Dental Pulp Cavity ; anatomy & histology ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Radiography ; Root Canal Therapy ; methods

Objective Discuss and analyze Staphylococcusaureus in isolation and drug resistance in patients with pediatric re-spiratory infection,providing guidelines for clinical treatment on the control of infection.Approaches collect 5 413 cases of respiratory tract infection from Jan.2013 to Dec.2014 in patients (including pediatrics neonatology)with sputum specimens, applying MicroScan-As4 automated Microbes Identification analyzer to identify and test drug sensitiveness of the separated strains,using Whonet 5.6 for statistical analysis.Results 1 540 strains of 29 different pathogenic bacteria were isolate from pediatric patients with respiratory tract infection,among which there were 336 strains (21.82%,336/1540)of Staphylococ-cus aureus (SAU,S.aureus),more than 1/5 of the total of pathogenic bacteria.And the isolation rate of pediatric respiratory tract infection accounted for 6.2 1%,significantly higher than that of other pathogenic bacteria isolation rate (with the excep-tion of Haemophilus influenzae>5%,the rest all<5%).In all detected SAU,methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)occpied 59 strains (17.56%,59/336),which indicated that SAU played a leading place in patients with pediatric respiratory infection.The antimicrobial drug resistance rate of SAU against vancomycin,Nai thiazoleamine,daptomycin,and Quinupristin was 0,whereas to other antibiotics it showed different degrees of resistance.The drug resistance rate of MRSA to penicillin and ampicillin,oxacillin,ampicillin/sulbactam,amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefazolin,ceftriaxone was 100%,to erythromycin,clindamycin over 50%,to other antimicrobial resistance in low resistance.Conclusion There were more SAU in children with respiratory infection;especially MRSA bears multi drug resistance.Therefore,the monitoring of drug resist-ance of Staphylococcus aureus should be strengthened,and antimicrobial drugs should be rationally chosen according to the results of drug sensitive test for individuals,so that resistant strains can be under effective control and kept being reduced from emergence.

0.05) after condensation. The difference of leakage between A and B, B and D groups was significant from 20 and 15 days on. The glucose concentration in group A and B was higher than that in group C and D during the corresponding observation period and using the corresponding sealer materia.AH Plus resulted in less leakage than Pulp Canal Sealer EWT did when using lateral condensation technique and two sealer performed the same when using vertical condensation method.Conclusions:The sealing ability of vertical condensation technique is better than that of lateral.

Humans ; Periapical Periodontitis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Root Canal Therapy ; adverse effects

Humans ; Root Canal Obturation

Humans ; Root Canal Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods

Dental Pulp Cavity ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Root Canal Preparation ; methods

Dental Pulp Cavity ; abnormalities ; pathology ; Humans ; Root Canal Therapy ; methods

10 mm) treated by CBA or BA were retrospectively analyzed. CBA was used in 74 patients and BA in 43 patients. Results Initial success (residual restenosis ≤30% with no major complications) was achieved in 99% of cases in CBA group and 100% in cases of BA group. Follow-up angiography was performed in all patients at (5.8?1.6) months. The diameter stenosis percent after CBA was lower and the instant gain after CBA was larger than that after BA (11.81%?9.17% versus 26.33%?10.04% and 1.96?0.51 mm versus 1.51? 0.54 mm, respectively; P

Objective To explore the indications of conservative treatment and to explore the laparotomy for children with abdominal trauma,so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal injury in children.Methods This retrospective review included 89 children who had an abdominal trauma which was classified according to the injury situation.Results (1)Of 25 patients with hepatic injury,1 underwent surgery.Among the 48 patients with splenic injury,46 cases were treated successfully by conservative treatment,only 1 underwent splenectomy and another adopted splenic neoplasty.Fourteen patients suffered from gastrointestinal injury,and 4 of them underwent emergency laparotomy,however a delayed perforation of digestive tract occurred in 1 child when he was in hospital 4 days later.Eight cases of pancreatic trauma were treated successfully by conservative treatment,the same as 6 cases of renal and adrenal contusion.One child with uterus and bladder injury was atopted emergency surgical treatment.(2) Unlike adults,conservative management of hepatic and splenic injuries was successfully applied to the vast majority of children.Operative treatment ought to be carried out when hemodynamic stability could not be maintained despite a continuous intravenous fluids and blood transfusion,or when the total amount of blood transfusion exceeds 40 ml/kg.(3)CT was very useful for children with gastrointestinal injury,especially for one cannot stand for abdominal X-ray examination.Operative treatment ought to be carried out timely in those with pneumoperitoneum or abdominal distension.We should pay particular attention to the possibility of delayed perforation.(4)In general,pancreatic injury could be treated conservatively except the ones with pancreatic rupture.(5)Children with bladder and uterine injury often suffered from severe trauma,and needed to be operated timely.Conclusion Children with abdominal injury should be highly valued in primary hospital.Internal bleeding caused by substantial organ injury is the leading cause of death in children,and the delayed diagnosis and treatment of the injured cavity organs is another important cause of the death.Therefore,early accurate diagnosis,active treatment,comprehensive treatment of severe combined injuries and complications are the key to successful treatment of such patients.