The application of the multimedia combined with the PBL teaching model to the teaching of Gynaecology and Obstetrics is an open teaching model.It emphasizes that the class-teaching will be problem-based,and it can improve the students' initiative greatly and their enthusiasm as well.In this way,it can urge their desire to participate in the class-room activities and acquire knowledge.The method combined multimedia with PBL can also improve the teachers' teaching skills and their over-all clinical working abilities.

Objective: To detect the methylation status of DLEC1 promoter in the tissue and serum of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and to evaluate its clinical relevance. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from the tissues (cancer tissue and. corresponding adjacent normal tissue) and sera of 71 CRC patients; serum genomic DNA was also obtained from 20 patients with benign gastrointestinal diseases and 20 healthy donors. Promoter methylation status of DLEC1 gene was detected by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). Results: The incidence of aberrant methylation of DLEC1 promoter was 45.1% (32/71) in CRC tissues, which was significantly higher than that in the adjacent normal tissues (7.1%, 4/56) (P< 0.001). The hypermethylation status of DLEC1 was not correlated with the clinicopathological features and CEA/CA19-9 levels of CRC patients. Moreover, DLEC1 promoter methylation was also found in 28 of 71 (39. 4%) CRC serum samples and only 1 (2.5%) of the other 40 cancer-free serum samples (P<0.001); the methylation was in accordance with that in the tumor tissues. Conclusion: Hypermethylation of DLEC1 promoter is frequently seen in CRC patients, suggesting it might be a promising biomarker for the early diagnosis of CRC.

ObjectiveTo investigate the rule and characteristics of herbs used by Professor YAN Zheng-hua to treat digestive common diseases.Methods253 prescriptions of treating digestive diseases were searched.Medications for stomach ache,epigastric fullness,abdominal pain,diarrhea,constipation were analyzed by data mining and statistic method.ResultsThe common medications for stomach ache include Dried tangerine peel,Cyperus rotundus,White peony root and the most commonly used two-drug compatibility is “Dried tangerine peel and white peony root” (65.85％) ; common medications for epigastric fullness include Dried tangerine peel,Amomum villosum,Cyperus rotundus and the most commonly used two-drug compatibility is “Dried tangerine peel and Amomum villosum” (64.02％) ; common medications for abdominalpain include Tuckahoe,Dried tangerine peel,Red peony root and the most commonly used two-drug compatibility is “Tuckahoe and Dried tangerine peel” (50％) ; common medications for diarrhea include Tuckahoe,fried Malt,fried Grain buds and the most commonly used two-drug compatibility is “Tuckahoe and Atractylodes macrocephala” (67.5％) ; common medications for constipation include Radix Polygoni multiflori,Chinses Angelica,Semen Cassiae and the most commonly used two-drug compatibility is “Atractylodes macrocephala and Chinses Angelica” (56.52％) and “Hemp seed and Chinses Angelica” (56.52％).Conclusion Professor YYAN Zheng-hua believed that soothing the liver and regulating Qi,and regulating spleen and stomach is the basic therapeutic principle for digestive diseases.

Objective To establish a cisplatin (DDP)-resistant HepG-2 cell line,and to explore the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway on multidrug resistance in human hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods The HepG-2 cells were exposed in a gradually increasing dose of DDP to establish a cisplatin ( DDP)-resistant HepG-2 cell line.MTT assay was used to detect the cytotoxic activity of DDP against HepG-2 and HepG-2/DDP cells.The mRNA expression of β-catenin was determined by Real-time PCR assay.The small interfering RNA was used to specifically knockdown β-catenin expression in HepG-2/DDP cells.The protein expression was detected by western blot analysis.Results The DDP-resistant cell line HepG-2/DDP was established by gradient DDP induction successfully.The IC50 values of DDP against HepG-2 and HepG-2/DDP cells were (2.29 ± 0.14) μmol/L and ( 20.51 ± 0.84 ) μmol/L,respectively ( t=95.68,P＜0.01 ),HepG-2/DDP cells was 8.96 times than HepG-2 cells on the resistance of cisplatin.The result of real time PCR showed that 2-△Ct value of β-catenin in HepG-2 cells and HepG-2/DDP cells were (0.323±0.065) and (0.674 ±0.097) (P＜0.01 ).And the protein expression of cisplatin in HepG-2/DDP cells was also significantly higher than that in the HepG-2 cells.The expresssion of β-catenin was significantly and specifically depleted by siRNA duplexes(P＜0.01 ).The IC50 values of cisplatin against HepG-2/DDP cells were (21.02 ± 1.64) μmol/L in cisplatin control group,(6.23 ± 0.68 ) μmol/L in SiRNA targeting interference group and ( 20.44 ± 1.26 ) μmol/L in SiRNA negative interference group,and there was significant difference between control group and SiRNA targeting interference group ( P＜0.01 ).Conclusion The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was activated on the cisplatin(DDP)-resistant HepG-2 cell line and down regulation of β-catenin increased the chemosensitivity of HepG-2/DDP cells against cisplatin.It provided a theoretical basis for finding the new targets of multidrug resistance in liver cancer.

Objective The modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (MBTS) is considered a low-risk management option for palliation in patients with severely cyanotic heart anomalies in advanced heart centers in western countries.But the morbidity and mortality associated with MBTS remains challenge in developing countries.Methods 106 patients with severely cyanotic complex heart anomalies underwent 110 modified Blalock-Taussig shunts(B-T shunts) between October 2000 and August 2012.The mean age was (3.8 ± 1.1) months (1 day-37.2 months).The mean weight of the babies was (5.0 ± 2.1) kg (2.3 kg-12.0 k g).The cardiac anatomy was as follows:pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum in 25,pulmonary atresia with ventricular septum defects in 45,tricuspid atresia in 11,tetralogy of Fallot in 7,complex single ventricle physiology in 18.All patients were deeply cyanotic,and preoperative prostaglandin E1 was needed in 78 patients to ensure ductus patent and maintain oxygen saturations prior to the shunt operation.The shunts were accomplished with 3.0 mm polytetrafluoroethylene grafts in 8 patients,3.5 mm in 11,4 mm in 65,5mm in 26.Results The duration of mechanical ventilation was 4 hours-7 days,cardiac intensive care unit stay was 1-12 days,hospital stay after operation was 1-18 days.There were 3 deaths (2.6％),immediate post-operative shunt block in 1,severe hypoxidosis in 1 and heart failure in 1.Oxygen saturation increased from 68.5％ preoperatively to 79.2％ postoperatively.Four patients had shunt block,additional shunt was created respectively.There was 2 late death.Follow-up of 94 patients revealed satisfactory systemic oxygen saturation of 0.81 ± 0.10 (0.63-0.92).86 cases received further operations,including 7 in TOF radical operation,31 in Rastelli,25 in Glenn,18 in Fontan.Conclusion With an encouraging early shunt patent rate and oxygen saturation increasing,we can now adopt MBTS as an alternative in patients with severely cyanotic heart anomalies.Modified B-T shunt is a good palliation for patients with cyanoti cheart anomalies,which can increase pulmonary blood flow.Excellent surgical skills and perioperative treatment contribute to good operation results,and to low morbidity and low mortality.

Objective To study human prostate cancer tissue specific hytk gene therapy vector using prostate specific antigen (PSA) promoter,and to determine its feasibility. Methods A prostate tissue specific hygromycin phosphotransferase thymidine kinase fusion gene(hytk)vector was established with the substitution of CMV promotor in tgCMV/hytk vector with PSA promotor.The vector was transferred into prostate carcinoma cell lines with FuGENE TM 6.Antitumor effects were observed after GCV treatment. Results PSA promoter that actively drives hytk gene was expressed only in the PSA producing prostate cell line(LNCaP).In vitro experiments demonstrated the LNCaP cells transferred by HyTK gene were killed in the presence of GCV treatment. Conclusions Hytk based vector harboring PSA promoter is a novel ideal candidate vector for prostate carcinoma gene therapy.

BACKGROUND:At present, isokinetic testing system has attracted more and more attentions in the evaluation of athlete muscle function, but its application in the detection of waist and abdomen muscle strength characteristics in juvenile male basketbal athletes is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:To study the biomechanical characteristics of waist flexor and extensor muscles inoutstanding juvenile male basketbal athletes in order to provide the basis for waist and abdominal strength training, scientific selection and prevention of lumbar abdomen injury in basketbal sport. METHODS:Eighteen athletes from the Guangzhou Men’s Basketbal Team were subjected to the detection of muscle strength and work of waist flexor and extensor muscles at 60(°)/s and 180(°)/s using Cybex-Norm isokinetic test system. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At the same testing speed, the peak torque and relative peak torque of the extensor muscles were higher than those of the flexor muscles (P<0.01). The increase in the peak torque, relative peak torque and total work of the waist extensor and flexor muscles exhibited a reduced tendency with the increasing of testing speed (P<0.05);the peak torque and relative peak torque of the extensor muscles were decreased more significantly (P<0.01);the relative power of the waist extensor and flexor muscles were increased gradual y with the increasing of testing speed (P<0.01). These parameters were better in perimeter players than in post players. Under the isokinetic concentric contraction, the peak torque ratio of extensor to flexor muscles showed a decreasing trend with the increasing of testing speed and the waist flexor peak torque and extensor muscles flexion showed a decreasing trend, and the trunk stability was weakened. These findings indicate that the muscle strength of the extensor muscles was higher than that of the flexor muscles;the muscles strength of the waist flexor and extensor muscles was better in perimeter players than in post players. In isokinetic rapid movement, the muscle strength of the waist flexor and extensor muscles were reduced and the balance of the muscle strength of the waist flexor and extensor muscles was weakened, suggesting rapid strength training of the waist and abdominal core muscles should be strengthened in juvenile male basketbal athletes.

Objective To investigate the risk factors related with the recurrence of multifocal papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC).Methods The data of 126 patients undergoing surgery from Jan.2001 to Jun.2011 proved to be multifocal PTMC by pathology were rctrospcctively analyzed.Logistic multifactor regression analysis was used to analyze the clinicopathological factors that may influence the recurrence of PTMC.Results The median age of the 126 patients was 46 years(ranging from 15 to 78 years old).The recurrence rate was 14.3％ (18/126) and the overall survival rate was 98.4％ with the medium follow-up of 75 months (ranging from 24 to 150 months).Multivariate analysis showed that extra-thyoidal extension,neck lymph node metastasis and non-total(or near total)thyroidectomy were the independent risk factors for the recurrence of multifocal PTMC (P =0.008,0.027,0.022 respectively).Conclusions Extension beyond the thyroid and metastatic neck lymph node predict a high risk of recurrence.Total or near total thyroidectomy can reduce the risk of recurrence.

Objective To investigate the changes in the expression of inflammatory cytokines in serum and aorta of rats with chronic renal failure.Methods Animal model of chronic renal failure was established by single nephrectomy and partial ligation of the contralateral renal artery.The rats were randomly divided into three groups(10 each):normal control group(Con),chronic renal failure group(CRF),rats with chronic renal failure and treated with proteasome inhibitor MG-132 group(CRF+M).The protein expression of TNF? was detected by immunohistochemistry and image analysis,the levels of TNF? and IL-1? of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) in blood plasma and culture supernatant were detected by ELISA.Results The protein expression of TNF? 4 and 6 months after operation significantly increased in aorta of CRF group compared with that in CON group(10.7?1.3 vs 4.3?1.7,12.6?2.2 vs 4.3?1.1,P

Objective To know the quality of drinking water produced by deep treatment systems in Guangdong Province.Methods The unified investigation form was used,the water supply systems were selected from 4 cities,Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Zhuhai,Dongguan.pH value,conductivity,ozone,COD,TOC,heavy metals,bacteria were determined in 2004.Results Having investigated 169 systems,reverse osmosis,nanofiltration and ultrafiltration equipment used to treat water accounted for 74.40%,19.05% and 6.55 % respectively.The use of ozone disinfection was 70.7%.45.8% of the systems,the water cycled twice per day,and 29%,no water quality test was conducted according to the regulation.The quality of water with deep treatment was satisfactory compared with the common tap water.Conclusion The quality of water produced by deep treatment systems is considered better than the common tap water and the applicable water treatment units should be selected,the routine water quality test and management should be conducted.