Objective To determine the nature of enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes,the study of CT-guided transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy(CT-TBNA) was conducted. Methods According to classification and locating standard of mediastinal lymph nodes,CT-TBNA was performed in 158 mediastinal lymph nodes of 73 patients,including 54 primary lung cancer with enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes,5 malignant lymphoma, 3 mediastinal abscess and 11 mediastinal inflammatory adenopathy. Results CT confirmed that the needles were inside all 158 lymph nodes. Adequate aspirates for histologic and/or cytologic diagnosis were obtained in 136 of 158 (86%) lymph node biopsies. No serious complications occurred. Conclusion Locating standard of CT-guided TBNA was reliable. Puncture was safe and cost-effective.CT-TBNA was important for ascertaining the nature of mediastinal adenopathy and staging of neoplasms.

Acetyltransferases ; genetics ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; Female ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; genetics ; Humans ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; genetics ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; genetics ; physiopathology ; S100 Proteins ; genetics ; Transcription Factors ; genetics

Burns ; pathology ; Humans ; Wound Healing

Objective To analyse the pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of tethered cord syndrome(TCS) and to improve the knowledge of the disease.Method The clinical data of 16 cases with TCS who underwent surgical lysis were analyzed,retrospectively.Results Thirteen cases were followed-up for 6 months to 1 year.Three cases with handicap of lower limb function and aesthesia and rectum and bladder sphincter dysfunction got good outcome,and 2 cases showed no improvement,while 10 cases with no symptoms(didn′t) appear TCS.Conclusions It is necessary to diagnose and manage as early as possible.The tethered cord lysis can relieve the symptoms of some cases and control development of TCS.

Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD1 ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Histiocytosis, Sinus ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Langerhans Cells ; pathology ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; pathology ; Male ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the impact of different anatomical landmarks on registration in imaging-guided radiation (IGRT) for lung cancer. Methods For 20 patients with non-small cell lung cancer receiving stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in Fudan University Cancer Hospital, 100 frames of kilo-voltage cone-beam computed tomography scanning were evaluated in this study. The spine, carina and tumor were selected as landmarks for registration, respectively. Results of registration using different landmarks were documented and compared. Results The average set-up errors in the left-right, superiorinferior and anterior-posterior directions were -0. 08 cm ±0. 32 cm, -0. 16 cm ±0. 45 cm and 0. 06 cm ±0. 23 cm with the spine for registration;0. 06 cm ±0. 34 cm, -0. 13 cm ±0. 45 cm and -0. 02 cm±0.23 cm with the carina;and -0. 17 cm ±0.25 cm, 0.03 cm ±0.47 cm and 0. 15 cm ±0.38 cm with tumor. The registration results between using the carina and tumor as landmarks were statistically significant different (q=4.61, P=0. 002 ;q = 2. 23 , P=0. 118;q=3.44, P=0. 017). The registration results were equal when using the spine and tumor as landmarks ( q = 1.85, P = 0. 195; q = 2. 54, P = 0. 075; q = 1.89,P=0. 185), as well as using the carina and tumor as landmarks (q=2.76, P=0. 054;q=0.31, P=0. 826 ;q = 1.55, P = 0. 276). Conclusions For early stage lung cancer, the spine and tumor can be used equally as registration landmarks in imaging-guided SBRT. The carina is not suggested for its poor reproducible position.

BACKGROUND: Vascular dementia is a syndrome characterized by cognitive impairment, which is induced by ischemic or hemorrhagic apoplexy or ischemic-anoxic brain injury. It is assigned to "imbecility", "dementia", "sluggish consciousness", "susceptible to forget things" etc. By traditional Chinese medicine. Impairments of memory and cognition etc. Caused by dementia seriously affect psychosomatic health and quality of life of elderly people.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of shuanggen cephalocathartic decoctum on learning, memory and spatial discrimination ability of vascular dementia rats.DESIGN: Randomized control trail taking experimental animals as objects.SETTING: Teaching and Research Section of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Preclinical Medicine College, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Laboratory of Viscerastate of Teaching and Research Section of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Preclinical Medicine College, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, from January to February 2004. A total of 40 male SD rats were selected and randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, model plus traditional Chinese medicine group and model plus Western medicine group, with 10 in each group. Before the experiment, all the rats were adaptively fed for one week, free drinking and eating before and during the experiment. Medicine and reagent are shuanggen cephalocathartic decoctum and Nimotop tablet, and main experimental apparatuses are DTT-2 jumping apparatus and SMG-2 water maze apparatus.METHODS: Blood was collected from left ventricle under aseptic condi tion, and dried in incubator at 37 ℃, after trituration, it was sifted with sieve of 200μm meshes and embolus was prepared. 1 mg embolus and 0.3 mL physiological saline was mixed and shaken up into suspension. Common carotid artery was temporarily occluded with a vascular clamp, and external carotid artery was retrogradely intubated and the embolus suspension was injected into encephalon to establish model of multiple cerebral infarction. In sham operation group, canulate tubule was intubated only to the bifurcation of common carotid artery, with no fluid injected in. Before the experiment, rats in model group and sham operation group were normally fed, while rats in model plus traditional Chinese medicine group were additionally given shuanggen cephalocathartic decoctum [4 g/(kg·d)] infusion and rats in model plus western medicine group were additionally given Nimotop [2 mg/(kg·d)] infusion, once a day for consecutive 15 days. Passive escape jumping experiment was conducted on rats in each group on the 9th day.Recorded the reaction time for rat jumping onto the rubber cushion after electric shock and the frequency of mistakes of suffering electric shock due to jumping down from the platform in 3 minutes, and took the results as learning indexes. The test was repeated on the 10th day. Put the rat into the box for 3-minture adaptation, then put it on the rubber cushion; recorded the latency for rat first jumping down from the rubber cushion and the frequency of jumpingdown from the rubber cushion in 3 minutes, and took the results as memory indexes. Water maze spatial discrimination experiment was conducted on rats in each group on the 11th day, recorded the frequency of mistakes of rats entering dead end and the latency for landing on safe platform. Every time, took a 40-second rest after swimming. Each rat was trained 10 times a day for consecutive three days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Results of passive escape jumping experiment and water maze spatial discrimination experiment. RESULTS: Each group had a rat dead in the process of operation except sham operation group in which all rats moved normally. Totally 37 rats entered results analysis. ① Results of passive escape jumping experiment: On the 9th day, compared with model group, the reaction time of rats in sham operation group, model plus traditional Chinese medicine group and model plus western medicine group significantly shortened (P < 0.01 -0.05), the frequency of mistakes in 3 minutes remarkably decreased in sham operation group and model plus traditional Chinese medicine group (P < 0.05); on the 10th day, the latency was significantly prolonged in sham operation group as compared with model group (P < 0.05); compared with model group, the frequency of mistakes in 3 minutes significantly decreased in sham operation group, model plus traditional Chinese medicine group and model plus western medicine group (P < 0.05). ② Results of water maze spatial discrimination: On the 3rd day, compared with model group, the frequency of mistakes of rats entering dead end significantly decreased in sham operation group, model plus traditional Chinese medicine group and model plus western medicine group (P < 0.001-0.05); the frequency of mistakes in model plus traditional Chinese medicine group obvi ously decreased as compared with model plus western medicine group (P < 0.05). During the 2nd and 3rd days of water maze experiment, the time for the rat reaching terminal was significantly shortened in sham operation group, model plus traditional Chinese medicine group and model plus western medicine group as compared with model group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Shuanggen cephalocathartic decoctum can significantly improve learning and memory ability of rat model of vascular dementia, and is more effective than Nimotop in the aspect of improving spatial discrimination ability of rat.

0.05). Chuansu Jiuxin Capsule could improve haemorheology (mainly act on blood viscosity, plasma viscosity and HCT), degrade platelet function (increase TXB2 level and decrease 6-keto-PGF1? level) and protect endothelia (increase ET and decrease NO level). Conclusions Chuansu Jiuxin Capsule was effective and safe for the treatment on AP patients with syndrome of blood stasis in collateral of heart.

The pharmacological effects and clinical applications of fish oil preparations were reviewed. Fish oil is a natural material. Its excellent clinical tolerance and multiple pharmacological activities make it a pharmaceutical of broad prospects. Fish oil preparations have been used in the therapy and prevention of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in diabetics. They have also been proved effective in improving symptoms of burns and abscesses. Additionally,fish oil preparations can replace non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the therapy of immune system disorders and have effects of slowering aging and improving the memory faculty of the aged. Applications of fish oil in organ transplantation have also been reported.

Objective To study the diagnosis and treatment of ureteral obstruction caused by endometriosis. Methods Out of 23 patients suffered from endometriosis treated from 1997 to 2000,ureteral obstruction occurred in 2 accompanied by hydronephrosis and dilatation of ureter.Both the 2 underwent sub total hysterectomy, resection of the intumescence in pelvic cavity, and the ureter was freed from the surrounding tissue. Results Ureteral obstruction was relieved in 7～10 days after the procedure. Both the petients were followed up for 2 years without recurrence. Conclusions Attention shoud be called to ureteral obstruction caused by endometriosis.Ultrasonic examination and intravenous pyelogram before operation, close examination of the ureter and adequate freeing of the ureter from it's surrounding tissue during operation, the application of gestrinone for 6 months after the operation, and scheduled following up would yield a satisfactory outcome.