The positive rate of 301 nasal swabs and 92 serum specimens were 87.6% and 58.8%, respectively, which meant nasal swab specimen was more suitable for clinical IBRV detection by the method. The IBRV LAMP method established in this study has the advantages of visualization, quickness, specificity and sensitivity and be suitable for rapid detection of clinical IBRV detection on the spot.