Background Endophthalmitis is a serious,sight-threatening condition.Identifying the causative microorganisms is very important for available treatment of endophthalmitis.Objective This survey was to analyze the spectrum of organisms causing culture-proven endophthalmitis and their sensitivities to commonly antimicrobial agents.Methods Medical data of patients with culture-proven endophthalmitis at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from January 2003 through December 2010 were respectively reviewed.The outcomes included intravitreal isolates and antibiotic sensitivities were analyzed.Results Four hundred and sixty-nine strains of organisms were isolated from 447 eyes of 447 patients with infective endophthalmitis,including 22 eyes of polymicrobial infection.In the organisms,gram-positive organisms were 241 (51.4％),fungi were 125 (26.7％) and gram-negative organisms were 103 (22.0％).The most common organisms were Staphylococcus epidermidis in 29.4％,Aspergillus in 7.7％ and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 5.3％.In this group of infective patients,the most common clinic settings were posttraumatic endophthalmitis (72.7％),and then were postoperative endophthalmitis (10.5％),endogenous endophthalmitis (9.8％) and keratitis (6.9％).Most gram-positive organism and gram-negative organism were sensitive to levofloxacin and cefoperazone.The susceptibility rate of gram-positive organism to chloromycetin was increased in 2007-2010 years compared with 2003-2006 years (x2=5.398,P＜0.05).The susceptibility rate to ciprofloxacin of gram-negative organisms declined (x2 =5.398,P ＜ 0.05),but that to rifampicin increased in the duration of 2007-2010 compared with 2003-2006 (x2 =4.500,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Gram-positive organisms are the most commonly causative organisms of endophthalmitis.Most bacterial organisms are sensitive to levofloxacin and cefoperazone.Local data of culturing and susceptibility test offers a guideline for the treatment of infectious endophthalmitis.

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of continuous chest compressions (CCP) or interrupt chest compression (ICP) for the cardiac arrest patients. Methods Totally 114 adult patients with out-of-hospital non-trauma-related cardiac arrest that needed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in Quzhou People's Hospital from January 2014 to January 2017 were enrolled in this study. Patients who divided into CCP group (n=70) and ICP group (n=44) according to the maneuvers. The clinical data of these two groups were collected and compared. Results The chest-compression fraction was higher in CCP group than in ICP group (0.85±0.05 vs. 0.75±0.06,t=9.868,P=0.000),and the rate of chest-compression pause per minute was significantly lower in CCP group (3.5±1.6 vs. 6.9±3.8,t=-10.669,P=0.000). The interval from arrival at a first aid location to CPR,duration of CPR,electric defibrillation frequency,airway establishment,intubation time,and use of first-aid drugs were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Significantly lower proportion of patients in CCP group were transported to a hospital (42.8% vs. 56.8%,Χ=0.198,P=0.032). The proportion of patients achieving recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in CCP group were significantly lower than in ICP group (28.5% vs.47.7%,Χ=0.191,P=0.038). The proportion of patients who got successful resuscitation in CCP group was significantly lower than in ICP group (20.0% vs. 38.6%,Χ=4.470,P=0.029). The proportion of patients who survived and were discharged was significantly lower in CCP group than in ICP group (8.6% vs.22.7%,Χ=0.487,P=0.041). There was no significant difference between these two groups in ROSC time,proportion of survivors one month after discharge,proportion of survivors six months after discharges,and neurological outcomes (all P>0.05). Among the survivors,2 patients had ST-elevation myocardial infarction,1 had rheumatic heart disease,2 had non-ST segment elevations myocardial infarction,and 1 had dilated cardiomyopathy. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to analyze the independent factor of prognosis. The time from cardiac arrest to CPR (HR=1.047,95% CI=1.003-1.093,P=0.034),the time from CPR to ROSC (HR=1.021,95% CI=1.003-1.038,P=0.020),and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 1 score (HR=1.551,95% CI=1.022-2.355,P=0.039) were the independent risk factor for deaths within 180 days after discharge. Conclusion Long interval from cardiac arrest to CPR,long interval from CPR to ROSC,and a Glasgow Coma Scale score of>1 are the independent risk factors of deaths within 180 days after discharge. Therefore,the survival outcomes of CCP may not be superior to ICP in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Ar(+) laser on human vas deferens and to compare the effects of using different radiation levels with varying thickness of tissue and varying levels of injury.

METHODSAfter initial tests on animals, four human scrotums were opened and treated directly with Ar(+) laser radiation. Then 58 human individual scrotums were treated with radiation by the method of trans-skin puncture. The rate of sperm reduction and elimination was tested.

RESULTSIn 60 cases, the sperms were found to be eliminated completely after six months of radiation treatment. In 2 cases the sperms were found not to be eliminated completely due to the insufficient radiation.

CONCLUSIONAr(+) laser is one of the best forms of radiation for coagulation of vas deferens. It can be used to coagulate vas deferens without any complications or sequelae.

Adult ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Laser Coagulation ; Male ; Sterilization, Reproductive ; methods ; Vas Deferens ; surgery

Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who had undergone cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in China. Methods: From November 2017 to October 2018, this retrospective multi-center study was conducted in 11 hospitals in China. It contained data from 281 cases who had undergone CPR and all of the subjects were divided into CHD group and non-CHD group. The general condition, duration of CPR, epinephrine doses during resuscitation, recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), discharge survival rate and pediatric cerebral performance category in viable children at discharge were compared. According to whether malignant arrhythmia is the direct cause of cardiopulmonary arrest or not, children in CHD and non-CHD groups were divided into 2 subgroups: arrhythmia and non-arrhythmia, and the ROSC and survival rate to discharge were compared. Data in both groups were analyzed by t-test, chi-square analysis or ANOVA, and logistic regression were used to analyze the prognostic factors for ROSC and survival to discharge after cardiac arrest (CA). Results: The incidence of CA in PICU was 3.2% (372/11 588), and the implementation rate of CPR was 75.5% (281/372). There were 144 males and 137 females with median age of 32.8 (5.6, 42.7) months in all 281 CPA cases who received CPR. CHD group had 56 cases while non-CHD had 225 cases, with the percentage of 19.9% (56/281) and 80.1% (225/281) respectively. The proportion of female in CHD group was 60.7% (34/56) which was higher than that in non-CHD group (45.8%, 103/225) (χ²=4.00, P=0.045). There were no differences in ROSC and rate of survival to discharge between the two groups (P>0.05). The ROSC rate of children with arthythmid in CHD group was 70.0% (28/40), higher than 6/16 for non-arrhythmic children (χ²=5.06, P=0.024). At discharge, the pediatric cerebral performance category scores (1-3 scores) of CHD and non-CHD child were 50.9% (26/51) and 44.9% (92/205) respectively. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the independent prognostic factors of ROSC and survival to discharge in children with CHD were CPR duration (odds ratio (OR)=0.95, 0.97; 95%CI: 0.92~0.97, 0.95~0.99; both P<0.05) and epinephrine dosage (OR=0.87 and 0.79, 95%CI: 0.76-1.00 and 0.69-0.89, respectively; both P<0.05). Conclusions: There is no difference between CHD and non-CHD children in ROSC and survival rate of survival to discharge was low. The epinephrine dosage and the duration of CPR are related to the ROSC and survival to discharge of children with CHD.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Heart Arrest/therapy* ; Heart Defects, Congenital/therapy* ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units, Pediatric ; Male ; Retrospective Studies