Objective To compare the diagnosis results of endemic skeletal fluorosis from clinical and X-rays examinations, in order to provide the foundation for revising clinical diagnostic standard of endemic skeletal fluorosis. Methods The 675 inhabitants aged 16 to 60 years old were retrospectively chosen as subjects in 15 villages drinking un-improved water, where they lived for 10 years or more. Drinking water fluoride were rated as 0.5,1.0, 1.5,2.0,2.2,2.4,3.0,3.5,4.0,6.0,7.0 mg/L levels in Qianan and Nongan County of Jilin Province. The clinical and X-rays results of endemic skeletal fluorosis were analyzed and compared at different drinking water fluoride levels. Results The clinically detectable rates of endemic skeletal fluorosis(21.43%,22.45% ,21.28%, 19.05%, 38.89%) were higher than that of X-rays(0,2.04%,0,4.76%, 12.96%, X2=7.96,9.49,11.19,4.08,9.45, P<0.05) when fluoride content of drinking water was 2.0,2.2,2.4,3.0,4.0 mg/L. X-rays detective rates were 0 at water fluorides levels of 2.0,2.4 mg/L and still low at water fluoride levels of 3.0,4.0 mg,/L. The difference of detective rates of endemic skeletal fluorosis between the clinical (1.00%,4.44%, 7.23%, 18.00%, 54.39%, 49.18%) and X-rays (0,2.22%, 3.61%, 8.00%, 36.84%, 52.46%) were not statistically significant at water fluorides levels of 0.5,1.0,1.5,3.5,6.0,7.0 mg/L(X2=1.00,0.17,0.47,2.21,3.54,0.13, P>0.05). Conclusions The detectable rates of skeletal fluorosis increase with the increased concentration of water fluoride, which is more reliable for clinical examination than for X-rays method.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility of targeted imaging and therapy of prostate cancer using nanocomposite probes composed of fluorescent magnetic nanoparticles(FMCNPs) and single chain Fv(ScFv) antibody specific for gama-seminoprotein.Methods:The nanocomposite probes(FMCNPs-ScFv) were prepared by conjugating fluorescent magnetic nanoparticles with singlegama-chain Fv antibody specific gama-seminoprotein,and were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy,fluorescent spectrum and magnetic spectrum.Nanocomposite probes were incubated with prostate cancer LNCaP cells,and the targeting results of nanocomposite probes were observed by fluorescent microscopy.The cytotoxicity effect of the nanocomposite probes was measured by MTT.Nude mice models of prostate cancer were established and identified by immunohistochemistry method.The nanocomposite probes were injected into nude mice via tail vein.The distribution of nanocomposite probes in the nude mice was observed by Micro-animal imaging system,targeted imaging of the prostate cancer was observed by MR instrument.The nude mice with prostate cancer were irradiated with 100 W magnetic field for 30 min,and the changes of tumor sizes were observed.Results:The FMCNPs-ScFv nanocomposite probes were successfully prepared.Nanocomposite probes entered into the cytoplasm of cancer cells and exhibited low cytotoxicity effect.Nude mice model with prostate cancer were successfully fabricated;the nanocomposite probes distributed quickly in the main organs of mice,and gradually concentrated on the tumor tissues within 24 h.MR images showed that the tumor images were gradually enhanced from 6 h to 24 h after injection of the nanocomposite probe.Four days after magnetic irradiation,the tumors in the nude mice grew slower compared with the control nude mice(P

Objective: To observe the improving effect of muscle regions of meridians needling method on the upper limb function in children with cerebral palsy of spastic hemiplegic type. Methods: A total of 100 children with cerebral palsy of spastic hemiplegia type were divided into a treatment group and a control group according to the visiting sequence, with 50 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional rehabilitation plus conventional acupuncture treatment. The treatment group was treated with conventional rehabilitation plus muscle regions of meridians needling method. The electromyography (EMG) signal values of triceps brachii and pronator teres were detected before treatment, and 3 months and 6 months after treatment. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by Peabody developmental motor scale-fine motor (PDMS-FM) and fine motor function measure (FMFM). Results: Three and six months after treatment, the EMG signal values of triceps brachii and pronator teres, grasping scores and visual-motor integrated scores of PDMS-FM and the FMFM scores in both groups increased to varying degrees compared with the same group before treatment, and the intra-group differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). Six months after treatment, the results of the above three items in the treatment group were all better than those in the control group, and the differences between the groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Muscle regions of meridians needling method added on the basis of conventional rehabilitation can effectively reduce the muscle tone of upper limb and enhance the muscle strength, and improve the upper limb function in children with cerebral palsy of spastic hemiplegia type. The efficacy is superior to that of the conventional rehabilitation plus conventional acupuncture treatment.

Objective To investigate the correlations of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with fibrosis and fibroblast activation protein (FAP) score in pancreatic cancer .Methods Eighteen patients with pathologically confirmed pancreatic cancer were per‐formed conventional MR imaging ,DWI examinations .ADCs were measured with region of interest method on a “Single slice” .The wax blocks of 18 patients with pancreatic cancer were received Masson staining and FAP immunohistochemical staining .The correla‐tions of ADC with levels of fibrosis and FAP scores of pancreatic cancer were assessed by Pearson correlation analysis .Results The mild negative correlation between ADC value of cancerous foci and fibrosis was not significant (r= -0 .459 ,P=0 .056) .Significant negative correlation was found between ADC values of moderate and high differentiation cancerous foci and fibrosis (r= -0 .564 ,P=0 .044) .Significant negative correlation was found between ADC value and FAP score (r= -0 .497 , P=0 .036) .Conclusion The negative correlations are found between ADC and fibrosis ,FAP score of pancreatic cancer .DWI will be helpful to infer the pathologi‐cal characteristics .

Objective To research the effect of alkylation of glycerol phosphate synthase (AGPS) in isoproterenol (ISO) induced rat cardiac hypertrophy. Methods The pathological cardiac hypertrophy rat model was constructed by ISO intraperitoneal injection. Twelve healthy Sprague-Dawley rats (120～150 g) were divided into ISO group and control group randomly. In the ISO group, rats were injected with ISO (3 mg/kg) per day for two consecutive weeks. In the control group, rats were injected with normal saline (3 mg/kg) per day for two consecutive weeks. Changes of left ventricular diastolic diameter, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular short-axis shortening rate and left ventricular mass were detected by echocardiography. The cross-sectional area of myocardial cells in rats was measured by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expression of hypertrophic factors [atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), myosin light chain-2V (MLC-2V), α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC)] and AGPS were detected by Western Blot and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results The results of echocardiography showed that the cardiac hypertrophy rat model was successfully constructed. The results of hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the myocardial cross-sectional area in the ISO group was significantly larger than that of the control group. The Western Blot and qPCR results indicated that the relative expression of protein and mRNA of hypertrophic factor and AGPS in the ISO group were both up-regulated comparing with that of the control group, and the differences were statistical significance (all P<0.05). Conclusions The rat model of pathological cardiac hypertrophy with up-regulated AGPS expression was successfully constructed providing a theoretical basis for further study on the role of AGPS in pathogenesis of pathological cardiac hypertrophy.

Objective To observe the influence of either alone or combined mixed-tocopherols combined with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and α-Tocopherol use on oxidized LDL (oxLDL) induced 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHDG) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion by human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs) and to explore the potential mechanism. Method Cultured HUVECs in vitro were incubated with oxLDL, oxLDL + α-tocopherol, oxLDL + mixed-tocopherols, oxLDL + EPA, oxLDL + α-tocopherol + EPA, oxLDL + mixed-tocopherols + EPA for 24 hours, respectively. Secretion of 8-OHDG and IL-6 were detected by cell enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD), protein kinase C-δ (PKC-δ), phosphorylated PKC-δ (p-PKC-δ) were analyzed by Western blot. Results 8-OHDG and IL-6 secretion of HUVECs was significantly increased significantly after incubated with oxLDL for 24 hours which could be significantly attenuated in the presence of tocopherols and EPA ( alone or in combination, all P ＜ 0. 05 ) while the strongest inhibition effects were seen with combined use of mixed-tocopherols and EPA. Moreover, combination of mixed-tocopherols and EPA could also significantly increase SOD activity and decrease PKC activity (all P ＜ 0. 05 ). However, the protein expression of SOD and PKC-was similar among groups. Conclusion Combined mixed-tocopherols + EPA use enhanced the inhibiting effects on the secretion of 8-OHDG and IL-6 in oxLDL stimulated HUVECs which might be linked with increased SOD activity and reduced p-PKC activity.

AIMTo examine the expression of prostate cancer antigen-1 (PCA-1) in prostate cancer (PCa) and to validate it as a potential marker for diagnosis of PCa.

METHODSIn situ hybridization analysis of PCA-1 mRNA expression was performed on 40 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), 16 high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasm (HG-PIN), 74 PCa and 34 other malignant carcinoma specimens. The level of PCA-1 expression was semiquantitatively scored by assessing both the percentage and intensity of PCA-1 positive staining cells in the specimens. We then compared the PCA-1 expression between BPH, HG-PIN and PCa and evaluated the correlation of PCA-1 expression level with clinical parameters of PCa.

RESULTSPCA-1 mRNA was expressed in the majority of both PCa and HG-PIN specimens but not in BPH and other malignant carcinoma. The expression level of PCA-1 increased along with a high Gleason score (P < 0.05), and was unrelated to other clinical parameters of PCa (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe data suggest that PCA-1 might be a novel diagnostic marker for PCa, and that increased PCA-1 expression might denote more aggressive variants of PCa.

Aged ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; metabolism ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Biopsy ; DNA, Complementary ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Prostate ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore significance of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) testing in atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H).

METHODSPresence of HR-HPV DNA was examined in 45 patients with ASC-H using hybrid capture II (HC-II) test. Colposcopic examination and biopsy were taken all results were evaluated.

RESULTSOverall, 33 of 45 (73.3%) ASC-H cases were biopsy proven cervical intraepithelial lesion (CIN). 36 of 45 ASC-H cases were HPV-DNA positive, including 19 cases of HSIL and over lesion; whereas no HSIL or over was found in 9 HR-HPV negative cases. Sensitivity and negativity predictive value of HR-HPV in ASC-H with HSIL and over lesion were both 100%.

CONCLUSIONSASC-H strongly predicts the presence of HSIL, HR-HPV may serve as a predict select whether a patient with ASC-H should take colposcopic examination immediately, patients with positive HR-HPV should undergo immediate colposcopic examination, while negative HR-HPV is an excellent predictor of the absence of HSIL.

Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; virology ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; pathology ; virology ; Colposcopy ; DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Papillomaviridae ; isolation & purification ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Precancerous Conditions ; pathology ; virology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; pathology ; virology ; Uterine Cervicitis ; pathology ; virology ; Vaginal Smears ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo assess the sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of intraoperative frozen section diagnosis of the borderline tumor of ovary (BTO).

METHODSA retrospective analysis and comparison were done respectively between the accuracies of diagnoses made by using frozen and paraffin sections from the same tissue blocks for BTO from March 1995 to May 2008 achieved in the Department of Pathology, Guangdong General Hospital. Univariate and multivariate regression models were used to assess the influence of patient and tumor characteristics on the likelihood of underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis.

RESULTSOf the 73 patients analyzed, 39 cases (53.42%) were histologically serous tumors, 32 (43.84%) were mucinous and 2 (2.74%) were endometrioid tumors. Diagnoses identical in those made by using either frozen or routine paraffin sections were 55/73 (75.34%). The sensitivity and positive predictive value of frozen section diagnosis were 87.30% and 85.94%, respectively. Underdiagnosis of frozen section were 18/73 (24.66%). There was no overdiagnosis cases obtained. Univariate analysis showed that tumor diameter and tumor histology were the predictors of underdiagnosis in frozen section analysis. And in multivariate analysis, only tumor diameter, rather than patient age, tumor histology and stage, bilateral side tumor, serum CA-125 and concurrent presence of endometriosis was a predictor of underdiagnosis.

CONCLUSIONSIntraoperative frozen section diagnosis of BTO has a low sensitivity and PPV. Underdiagnosis is not uncommon. Surgical management based on intraoperative frozen section diagnosis should be used with caution.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; CA-125 Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cystadenoma, Serous ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Frozen Sections ; Humans ; Intraoperative Period ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Paraffin Embedding ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Young Adult

The present study was aimed to investigate the mechanism of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on the viability of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs were cultured by classical whole bone marrow adhering method, and the MSCs were analyzed for the cell surface differentiation markers CD34, CD133, CD90 and CD105 by flow cytometry (FCM). The ability of the MSCs to differentiate into osteocytes and adipocytes was tested in osteogenic and adipogenic mediums, separately. The effect of G-CSF (20 mug/mL) on the passage 3 MSCs viability was evaluated by MTT method, and the molecular mechanism of the G-CSF mediated effects was assayed through the pretreatment of the signal pathway inhibitors including 50 nmol/L wortmannin (phosphatidylinoesitol 3 kinase inhibitor), 50 mumol/L PD98059 [extracellular signal-regulated-kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) inhibitor], 30 mumol/L SB203580 (p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor), 10 mumol/L H89 (protein kinase A inhibitor), 20 mumol/L Y27632 (Rho kinase inhibitor), 1 mumol/L rapamycin [mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor], 10 mmol/L straurosporine [protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor], 6 nmol/L G0697 (PKCalpha inhibitor) and 50 mumol/L Pseudo Z (PKCzeta inhibitor). Cultured passage 3 MSCs expressed CD90 and CD105 strongly, and showed the ability of multi-differentiation into osteocytes and adipocytes. G-CSF promoted the viability of MSCs, and the promotion was completely inhibited by PKC inhibitor straurosporine and partially inhibited by wortmannin, rapamycin, PD98059, SB203580 or G0697. However, its effect was not inhibited by H89, Y27632 and Pseudo Z. It is thus suggested that the promoting effect of G-CSF on MSCs viability was closely related to AKT-mTOR-PKC signal pathway, and PKC maybe the central role in the signal pathway.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; pharmacology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Signal Transduction