The challenges to the teaching of undergraduate pathology include adapting to the ever-evolving medical curriculum and the emergence of new teaching technologies. Nevertheless, pathology remains the crucial bridging medical discipline, with the pathology teacher playing an important role in consolidating the basic medical sciences and leading in the clinical disciplines. In this report, variations of case-based teaching of undergraduate pathology are discussed. These can be used in pathology lectures, tutorials and practical sessions, both traditional and computer-based. They contribute to the pathology teacher's repertoire of teaching tools and help add relevance and zest during class.
Pathology processes ; Teaching aspects ; TEACHERS ; Methodology ; seconds

Objective To provide an optimal working process for crossmatching by full-automatic blood typing instrument.Methods Two workflows were applied to crossmatch test by full-automatic blood typing instrument.One was diluting red blood cells of donor samples to concentrate of 1%,the other was detecting directly the donor′s packed red blood cells.Compared consistency and processing time of the two different workflows.Results Cross match results of two workflows were consistent well(U=0,P>0.05).The average processing times before testing and undergoing testing were not significantly different(t=0.692,t=0.562,P>0.05),whereas the average processing times after testing and throughout testing were significantly different(t=146.485,t=67.053,P<0.05).Conclusion The workflow of diluting donor′s sample before testing saved processing time and better suits hospital having a large quantity of specimens.

Xanthogranulomas are the most common form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Both adult and childhood forms have been described. Adult cutaneous forms can present as solitary or multiple yellowish, orange-red or tan-hued papules. Herein, we present the case of a 28-year-old Chinese man with a skin-coloured nodule on his left nasal ala that persisted for several months. While initial impression was that of a fibrous papule of the nose, the results of an excision biopsy showed histological features corresponding to xanthogranuloma. This case demonstrates the condition’s myriad of dermatological presentations, and adds to the differential diagnoses of a cutaneous lesion found in the head and neck region.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Granuloma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Histiocytosis ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Skin ; pathology ; Skin Diseases ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

To analyze the CT features of solid pseudopapillary tumor of pancreas (SPTP), and correlation with the pathological findings of the disease so as to improve the diagnostic abilities, the CT images and the clinical manifestations, we retrospectively analyzed the pathological materials of 23 cases with surgery and pathology proved SPTP. In the 23 patients, 21 cases were female (91.3%) and 2 were male (8.7%). The most common symptom was abdominal discomfort with dull pain in 12 patients (52.2%). Others included the pancreatic mass that was detected incidentally during physical examination in 9 patients (39.1%), nausea/vomiting in 2 patients (8.7%). And 1 case of female patients had 2 lesions. In the 24 tumors, 6 cases were located at the head (25.0%), 3 were at neck (12.5%), 8 cases were at body (33.3%), and 7 cases were at tail of pancreas respectively (29.2%). The long-axis diameter ranged from 2.1 cm to 20.1 cm (mean 6.4 cm). 9 tumors were mostly solid component (37.5%), 10 tumors were contained similar proportion of solid and cystic part (41.7%), and mainly cystic components in 5 tumors (20.8%). In 9 of the 23 patients, calcification was found in the tumor (39.1%). In 2 of the 23 patients, bleeding was seen in the mass (8.7%). The dilation of intrahepatic bile duct was found in 1 patient (8.7%). Liver metastasis was showed in one patient (8.7%). On post-contrast CT scan, solid parts demonstrated mild enhancement at the arterial phase. At the portal phase, solid parts were enhanced continuously in all cases, and the enhancement degrees were lower than normal pancreatic tissue. The cystic parts of all lesions showed no enhancement. Pseudo papillary structure, hemorrhage, necrosis, or cystic degeneration were found in all patients by histological study. In a word, SPTP has comparatively characteristic CT imaging features consistent with histological features, when combined with clinical manifestations, could be correctly diagnosed and differentially diagnosed.
Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Calcinosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; Male ; Pancreas ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective The modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (MBTS) is considered a low-risk management option for palliation in patients with severely cyanotic heart anomalies in advanced heart centers in western countries.But the morbidity and mortality associated with MBTS remains challenge in developing countries.Methods 106 patients with severely cyanotic complex heart anomalies underwent 110 modified Blalock-Taussig shunts(B-T shunts) between October 2000 and August 2012.The mean age was (3.8 ± 1.1) months (1 day-37.2 months).The mean weight of the babies was (5.0 ± 2.1) kg (2.3 kg-12.0 k g).The cardiac anatomy was as follows:pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum in 25,pulmonary atresia with ventricular septum defects in 45,tricuspid atresia in 11,tetralogy of Fallot in 7,complex single ventricle physiology in 18.All patients were deeply cyanotic,and preoperative prostaglandin E1 was needed in 78 patients to ensure ductus patent and maintain oxygen saturations prior to the shunt operation.The shunts were accomplished with 3.0 mm polytetrafluoroethylene grafts in 8 patients,3.5 mm in 11,4 mm in 65,5mm in 26.Results The duration of mechanical ventilation was 4 hours-7 days,cardiac intensive care unit stay was 1-12 days,hospital stay after operation was 1-18 days.There were 3 deaths (2.6％),immediate post-operative shunt block in 1,severe hypoxidosis in 1 and heart failure in 1.Oxygen saturation increased from 68.5％ preoperatively to 79.2％ postoperatively.Four patients had shunt block,additional shunt was created respectively.There was 2 late death.Follow-up of 94 patients revealed satisfactory systemic oxygen saturation of 0.81 ± 0.10 (0.63-0.92).86 cases received further operations,including 7 in TOF radical operation,31 in Rastelli,25 in Glenn,18 in Fontan.Conclusion With an encouraging early shunt patent rate and oxygen saturation increasing,we can now adopt MBTS as an alternative in patients with severely cyanotic heart anomalies.Modified B-T shunt is a good palliation for patients with cyanoti cheart anomalies,which can increase pulmonary blood flow.Excellent surgical skills and perioperative treatment contribute to good operation results,and to low morbidity and low mortality.

Objective To study the relationship between magnesium level in umbilical vein and mother′s peripheral blood with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and fetal weight. Methods 39 pregnant women with IUGR were randomly divided into 3 groups: Group 1 (n= 14): The patients were treated with 10% glucose 500 ml + danshen compound 14 ml + low molecular weight dextran 500 ml iv; Group 2 (n= 14): in addition to the same treatment as in group 1, 25% magnesium sulfate 20 ml in 5% glucose 500 ml iv was given; Group 3 (n= 11): no treatment was given; and another 12 normal term delivery women were served as control. Magnesium concentration levels were determined in both maternal peripheral blood and their fetal umbilical vein. Results Maternal serum magnesium level was higher in Group 2 (1 06?0 09) mmol/L than that in Group 1 (0 69?0 05) mmol/L (P

Objective To construct recombinant plasmid pEGFP C1 antisense survivin and than transfect it to MKN 45 gastric cancer cells for studying the expression of survivin mRNA and its effects on apoptosis of cancer cells. Methods Recombinant pEGFP C1 antisense survivin plasmid was cloned and transfected to MKN 45 gastric cancer cells by lipofectamine. Apoptosis of gastric cancer cells was assayed by flow cytometry. The levels of survivin mRNA before and after transfection were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. Results After recombinant pEGFP C1 antisense survivin plasmid was transfected, the apoptosis of MKN 45 cells was increase, the cell number in G 2/M phase was decreased, and the level of survivin mRNA was inhibited. Conclusions pEGFP C1 antisense suvivin can promote the apoptosis of MKN 45 gastric cancer cells, that might attribute to the inhibition on cell proliferation and expression of survivin mRNA.

Objective To observe effects of survivin antisense oligonucleotide on proliferation of human malignant melanoma cell in vitro in different transfection condition.Methods By using trypan blue exclusion method,this study screened optimized transfection condition that inhibited A375 cell viability.Results ① By the phosphorothiote-modification and the liposome-encapsulation,there were significant differences in ASODN with ASODNL.ASODNL were stronger in inhibiting A375 cell proliferation(P

The pharmacological effects and clinical applications of fish oil preparations were reviewed. Fish oil is a natural material. Its excellent clinical tolerance and multiple pharmacological activities make it a pharmaceutical of broad prospects. Fish oil preparations have been used in the therapy and prevention of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in diabetics. They have also been proved effective in improving symptoms of burns and abscesses. Additionally,fish oil preparations can replace non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the therapy of immune system disorders and have effects of slowering aging and improving the memory faculty of the aged. Applications of fish oil in organ transplantation have also been reported.

Objective To study the possibility of endoscopic thyroidectomy. Methods Benign thyroid tumors, with diameter between 22 mm and 38 mm, were successfully removed in 8 patients by endoscopic thyroidectomy through anterior chest wall. Results The mean operation time was 120 min (range, 60 min～180 min), and the mean intraoperative blood loss was 20 ml (range, 10 ml～50 ml). No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. And no scars remained. Conclusions Endoscopic thyroidectomy through anterior chest wall is a safe and effective procedure for benign thyroid tumors, with excellent cosmetic results in the neck postoperatively.