Adult ; Haploidy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; Male ; Pulmonary Alveoli

The introduction of pertussis vaccines has greatly decreased the incidence of pertussis,but pertussis is still one of the most common epidemic diseases responsible for infant and child morbidity and mortality,and is perceived as a serious public health problem in many countries.The advent of acellular vaccines has constituted an important advance in the acceptance of the immunization and consequently the control of the disease.Acellular pertussis vaccines result in fewer adverse reactions compared with whole-cell pertussis vaccines,and the efficacy of acellular vaccines is similar to whole-cell pertussis vaccines.This review summarizes the characteristics of virulence factors of Bordetella pertussis.Acellular pertussis vaccines in term of efficacy,safety,and use are discussed emphatically.

Objective To explore the mechanism of macro-reentry atrial tachycardia and to guide catheter ablation using electroanatomic mapping system in 3 patients.Methods Three patients(two females),aged 51?12 years,with atrial tachycardia were included.The mean history of symptom was 19?11 years.Conventional electrophysiological study was performed to determine the location of atrial tachycardia before the three dimensional geometry reconstruction.After voltage and activation maps were constructed,the mechanism of tachycardia was analyzed and the slow conduction areas(critical isthmus) were verified.Radiofrequency energy was delivered using irrigated-tip catheter.Results Though there was no evidence to suggest structural heart diseases,scar areas were found in the mapped atria in all the three cases.The mechanism of atrial tachycardia was found to be counter-clockwise macro-reentry around tricuspid valve,counter-clockwise macro-reentry around superior vena cava,and figure "8" reentry in left atria in the 3 patients respectively.The respective critical isthmus was found to be between the lateral scar and tricuspid valve,the lateral scar and superior vena cava,and two scars on the left atria roof.Ablation in the critical isthmus terminated all tachycardia.There were no atrial tachycardia recurrence during a follow-up of 9-10 months.Conclusion The substrate and electrophysiological mechanism of macro-reentry atrial tachycardia could be identified clearly,and navigation ablation could be performed effectively under the guidence of electroanatomic mapping.

Objiective To provide the applied anatomy for the eyebrow lifting plasty. Methods The clinical surgical anatomy of the eyebrow region were studied bilaterally in 15 embalmed cadaveric heads and 9 fresh adult cadaveric heads. The cross sections of 2 embalmed cadaveric heads were observed. Results ⑴ A lot of fibrous tissue origined from the dermis of eyebrow attached to the SMAS. The eyebrow was moved by those fibrous tissue when the frontalis contracted. ⑵ The eyebrow was moved on the loosen layer under the SMAS. Conclusions ⑴ The loosen layer under the SMAS is the anatomic basis of eyebrow movement. ⑵ The basic methods of eyebrow lifting are the skin excision or suspension and restoration of the eyebrow.

Objective To improve the method of abdominal transplantation of hepatocytes. Methods The rat hepatic cells were embedded in collagen gel and cultured in vitro. The total protein (TP) and BUN levels in the nutrient solution were measured. The mixture of collagen nutrient solution and the hepatocytes was injected into abdominal cavity of rat recipients and then turned to gel there, so the hepatocytes were embedded in the gel. The hepatocytes in the abdominal cavity were rinsed out by the nutrient solution containing collagenase and were cultured in vitro in the nutrient solution without glucose (Glu). The Glu levels in the nutrient solution were measured. The control groups underwent the same process as the experimental groups except collagen. Results The TP, BUN and Glu levels in the experimental groups (hepatocytes embedded in collagen gel) were significantly higher than those in the control groups ( P

Objective To study the tactics, methods and relevant factors of transcatheter embolization for acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage.Methods Fifteen patients with acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage were embolized by one of the methods of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA), gelfoam or metal coils. Four of the fifteen patients were upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, the other cases were lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage which were embolized using coaxial microcatheter. Results Fourteen of the fifteen patients were treated successfully by these methods. There were total 17 times of embolization for 16 parts, the success rate reached 94.1%. The other one reveaded an infarction of intestine after the embolization and was cured by resection. One of the fifteen patients appeared a recurrent hemorrhage 3 months later, and confirmed to be a hemangiolymphangioma. Two patients with malignant tumor were operated upon selectively. The other patient of intestinal hemorrhage was embolized successfully by using a metal coil after shock. Leiomyoma complicated with large area of bleeding was finally proven by operation.Conclusions Transcatheter embolization for acute massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage is safe and efficient under different choice of methods. The key of success is the right selection of embolized target artery and dosage of emboli.

Objective To study the ways,mechanism,indication,curative effect of " Basket" skill applied in the interventional therapy for intracranial aneurysm. Methods Intracranial aneurysm with 1 : 1 ≥ neck/body ≥ 1 : 2 ," 3 D coil" was used to form a basket in it;in that with 1:2 > neck/body,common "2D coil" was applied. And the following coils were applied with hydrocoil or fibered coil combined with common platinum coil to increase the embol-ism density. Results In 156 cases with 158 aneurysms,143 aneurysms were 100% embolized (90. 5% ) ;131 ca-ses discharged with GOS 5 score(84.0% ),and 2 cases died ( 1.3% ). Conclusion " Basket" skill can increase the embolization density in aneurysm,reducing the residual of the neck,getting embolizated fully and improving the prognosis.

Objective:To evaluate the value of ultrasound-guided transperineal systematic prostate biopsy(SPB)and cognitive fusion multi-parameter magnetic resonance imaging(mpMRI) suspicious transperineal targeted biopsy(CFTB) in the prostate cancer with different serum prostate specific antigen(PSA) levels.Methods:A retrospective analyses were performed in 527 patients with suspected prostate cancer who underwent ultrasound-guided SPB from January 2018 to December 2019 in Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated 6th People′s Hospital. According to the PSA levels, they were divided into group A(PSA 4-10 μg/L) and group B(PSA>10 μg/L). All the patients underwent ultrasound-guided SPB, 376 patients with suspicious mpMRI had two additional targeted biopsies. The detection rates of ultrasound-guided SPB and CFTB in prostate cancer were tested by χ 2 test. Compared with pathological results, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of two methods were calculated and tested by χ 2 test, and a P<0.05 was defined as statistically significant difference. Results:Prostate cancer was detected in 319 of 527 patients(60.5%). One hundred and three cases of 198 patients in group A were diagnosed as prostate cancer, with an overall detection rate was 52.0%. Among them, ultrasound-guided SPB detected 72 cases of prostate cancer, the detection rate was 36.4%, sensitivity was 67.9%, specificity was 17.7%, accuracy was 26.5%, the detection rate, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CFTB were 39.9%, 75.6%, 91.6% and 88.8%, respectively. In this group, there were no statistically significant differences in the detection rate and sensitivity of the two methods in the diagnosis of prostate cancer (χ 2=0.525, 0.005, both P>0.05), and the differences in specificity and accuracy were statistically significant (χ 2=108.340, 79.829, respectively, both P<0.05). Two hundred and sixteen cases of 329 patients in group B were diagnosed as prostate cancer, with an overall detection rate was 65.7%. Among them, 160 cases of perineal prostate cancer were detected by ultrasound-guided SPB, with the detection rate was 48.6%, sensitivity was 78.2%, specificity was 37.6% and accuracy was 49.5%. A total of 189 cases of prostate cancer detected by CFTB, the detection rate was 57.4%, the sensitivity was 89.3%, the specificity was 90.6%, and the accuracy was 90.2%. All the differences were statistically significant in group B(χ 2=5.131, 4.391, 61.339, 38.982, all P<0.05). Conclusions:When PSA is greater than 10 μg/L, CFTB has a higher diagnostic efficiency than SPB.When PSA is 4-10 μg/L, there are no significant differences between the two methods in the detection rate and sensitivity of prostate cancer.

Objective To explore the correlation of data obtained through three dimensional reconstruction and measurement of mandibular angle related angles and bigonial breadth.Methods Sixty cases of adult female head spiral CT data were involved in this study.By the three dimensional reconstruction,mandibular angle related angles and bigonial breadth were measured.Through SPSS13.0 software their correlation was analyzed,including among mandibular angle related angles and these with bigonial breadth.Results The related data of the mandibular angle were measured on the image of three dimensional reconstruction; the mandibular angle was (124.28-±-4.12)°,the mandibular elevated angle was (25.52±2.22)°,the valgus angle of mandibular angle was (9.35±7.85)°,the mandiblular included angle was (77.32 ± 2.34)°,and the tangent angle of mandible was (105.53 ± 1.79)°.The correlation analysis of the related angles of mandibular angle and bigonial breadth showed that there was a significant correlation between the angles.Conclusions Three dimensional reconstruction and measurement of mandibular angle related angles and their correlation analysis can provide theoretical foundation and basis for the preoperative design and effect evaluation of mandibular angle plastic surgery.

Objective To investigate the sensitivity of BIOMED-2 primer system in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (AIJ,) patients Ig gene rearrangement, and to analyze their frequency, corearrangement pattern, utilization of V, D and J genes and composition of junctional regions. Methods Amplification of rearranged IgH (complete and incomplete), IgK, IgK-Kde and IgL was performed in standard PCR in 29 adult ALL patients. Monoclonal PCR products were subjected directly to DNA sequencing. Sequences were identified by comparison with all known human Ig germline sequences to analyze the recombination patterns, somatic mutations and germline gene segments usage. Results IgH, incomplete IgH, IgK, igK-Kde and Igl, rearrangements were found with positive rate of 70.8%, 12.5% , 29.2% , 25.0% and 0 of B-ALL patients, respectively. All B-ALL patients displayed at least one pattern of Ig gene rearrangements. In TALL, one of five patients was found with incomplete IgH rearrangement, two patients were found with IgK rearrangements and two patients were PCR-negative. The sequence analysis showed that the most frequently used V, D, J segments in adult B-ALL patients were from VH3/VH4 families, DH3 family and JH6 family, respectively. Four of five IgK rearrangement used VκI family. 23.5% B-ALL IgH contained scattered replacement mutations with replacement to silent substitution ratio < 1 in complementarity determining regions. Conclusion BIOMED-2 multiplex PCR analysis strategy is a reliable and useful technique in the adult BALL patients.