From recent collection of 40 male adult cadavers from Chungking, the authors caIculated the coefficient of correlation between the average lengths of long bones of both sides and the stature measured from the cadavers. The figures range from 0.719～0.849, which denote a rather high degree of correlation. Hence, 10 regression formulae were computed. After a thorough analysis of the equations, it indicates that the relationship between stature and long bones of the lower limb reveals a higher coefficient of correlation and a lower standard error of estimation than that from the upper limb. Moreover, the reconstruction of stature from the sum of the lengths of femur and tibia (or fibula) appears still more reliable than that from the femur alone. The regression formulae obtained had been compared with the only data thus far found on the North China sample (Stevenson, 1929),it exhibits that all regression lines of both sources parallel with each other (Chungking lines being placed a little bit lower), with the exception of the two humerus lines which intersect. Therefore, whether regression formulae computed from this paper can be expected to give an approximation to reality in different districts of China or not demands further checking over with figures derived from the stature estimate made in different localities by the same method.

BACKGROUND:At the beginning of the 20th century a strength training method in the backward direction appeared:hip stress strength training method. There are many articles focusing on the concept, function, effect and mechanism of this training method. So far, relevant research has formed a unique branch of special strength training research directions.
OBJECTIVE:To conclude the concept, function, effect, features and mechanisms of hip stress technical strength training through the systematic analysis of literature concerning hip stress strength training. METHODS:CNKI (1998/2010) and Wanfang databases were searched by the first author for relevant articles. The keywords were“hip stress, strength training, trajectory control, exercise training, muscle strength, knee, physical fitness, bone”in Chinese and English. The obtained data were summarized using contrast method and logic analysis method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total y 90 papers were retrieved, and final y 34 papers were included. The results showed that the hip technical strength training method is the most effective training method currently to cultivate the running, jumping and throwing back pedaling force after hip extension forces. It has a new training idea and special training equipments, which can effectively solve many sports difficulties in strength training and technical training and has the vital significance for the high-level sports training, skil s assessment and sports teaching. Hip stress special technical strength training research has formed a special research branch of special strength trainings, which wil play a more significant research role.

Objective To screen out the bioactive sulfate saccharides interacted with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and provide some scientific data on their pharmacology. Methods The interactions between G-CSF and 15 sulfate saccharides with various chain lengths and extent of sulfation were studied by capillary electrophoresis. Furthermore, the effects of these G-CSF binding saccharides on the proliferation and differentiation of leukemia cell line and NFS-60 were also investigated. Results Except for the hepatosaccharide, degradable carrageenan, Dextran sulfate (DexS) with a low molecular mass the nonsulfated sancharide and alkaline chitosan oligosaccharide, the rest of saccharides had interact with G-CSF.DexS500, λ carrageenan, ι carrageenan, κ carrageenan and low molecular weight heparin-1(LMWH-1)with anticoagulant activity could inhibit the NFS-60 growth. Compared with the absorbency of the control group (100.00±3.00) after these saccharides interacted with the NPS-60 cells, their relative absorbencies were 31.33±2.08,37.67±2.08,45.00±1.20,43.00±2.65 and 74.67±1.52, respectively. Their differences had a statistical significance(t=27.94,26.71,26.42,26.61,10.54,P<0.01). The morphological analytic results showed that the LMWH and lambda carrageenan as well as DexS with a molecular mass of 500 000 induce effectively promyclocyte to transit metamyelocyte. Flow cytometry results showed enhanced expressions of CD11b, CD18 and CD45 after treatment with the LMWH, lambda carrageenan and DexS500,respectively. Cell cycle analysis indicated that the S phase population decreased after treatment with these saccharides. Conclusions Capillary electrophoresis is an effective medicine-screening technique that is used to screen some of these saccharides which could bind to G-CSF. And it is found that the interactions are correlated with the chain length, the extent and the position of sulfation of these saccharides.

An efficient and sensitive analytical method for the simultaneous content determination of 18 amino acids in compound amino acid injection was developed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with pre-column derivatization. Phenyl isothiocyanate (PITC) was used as derivatization reagent. The target compounds were separated on a Unitary-C18 column (250 mm í 4.6 mm, 5 μm) in gradient elution mode using sodium acetate and the mixture of acetonitrile, methanol and water as mobile phases. The detection wavelength was 254 nm. The derivatization reagent dosage, derivatization time, salt concentration, the pH and the column temperature of mobile phase were investigated. Finally, 18 amino acids were separated within 40 minutes. The method showed that the good linearity (r2 ≥ 0.997 7) was at a range from 9 μg·mL-1 to 1 021 μg·mL-1. The recoveries ranged from 92.6% to 110.7%. And the relative standard deviations (RSD) ranged from 0.01% to 5.68%. The limits of quantification (LOQ, S/N = 10) ranged from 0.02 μg·mL-1 to 13.41 μg·mL-1. This method, which was simple, sensitive and accurate, can be applied for the content determination of amino acids in compound amino acid injections.

Objective To discuss the effect of team-based learning(TBL)combined with net-work environment in pathological experiment teaching. Methods Totally 112 clinical medical under-graduates were selected as research object. Digital microscope interactive teaching platform under the network environment was used in experimental group(n=56). In pathology experiment teaching,TBL steps of training,teaching plan demonstrating,grouping,teaching task arranging,asking questions, group learning and communicating were implemented. Traditional method (lecture)was used in con-trol group (n=56). Teaching effect was analyzed through questionnaire survey and score analysis. Stu-dents' evaluation on TBL teaching and network environment resources was expressed as percentage. Results In experiment group,average score was (85.5±3.11)points and average final exam score was (83.8±2.53)points,while in control group,average final exam score was (76.4±11.89)points. There were significance differences between the two groups (t=7.018,P<0.01). Surveys showed that most students accepted TBL teaching combined with network environment. Conclusions TBL teach-ing combined with network environment is feasible and effective in the pathology experimental class. Students' learning enthusiasm is generally improved and effectiveness of TBL teaching is satisfactory.

Objective To discuss the presentations, pathologic features, diagnosis and treatment of primary synovial sarcoma of the kidney. Methods One case of primary synovial sarcoma of the kidney was reported and the relevant literature was reviewed. A 55-year-old man was admitted with complaint of right abdomen and flank pain for 5 h. Computerized tomography revealed a 12.5 cm × 11.0 cm × 9. 0 cm mass located at the middle and lower pole of the right kidney. The patient was taken radical nephrectomy. Results The diagnosis of primary synovial sarcoma of the kidney in the patient was confirmed by postoperative pathology. Under microscope, tumor was typically mitotically active, monomorphic spindle cells growing in intersecting fascicles or in solid sheets with epithelial differentiation. In some areas a haemangiopericytoma-like pattern was found. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the tumor cells were positive for the markers Vimentin, CD99 and Bcl-2, but CK was negative. The patient died of local recurrence and multi-metastasis at 8 months after surgery. Conclusions Primary synovial sarcoma of the kidney is extremely rare with a high grade of malignancy,and its prognosis is poor. The diagnosis depends on pathological features, Immunohistochemical studies and RT-PCR detection. Radical resection combined with chemicaltherapy is considered to be the most reliable treatment so far.

BACKGROUND:Silk fibroin, as a kind of high-performance biomaterial, has been widely used to construct scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. However, whether silk fibroin itself holds osteoinductive ability has not been reported yet. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the impact of different concentrations of silk fibroin solution on the proliferation and differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s (BMSCs) in vitro. METHODS:Silk fibroin and BMSCs were respectively isolated from silkworm cocoon and rat tibia, and were identified. Then, BMSCs were cultured in different concentrations of silk fibroin solution (0.01%, 0.05%and 0.1%), and the cell proliferation and the alkaline phosphatase activity were detected at different time points. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:FTIR spectra of the sample extracted from silkworm cocoon showed distinct absorption peaks at 1 653 (amide I), 1 530.5 (amide II) and 1 212.3 cm-1 (amide III), which could be confirmed to be silk fibroin. Thus generated BMSCs showed long fusiform or astral morphology, positive for representative markers (CD29, CD44 and CD90) relating to mesenchymal stem cells, and could differentiate into osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes under specific induction conditions, which further confirmed the extracted cells were BMSCs. Compared with the control group (without silk fibroin), 0.05% silk fibroin not only significantly promoted the cell adhesion, migration and proliferation, but also enhanced the alkaline phosphatase activity (P<0.01). With the increasing of the silk fibroin concentrations, the osteodifferentiation capacity of the BMSCs was progressively improved within the range of 0-0.05%and then declined at 0.01%of silk fibroin solutions. These results suggest that silk fibroin can promote osteogenesis, thus providing scientific evidence for developing silk fibroin-based tissue-engineered scaffolds.

This paper reports one case of atypical falciparum malaria imported from Africa,whose blood smear contains many large trophozoites,with punctiform or massive brown pigment granules,the body shape of the plasmodium is similar to that of Plas-modium vivax and Plasmodium ovale. After the gene detection by PCR,the case was diagnosed as falciparum malaria. As large tro-phozoites were rarely seen in the peripheral blood of non-severe falciparum malaria cases,much attention should be paid to the identification of Plasmodium falciparum and other plasmodia in microscopic examinations.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the complications and conversions in myeloproliferative disorders (MPD).

METHODSThree hundred and fifty six patients with MPD were reviewed, including 78 with etiologic thrombocythemia (ET), 93 with primary myelofibrosis (MF), 185 with polythythemia vera (PV). The clinical observation, follow-up, analysis with SPSS statistic software were performed.

RESULTSOut of the 356 cases, 101 (28.5%) developed thromboembolic events, 81 (22.8%) hemorrhage, 60 (16.9%) hypertension, 20 (5.6%) coronary heart disease, 3 (0.8%) hemolysis and 1 (0.3%) gastrointestinal ulcer, 2 (0.6%) calculus and 1 (0.3%) bone marrow necrosis. Twenty four patients (6.7%) developed MF (9 in ET, 15 in PV), 2 (0.6%) erythrocytosis (1 in ET, 1 in MF), 3 (0.8%) thrombocythemia (all in PV), 5 (1.4%) acute leukemia (2 in ET, 3 in MF) and 1 (0.3%) multiple myeloma (in ET). Eleven cases (3.1%) died, 5 (1.4%) from acute leukemia, 2 (0.6%) fatal hemorrhages, 1 (0.3%) each myocardial infarction and infectious shock, 2 (0.6%) unknown causes.

CONCLUSIONEmbolism and bleeding were the main complications in MPD. Conversions among ET, MF and PV hematological malignancies could occur.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myeloproliferative Disorders ; complications ; mortality

Objective To understand the status of intestinal parasitic infections and the related knowledge and behavior in residents of Jiaodong area of Shandong Province,so as to provide the evidence for making an appropriate preventive and control strategy. Methods A total of 18 villages from 6 counties in Jiaodong area were selected as investigation sites according to the stratified sampling method. The feces samples of the permanent residents aged above 3 years were collected and examined by Kato-Katz technique to find the intestinal parasite eggs,and the children under 12 years old were examined by the method of cellophane anal swab to detect the Enterobius vermicularis eggs. In addition,50 households in each survey sites were randomly selected to in-vestigate the basic family situation and the condition of awareness on prevention knowledge and formation of correct behavior of res-idents by using a structured questionnaire. Results Totally 6 163 residents involved in the feces examinations,and the total in-fection rate of intestinal parasites was 6.91%. The infection rates of Trichuris trichiura,Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm were 6.56%,0.62%and 0.21%,respectively. The infection rate of E. vermicularis in children under 12 years old was 0.51%. The eggs of Clonorchis sinensis and Taenia solium were not found in this survey. The awareness rate of knowledge about preventing parasitic diseases was 49.54%. The formation rates of washing hands before eating,washing hands after using the toilet,never eating raw fruit and vegetable without washing clean,never working in the field with bare feet,and never drinking unboiled water were 97.78%,91.95%,88.81%,92.42%and 86.48%respectively. Conclusions The infection rate of intestinal parasites is low in Ji-aodong area,but there is a significant difference among different counties. The awareness rate of knowledge about preventing para-sitic diseases is low,but the formation rate of healthy behavior is high. In the future,the health education and the strategy of tak- ing medicine among the key population should be enhanced,and the project of reconstructing safe water supply and lavatory should be advanced.