Digestive System Neoplasms ; classification ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymphoma ; classification ; pathology ; surgery ; Neoplasm Staging ; Pathology ; trends ; Pathology, Surgical ; trends ; Urogenital Neoplasms ; classification ; pathology ; surgery ; World Health Organization

Animals ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; blood ; etiology ; Humans ; Hyperinsulinism ; blood ; complications ; Insulin ; blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins ; blood ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Metabolic Syndrome ; blood ; complications ; Receptor, IGF Type 1 ; blood ; Receptor, Insulin ; blood

Objective To retrospectively analyze the correlation between uterine fibroid and ovarian blood supply, and to discuss the visualization of ovarian artery and uterine ovarian branch in uterine arterial embolization. Methods A total of 363 patients with clinically-confirmed uterine fibroid were enrolled in this study. Uterine arterial embolization was carried out in all patients. The visualization of ovarian artery and uterine ovarian branch during angiography was recorded. After the procedure the changes of uterine fibroid and ovarian functions were followed up. The results were statistically analyzed. Results The blood supply of uterine fibroid could be divided into three types: unilateral artery as the main source of blood supply (34.16%), bilateral balanced blood supply (43.80%) and unilateral uterine artery (22.04%). The visualization rate of uterine ovarian branch in bilateral balanced blood supply type was significantly higher than that of other two types (P<0.05). The visualization rate of ovarian artery at the side which was lack of blood vessels was higher than that at the opposite side (P< 0.05). Transient ovary functional impairment was observed in patients with visualization of uterine ovarian branch, which restored to normal in three months. No significant difference in the reduction of the tumor mass existed between each other among the different blood supply types. Conclusion The blood supply types of uterine fibroids have a parallel relationship with the ovarian blood supply from ovarian artery and/or uterine ovarian branch. Special attention should be paid to the uterine arterial embolization of the side that is lack of blood vessels, and it is needed to carefully observe the embolization extent, the flow velocity, etc. during the performance of embolization so as to avoid ovarian function impairment.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type I ; genetics ; metabolism ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Genes, APC ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Microsatellite Instability ; Mutation ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf ; genetics ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo evaluate the learning curve of utilizing the full endoscopic technique for the surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation.MethodsFrom August 2008 to February 2009,30 patients with lumbar disc herniation underwent lumbar discectomy by the full endoscopic-only approach were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into three groups of 10 sequential cases each.Group of early time consisted of the first 10 cases,Group of medium term the subsequent 10 cases,and Group of later time the last 10 cases.The clinical evaluation data included operative time,length of hospital stay,leg and back pain visual analogue scale (VAS),and complications.ResultsAll patients were observed prospectively for (1.61±0.22) years.There was no measurable intraoperative bleeding,no postoperative infections and symptomatic recurrences in the three groups.Compared to group of early time,the operative time in group of medium term was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The patients in group of later time had much less operative time than that in group medium term(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference with length of hospital stay between the three groups (P＞0.05).The improvement of leg and back VAS in each group was similar:there was a significant improvement 3 months post-operation compared with pre-operation (P ＜0.05),but no statistical difference between 3 months post-operation and final foliow-up(P＞0.05).The complication rate was 12.5％ for group of early time,10％ for group of medium term,and 0 for group of later time.There were two cases conversed to an open procedure for group of early time compared with 0 cases in both other groups.ConclusionExcellent clinical and minimally invasive outcomes can be obtained in the surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation via the interlaminar approach assisted by full endoscopic technique.However,attention must be paid to the steep learning curve with use of this complex technique.Obtaining microsurgical experience and suitable patient selection can help shorten the learning curve and decrease the complications.

BACKGROUND: Some researches demonstrate that tea polyphenols (TP) has protective effects on neurotoxicity of hippocampal nerve cells induced byβ-amyloid peptide (Aβ), 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and oxidative substances. In addition, clinical preliminary examination indicates that TP plays a certain preventive and therapeutic effects on the reduction of recognition function in high-risk population with Alzheimer disease (AD); however, its target and mechanism are still hot topics.OBJECTIVE: To observe the interfering effects of TP on cerebral nerve cell apoptosis induced by D-galactose and Aβ25～35 in mice.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study.SETTING: Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacological College of Jinan University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Experimental Center of Jinan University from September 2004 to January 2005. A total of 90 healthy Kumning mice, aged 2 months, each gender in half, weighing 26-28 g, were provided by Guangdong Provincial Medical Laboratory Animal Center. Tea polyphenols was provided by Zhejiang Oriental Tea Science and Technology Corporation (batch number: 20040203); D-galactose by Shanghai Number 2 Reagent Plant (batch number: 20030708); Aβ25～35 by Sigma (batch number: 13/01/2004); vitamin E (Vit-E) by Shanghai Xinyi Pharmaceutical Factory (batch number: 20030708).METHODS: Experimental interference: Mice based on body mass were randomly divided into 6 groups: sham operation group (n =17), model group (n =16), vitamin E group (n =16), low-dose (n =13), moderate-dose (n =14) and high-dose (n =14) tea polyphenols groups. In above-mentioned animals, except those in the sham operation group, all were given 120 mg/(kg·d) D-galactose for 12 consecutive weeks, and Aβ25～35 (4 nmol) was slowly injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle. In sham operation group, the same volume of artificial cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) was internally injected into lateral ventricle. Drug treatment began at the first week. Mice in the sham operation group and model group were given distilled water, and the animals in other groups were given the above-mentioned drugs (100 mg/kg Vit-E, 100, 250 and 625 mg/kg TP), respectively. The volume of perfusion was 10 ml/kg, and the treatment lasted for 12 consecutive weeks. Experimental evaluation: After administration, LW-Ⅱ water maze was used to measure learning and memory condition; brain, liver tissues and serum were obtained to measure activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and content of malondialdehyde (MDA); Fura-2/AM loading method was used to measure Ca2+ concentration in erythrocytes and neurons; flow cytometer was used to detect cerebral nerve cell apoptosis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cl) Learning and memory ability; (2) SOD activity and MDA content in serum, liver and brain tissues; (3) Ca2+ concentration in erythrocytes and neurons;flow cytometer was used to cerebral nerve cell apoptosis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：①Learning and memory ability;②SOD activity and MDA content in serum,liver and brain tissues；③Ca2+ concentration in erythrocytes and neurons；④cerebral nerve cell apoptosis．RESULTS：All 90 mice were involved in the final analysis．①At 12 weeks after administration,time to swim out of the water maze in the moderete-dose and high-dose TP groups and Vit-E group was shorter than that in the model group,and numbers of errors in passing the blind alleys in the water maze was reduced as compared with those in the model group,and there was significant difference(P＜0．05-0．01)．②SOD activities in the moderate-dose and high-dose TP groups were increased as compared with that in the model group,but MDA content in the high-dose TP group was decreased as compared with that in the model group．There was significant difference(P＜0．05-0．01)．③Ca2+ concentration in erythrocytes and neurons in the modemte-dose and high-dose TP groups and Vit-E group was lower than that in the model group,and there was significant difference(P＜0．05-0．01)．④The rates of brain neurons apoptosis in treatment groups with different doses of TP were 12．6％，18．6％,and 24．1％ respectively, exhibiting significant difference as compared with the mice in sham operation group(P＜0．05-0．01) CONCLUSION：TP can inhibit cerebral nerve cell apoptosis induced by D-galactose and Aβ25～35 and improve learning and memory ability in model mice．The effects may be related to its action of raising general anti-oxidative ability and improvement of intrecellular Ca overload induced by oxidative stress injury．

Objective To investigate the protection effects of teprenone in aspirin-induced gastric mucosa injury.Methods From 2008 to 2010,a total of 296 patients who took aspirin for the first time at the Department of Cardiovascular,First Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University were randomly divided into two groups.There were 166 cases in aspirin group,which took aspirin 100mg daily; 130 cases in aspirin and teprenone group,the aspirin dose equivalent with aspirin group and took teprenone 50mg/time,3 times/day orally.Gastrointestinal symptoms and gastric mucosa injury of patients in these two group were inspected at 3 month,6 month and 1 year.Results A total of 143 cases were recruited in aspirin group and 118 cases in aspirin and teprenone group.After taking medicine for 3 months,the occurrence rate of gastrointestinal symptoms in aspirin group was 1.40 ％.Compared with aspirin and teprenone group,the difference was statistical significant (0,x2 =1.663,P＝ 0.197).Follow up after taking medicine for 6 months,the occurrence rate of gastrointestinal symptoms in aspirin group was 4.96％.Compared with aspirin and teprenone group,the difference was statistical significant (0,x2 ＝6.021,P＝0.014).Follow up after taking medicine for 1 year,the occurrence rate of gastrointestinal symptoms in aspirin group was 20.15 ％.Compared with aspirin and teprenone group,the difference was statistical significant (1.69％,x2 =20.984,P=0.001).Compared with aspirin group,the symptom and endoscopy score of aspirin and teprenone group decreased significantly at follow-up for 6 months and 1 year (P＜0.05; P＜0.01 ).Compared with at 6 month,the symptom and endoscopy score of aspirin group at 1 year increased significantly (P＜0.05 ; P＜0.01).Conclusion Teprenone has certain protection effects in aspirin-induced gastric mucosa injury.Long-term use of conventional doses of aspirin may cause vary degrees of gastric mucosal injury,and the gastric mucosal injury get more severe as the time of taking medicine increases.

OBJECTIVETo construct a recombinant short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression vector targeting EZH2 gene, and to determine its effect on the proliferation of colon adenocarcinoma SW480 cells.

METHODSThe DNA sequence with short hairpin structure was designed according to the EZH2 cDNA sequence and cloned into PGFP-V-RS vector to construct a recombinant expression vector silencing EZH2 gene. After identification, the shRNA-expressing vector was then transfected into SW480 cells. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the inhibitory effect at both mRNA and protein levels. MTT was used to detect cell viability due to the alteration of EZH2 gene activity.

RESULTSAt 48 h after transfection, the expression of EZH2 mRNA in the gene silencing group and negative control group were 0.339 ± 0.013 and 1.968 ± 0.072, respectively. The expression of EZH2 protein in the gene silencing group and negative control group were 0.229 ± 0.008 and 1.168 ± 0.053, respectively. The expression of EZH2 in the gene silencing group was significantly lower than that in the negative control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). At 48 and 72 h after transfection, the inhibition rate of cell growth in the gene silencing group was 30.7% and 25.9%, respectively, indicating that the cell growth was significantly inhibited in comparison with that in the blank control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSA recombinant shRNA expression vector targeting EZH2 gene has been successfully constructed in this study, with a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of SW480 cells. This lays an experimental foundation for further exploring the mechanism underlying the action of EZH2 gene on tumor biology.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein ; Gene Silencing ; Gene Targeting ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Plasmids ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection

Objecfive To investigate the association between the exon 2,3,4 of MHC class Ⅰ chain-related gene-B(MICB)and ulcerative colitis(UC)in Chinese Han.Methods Using polymerase chain reaction single-stranded conformation polymorphism,allele frequency of MICB exon 2,3 and 4 in 105 patients with UC and 213 age and sex matched healthy controls were genotyped.All of the studied individuals were Chinese Han.Results Allele frequency of MICB 0106 was increased in patients with UC as compared with normal controls(19.0%vs 8.9%,P=0.000,Pc＜0.001,OR=2.402,95%CI:1.488-3.879).The frequency of MICB 0106 was increased significantly in patients with extensive colitis (24.4%vs 8.9%,P=0.000,Pc＜0.001,OR=3.294,95%CI:1.800-6.027),moderate and severe disease(24.1%vs 8.9%,P=0.000.Pc＜0.001,OR=3.294 95%CI:1.893-5.576)and in those with extra intestinal manifestations(20.5%vs 8.9%,P=0.002,Pc=0.012,OR=2.626,95%CI:1.418-4.861).Furthermore,MICB 0106 allele was higher in frequency in the male patients with UC (22.1%vs 8.0%,P=0.001,Pc=0.006,OR=3.276,95%CI:1.737-6.178)and the patients more than 40 years old(28.8%vs 8.3%,P=0.000,Pc＜0.001,OR=4.500,95%CI:2.381-8.504)as compared with healthy controls.Conclusion MICB 0106 allele is positively associated with UC,especially with extensive colitis,moderate and severe disease,presence of extra intestinal manifestations,male gender and age of more than 40 years in Chinese Han in Hubei province.

Objective To analyze the neurological complications in treatment of severe thoracolumbar spinal deformity with one stage posterior vertebral column resection (pVCR) and discuss the related risk factors. Methods There were 67 patients with severe thoracolumbar spinal deformity who underwent one-stage pVCR from February 2000 to September 2010.There were 29 males and 38 females at an average age of 31.4 years old(range,14-62 years).There were 21 patients at age less than 18 years old and 46 at age more than 18 years old.Patients were divided into four pathological types:severe scoliosis group(n=11,mean Cobb angle 90.4°),kyphoscoliosis group(n=25,mean scoliosis 94.5°,and mean kyphosis 65.5°),angular kyphosis group(n=28,mean kyphosis 74.3°)and global kyphosis group(n=3,mean kyphosis 91.1°).of all the patients,59 patients underwent primary surgery and eight underwent revision surgery.Surgical methods included posterior apex vertebral column resection,segemental pedicle screw fixation and correction as well as 360° bone fusion.Neurological complication was statistically analyzed. Results The average follow-up was 14 months (range,3-69 months),which showed severe neurologic complication in eight patients(11.9%)after surgery.Severe neurologic complication occurred in three patients (4.5%),among whom one patient presented delayed complete paraplegia 23 hours after surgery.Five patients had mild neurologic deficits(7.5%),the incidence of which was higher than 23.1%for thoracic osteotomy (P<0.05).Multilevel pVCR had high rate of neurological complications (P<0.05).The incidence rate was 33.3% for patients with preoperative neurologic compromise and 7.3%for patients mthom preoperative neuroiogic compromise (P<0.05).The incidence rate was increased in the revision surgery (P<0.05).Eight patients with neurological deficits had kyphotic angle of raore than 60°although there was no statistical difference (P>0.05). Conclusions pVCR is an effective surgical method for the correction of severe thoracolumbar spinal deformity.The neurological complications,however,should be paid attention to the surgeons.The risk factors for neurologic complications include improper manipulation,massive blood losing,preoperative neurologic compromise,osteotomy at thoracic rein,multi-level vertebrectomy,revision surgery and severe kyphosis.