BACKGROUND:Bone turnover markers are the products in the blood or urine in the process of bone reconstruction, which can be used to evaluate bone resorption and bone formation rate, thereby indicating potential bone diseases. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effect of exercise on the levels of bone turnover markers in the blood and urine samples. METHODS:Databases of PubMed and Wangfang were retrieved with key words of“bone formation, bone resorption, alkaline phosphotase, osteocalcin PICP, PINP, hydroxyproline, pyridinoline, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase”by screening titles and abstracts to search papers related to exercise effects on the biological markers of bone formation. Final y, 48 papers were discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The effect of exercise on bone turnover refers to the influence on bone formation and bone resorption. Exercise enhances or inhibits the activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and accelerates or delays bone reconstruction by promoting or inhibiting the growth of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In recent years, exercise exhibits more and more influence on the bone. Bone turnover markers compared with bone mineral density show changes earlier. By measuring the levels of bone turnover markers in blood and urine samples, it help us to understand the metabolism of bone tissue, to evaluate bone metabolic state, osteoporosis diagnosis classification, predicting of fracture risk, to observe the curative effect of drug treatment, and to diagnosis the metabolic bone differential disease.

Chronic low back pain is a common type of pain which is related to the dysfunction of low back muscles. In recent years, the pressure biofeedback has been widely used for the assessment and treatment of chronic low back pain. This paper reviewed the reliability and validity of pressure biofeedback unit in the evaluation of lumbar and abdominal muscles activity, as well as its application on the rehabil-itation of chronic low back pain, which mainly related to the assessment and treatment of lumbar muscle activity and lumbar spine stability.

Lumbar dysfunction closely relates to the weakness or deficiency of lumbar proprioception, and accurate and comprehensive lumbar proprioception test is the important basis of training program formulation, efficacy assessment and prognostic evaluation. Comprehensive lumbar proprioception test includes position sense test, kinesthesia test and vibration sense test. It has been widely used in clinic at abroad, and is rich in test equipments and methods. Domestic research is still at the preliminary stage in this field, and is lack of accurate, objective and unified test methods. According to an overview of relevant literature, this article discussed the lumbar proprioception test methods, the influential factors and reliability of the test, finally, put forward the prospects about the research direction in this field.

Objective To investigate the risk distribution of breast cancer for location and time of recurrence metastasis in molecular subtype.Methods We studied retrospectively the female patients who were diagnosed as invasive ductal breast cancer in our hospital from July 2004 to June 2012,detected ER,PR,and HER2 expressions in the paraffin sections.The patients with recurrence metastasis were divided into local recurrence and distant metastasis with the first transfer site as standard for analyzing the distribution in molecular subtype and the time of the first site of recurrence metastasis.Results Sixty two patients were encountered recurrence metastasis,including 23 patients with local recurrence,and 39 patients with distant metastasis,death 11.The rates of distant metastasis for patients who belonged to HER2 type and basal-like type were higher than that of local recurrence (P =0.01,P =0.001).The risk distribution of recurrence metastasis time in molecular recurrence metastasis showed that 35 percent of recurrence metastasis time of luminal A type was first 3 years,75 percent of molecular subtype of basa1-1ike type recurrence metastasis time in first 3 years and advanced.The peak of luminal B and HER2 type was first 3 years,and very low in 5 years.Conclusions Molecular subtype of breast cancer is an important complement for TNM method in accurately assessing the patients of recurrence metastasis for location and time,and is helpful for the individual screening of patients for recurrence metastasis.

Objective To assess the test-retest reliability of pressure biofeedback in measuring intra abdominal pressure in the lumbar region for normal subjects .Methods We choosed 33 subjects (20 to 27 years old) and asked them to do four movements (movement A :prone position ;movement B :supine position with flexion hip and knee joint ;movement C :supine position with single flexion hip and knee joint ;movement D :prone position with flexion shoulder joint ;) by using pressure biofeedback twice totally ,and the last measurement should be done after 24 h .The indicator of test-retest reliability of joint position was intraclass correlation co-efficient (ICC) .Results The test-retest reliability of intra abdominal pressure was modest in the four movements in the lumbar re-gion ,and the values of ICC were from 0 .786 - 0 .848 .The test-retest reliability of intra abdominal pressure was good in Movement A [ICC(95% CI)= 0 .817(0 .630 - 0 .910)] ,Movement B [ICC(95% CI)= 0 .848 (0 .692 - 0 .925)] ,Movement D [ICC(95% CI)= 0 .841(0 .678 - 0 .921)] .And the test-retest reliability of intra abdominal pressure was good in Movement C [ICC (95% CI) =0 .786(0 .566 - 0 .894)] .Conclusion The test-retest reliability of intra abdominal pressure was modest and good in the lumbar re-gion ,and pressure biofeedback could be useful to assess intra abdominal pressure .

Objective To study the relation between alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (AIONFH) related with high morbidity TCM constitution type with CYP2C8 gene polymorphisms.Methods Totally 152 Han nationality NONFH cases from Feburary 2014 to September 2015 from outpatient and the inpatient departments in Gansu Province Hospital of TCM were collected. 50 AIONFH cases were set as medical case group; meanwhile, 45 healthy volunteers were enrolled as control group. Database for medical materials of all patients and volunteers was established. TCM distribution for AIONFH patients was determined. Solution DNA extraction kit was used to extract DNA, and detect the concentration and purity of DNA. The target gene was amplified by PCR and the target gene was amplified by gel electrophoresis. The length of the fragment was confirmed to conduct target gene sequencing. With the results of sequencing and gel electrophoresis, the relation of AIONFH with CYP2C8 gene polymorphism in AIONFH patients with phlegm-dampness syndrome and the control group.ResultsThe CYP2C8 gene loci rs17110453 gene polymorphism was not statistically significant between the two groups (χ2=0.253,P>0.05). There was no significant difference in allele between the two groups (χ2=0.077,P>0.05). The risk of disease in CC genotype was 1.37 times higher than the AA genotype (95%CI: 0.339-5.540), without statistical significance (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in genotype and allele distribution between AIONFH patients with phlegm-dampness and non-phlegm-dampness and the control group (P>0.05).Conclusion CYP2C8 gene loci rs17110453 gene polymorphism A/C mutation has no obvious relation with AIONFH risk. There is no clear relationship between CYP2C8 gene loci rs17110453 gene polymorphism with AIONFH.

Objective To analyze lesion patterns of lacunae-sized infarctions in the perforating arterial territory in terms of shape and determine whether the lesion patterns associate with their prognosis. Methods We consecutively included patients with confirmed lacunae-sized acute ischemic infarcts in the penetrating arterial territories on diffu?sion-weighted imaging(DWI)from Guangxi stroke center between June 2012 to September 2013. Based on diffu?sion-weighted MRI, the shape of ischemic infarcts were divided into oval or conglomerated beads shape. Demographics, risk factors and NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission and discharge, Ranking score after three months and stroke mechanisms were analyzed. Results Among 189 patients, the conglomerated beads shape and oval shape of infarcts were detected in 69(36.5%)and 120(63.5%)patients, respectively. There were not difference between these two groups in de?mographics, risk factors and NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission. However, the maximal diameter of the lesion was significantly larger in the conglomerated beads shape group than in the oval shape (13.8±2.3 mm vs. 10.6±3.2 mm, P=0.006). Early neurologic deterioration was also more commonly detected in the conglomerated beads shape group than in the oval shape group (24.6% vs. 5.0%,P=0.009). Early neurologic rehabilitation was slower in the conglomerated beads shape group than in the oval shape group(30.5% vs. 10.8%,P=0.018). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the conglomerated beads shape was significantly associated with early neurologic deterioration (OR=7.55, 95%CI:1.73~33.25,P=0.010) and was negatively related to early neurologic rehabilitation(OR=5.75, 95%CI:1.53~28.70,P=0.030). Conclusions The conglomerated beads shape of lacunae infarction is significantly associated with ear?ly neurologic deterioration and is negatively related to early neurologic rehabilitation.

Objective:To establish the determination method for four lurasidone hydrochloride enantiomers by HPLC. Methods:Lurasidone hydrochloride enantiomers were separated on a CHIRALPAK AD-H column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5μm). The mobile phase consisted of hexane-ethanol-diethylamine ( 90∶10∶0. 1) at a flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1 and the column temperature was at 40℃. The detection wavelength was 230nm. Results:The resolution of lurasidone hydrochloride enantiomers was above 2. 0. The linear calibra-tion curves were obtained over the range of 5-120 μg· ml-1 for all the enantiomers (r=0. 999 9). The recovery was above 99. 0%with RSD below 0. 5%. The detection limits were 5ng. Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate and rapid, and suitable for the de-termination and quality control.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare, chronic connective tissue disease with internal organ fibrosis, and interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the leading cause of death in patients with SSc. The onset of SSc-associated ILD is usually latent, and delayed treatment may lead to rapid progression, and markedly decrease the quality of life and survival rate of patients. This review summarizes approaches to the early diagnosis of SSc-associated ILD and the time-to-treatment, and provides an overview of its treatment, including traditional immunosuppressive agents, newly emerging targeted therapies, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, lung transplantation, and so on.